| 1. |
- Hallström, Hadar, et al.
(författare)
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Probiotic supplements and debridement of peri-implant mucositis : a randomized controlled trial
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 74:1, s. 60-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The aim of this double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplements in adjunct to conventional management of peri-implant mucositis.Materials and methods.Forty-nine adult patients with peri-implant mucositis were consecutively recruited after informed consent. After initial mechanical debridement and oral hygiene instructions, the patients received a topical oil application (active or placebo) followed by twice-daily intake of lozenges (active or placebo) for 3 months. The active products contained a mix of two strains of Lactobacillus reuteri. Patients were clinically monitored and sampled at baseline and after 1, 2, 4, 12 and 26 weeks. The clinical end-points were pocket-probing depth (PPD), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP). In addition, the subgingival microbiota was processed with checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization and samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were analyzed for selected cytokines with the aid of multiplex immunoassays.Results.After 4 and 12 weeks, all clinical parameters were improved in both the test and the placebo group. PPD and BOP were significantly reduced compared with baseline (p < 0.05), but no significant differences were displayed between the groups. The clinical improvements persisted 3 months after the intervention. No major alterations of the subgingival microflora were disclosed and the levels of inflammatory mediators in GCF did not differ between the groups.Conclusions.Mechanical debridement and oral hygiene reinforcement resulted in clinical improvement of peri-implant mucositis and a reduction in cytokine levels. Probiotic supplements did not provide added benefit to placebo.
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| 2. |
- Twetman, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Coaggregation between probiotic bacteria and caries-associated strains : an in vitro study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 67:5, s. 284-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To evaluate the in vitro abilities of probiotic bacteria derived from consumer products to coaggregate with caries-associated mutans streptococci. Material and Methods. Six lactobacillus strains (L. acidophilus (CCUG 5917), L. plantarum 299v, L. rhamnosus GG and LB21, L. paracasei F19, L. reuteri PTA5289) were cultivated under anaerobic conditions at 37 degrees C in Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) broth for 24 h. Four strains of human streptococci (S. mutans Ingbritt, S. mutans (ATCC 25175), S. mutans GS-5, S. sobrinus (ATCC 33478) were similarly grown in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth. A gastrointestinal pathogen (Escherichia coli) was aerobically cultivated on BHI broth as a positive control. After incubation, the bacteria were aerobically harvested, washed, and suspended in 10 mmol/l phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2). The probiotic strains were characterized with the API 50 CH system to confirm their identity. Coaggregation was determined by spectrophotometry in mixtures and bacterial suspensions alone after 1, 2, 4, and 24 h and expressed as the aggregation ratio (%). Results. All probiotic strains showed coaggregation abilities with the oral pathogens and the results were strain specific and dependent on time. S. mutans GS-5 exhibited a significantly higher ability to coaggregate with all the probiotic strains than the other mutans streptococci and E. coli. The differences among the probiotic strains were modest with L. acidophilus being the most prone and L. rhamnosus LB21 the least prone to coaggregate with the oral streptococci. Conclusions. The results demonstrated different abilities of lactobacilli-derived probiotic bacteria to coaggregate with selected oral streptococci. Aggregation assays may be a useful complement for screening of probiotic candidates with possible anti-caries properties.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Anderson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Oral microflora in preschool children attending a fluoride varnish program: a cross-sectional study.
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC oral health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To compare the oral microflora in preschool children attending a fluoride varnish program with a reference group receiving a standard oral health program without fluoride varnish applications. A second aim was to relate the microbial composition to the caries prevalence.Five hundred seven 3-year-old children were enrolled from a cohort of 3403 preschool children taking part in a community based oral health project. Two hundred sixty-three of them had attended caries-preventive program with semi-annual applications of a fluoride varnish since the age of 1year (test group) while 237 had received standard preventive care (reference group). Oral samples were collected with a sterile swab and analysed with checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization using 12 pre-determined bacterial probes. Caries and background data were collected from clinical examinations and questionnaires.Gram-positive streptococci (S. intermedius, S. salivarius, S. oralis) were most frequently detected and displayed the highest counts in both groups. There were no significant differences between the groups concerning prevalence of any of the selected bacterial strains except for S. oralis that occurred less frequently in the reference group. In children with caries, V. parvula were significantly more common (p<0.05) while strains of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Neisseria were more prevalent among the caries-free children (p<0.05).A 2-year community program with semi-annual fluoride varnish applications did not seem to significantly influence the oral microflora in preschool children.www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN35086887) 20131216 'retrospectively registered'.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, A, et al.
