| 1. |
- Alawode, Abiodun, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Irvingia kernels extract as biobased wood adhesive
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Wood Science. - : Springer. - 1435-0211 .- 1611-4663. ; 66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irvingia tree species have been earmarked for domestication in many countries due to their potential as raw materials for various applications, which include biodiesel, cosmetics, perfume, soap, etc. Presently, there is no information on the utilization of kernel seed extract as a potential source of green wood adhesive. This study is focused on investigating