(författare)
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White spot lesion regression with the CPP-ACP system assessed by a laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent).
- 2006
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Ingår i: Oral Health Prev Dent.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate and compare the effects of a dental cream containing complexes of casein phosphoprotein-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride mouth rinses on the regression of white spot lesions (WSL). Material and methods: The study group consisted of 26 healthy adolescents (mean age 14.6 yr) exhibiting 60 teeth with 152 visible WSL sites on incisors and canines immediately after debonding of fixed orthodontic appliances. After bracket removal, professional tooth cleaning and drying, a visual scoring (0-4) and laser fluorescence (LF) readings were carried out. The patients were randomly assigned to two different treatment protocols with the aim to remineralize the lesions: A) daily topical applications of a dental cream containing CPP-ACP (Topacal) for 3 months followed by a 3-month period of daily tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste, or B) daily 0.05% sodium fluoride rinses combined with fluoridated toothpaste for 6 months. The registrations were repeated after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months and follow-up data were compared with baseline with aid of chi-square and paired t-tests. Results: A significant improvement of the clinical WSL-scores was found over time in both groups but there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) concerning the number of sites that totally disappeared after 12 months in favor for the CPP-ACP regime, 63% vs. 25% respectively. The clinical registrations were mirrored by a statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) in the LF readings at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups compared to baseline. No significant differences were displayed between the groups. Conclusion: Clinical scoring and LF assessment suggested that both regimens could promote regression of WSL after debonding of fixed orthodontic appliances. The visual evaluation suggested an aesthetically more favourable outcome of the amorphous calcium phosphate treatments.
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| 6. |
- Axelsson, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Economic aspects of the detection of occlusal dentine caries.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 67:1, s. 38-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cost of true-positive occlusal dentine caries detection in permanent molars assessed by: (I) visual-tactile examination, (II) visual-tactile examination combined with bitewing radiographs, and (III) selective radiographic examination of patients with lesions detected clinically. A second aim was to analyse the different strategies when the costs of the subsequent restorative care are considered. METHODS: A model analysis was applied owing to the lack of original articles. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated from a systematic review and included in vitro and in vivo studies of medium and high quality. The direct costs for examinations and restorative care were extracted from the costs of the Public Dental Service in Sweden (2006). RESULTS: The diagnostic costs per true-positive finding were dependent on the occurrence of occlusal caries and increased with decreasing prevalence. The strategy by which radiographs were exposed selectively on the basis of findings from visual-tactile examination resulted in higher initial costs compared with the first and second strategies. When the costs of the subsequent restorative care were added, the selective strategy was most beneficial by up to 26% savings per true-positive diagnosis. However, with this selective strategy, more cases of true-positive dentine caries were assumed would remain undetected as compared with the combined strategy with visual-tactile examination and radiographs for all. CONCLUSIONS: The cost for a true-positive caries diagnosis was inversely related to caries occurrence, and different diagnostic strategies may display contrasting outcomes when subsequent restorative care is taken into account.
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| 7. |
- Axelsson, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of combined caries-preventive methods: a systematic review of controlled clinical trials.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 62:3, s. 163-9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the caries-preventive effect of combined caries-preventive methods, defined as two or more different interventions in combination, each expected to prevent dental caries. The Medline database was searched for articles published in the period January 1966 to June 2003. Twenty-four controlled studies met the inclusion criteria, and their value as evidence was assessed according to predetermined criteria. The level of evidence for the overall conclusion regarding each method was graded according to the protocol of the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care. The scientific evidence for the combination of treatments involving fluoride that had a preventive effect on caries in children and adolescents was graded as moderate. However, for elderly patients the scientific evidence for the caries-preventive effect of different combinations of treatments was found to be incomplete. No conclusion could be drawn regarding the evidence for combinations of treatments being effective for groups at high caries risk, as the results from the identified clinical studies were conflicting.
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| 8. |
- Björnström, H, et al.
(författare)
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Fluoride levels in saliva and dental plaque after consumption of snacks prepared with fluoridated salt.
- 2004
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Ingår i: European journal of paediatric dentistry. ; 5:1, s. 41-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To determine the concentration of fluoride in saliva and supragingival dental plaque at designated time intervals after consumption of snacks prepared with a standardised amount of fluoridated salt. STUDY DESIGN: The investigation had a single blind prospective crossover design. METHODS: A group of 11 healthy young adults volunteered to participate after verbal and written information and consent. After a 1-week fluoride depletion period, the subjects consumed popcorn prepared with either fluoridated (250 mg/kg) or non-fluoridated salt during 30 minutes. Unstimulated whole saliva and samples of supragingival plaque were collected before consumption (baseline) and at 30, 60 and 120 minutes after the intake. Fluoride concentration was determined with a fluoride-specific electrode and the post-ingestion levels were compared with baseline by ANOVA. RESULTS: In saliva, the mean fluoride concentrations at baseline ranged from 0.021 to 0.027 mg/L and after the 30 minutes consumption of fluoride prepared snacks a 15-fold increase (p<0.001) was found. The same pattern was disclosed in the plaque samples. In both saliva and plaque, the fluoride levels remained significantly elevated after 2 hours (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Consumption of snacks prepared with fluoridated table salt resulted in significantly increased fluoride levels in saliva and supragingival plaque for a period of at least two hours.
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| 9. |
- Boustedt, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Salivary microflora and mode of delivery: a prospective case control study.
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC oral health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous cross-sectional studies have suggested that the mode of delivery can influence the composition of oral microflora. The aim of this prospective study was to compare the salivary colonization in vaginally delivered children with children delivered by Caesarian section (C-section) during their first 6months of life.
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| 10. |
- Braathen, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Presence of Lactobacillus reuteri in saliva coincide with higher salivary IgA in young adults after intake of probiotic lozenges
- 2017
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Ingår i: Beneficial Microbes. - : Wageningen Academic Publishers. - 1876-2883 .- 1876-2891. ; 8:1, s. 17-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) and the selected interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in young individuals with presence and non-presence of Lactobacillus reuteri in saliva after a three-week intervention with probiotic lozenges. The study group consisted of 47 healthy individuals aged 18-32 years with no clinical signs of oral inflammation. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial participants ingested two lozenges per day containing two strains of the probiotic bacterium L. reuteri or placebo lozenges. The intervention and wash-out periods were three weeks. Stimulated and unstimulated whole saliva was collected at baseline and immediately after termination of the intervention periods. The samples were analysed for total protein, salivary IgA and selected cytokines. In this extended analysis, data were collected by analysing baseline and follow-up saliva samples related to ingestion of the probiotic lozenges for the presence of L. reuteri through DNA-extraction, PCR-amplification and gel-electrophoresis. At baseline, 27% of the individuals displayed presence of L. reuteri and 42% were positive immediately after the three-week probiotic intervention. Individuals with presence of L. reuteri in saliva had significantly higher (P<0.05) concentrations of salivary IgA and %IgA/protein at the termination of the probiotic intake compared with non-presence. No differences in the cytokine levels were observed. In conclusion, detectable levels of L. reuteri in saliva coincided with higher concentrations of salivary IgA and %IgA/protein in stimulated whole saliva after the three-week daily intake of probiotic lozenges. Our findings suggest that monitoring the presence of probiotic candidates in the oral environment is important to interpret and understand their possible immune-modulating role in maintaining oral health.
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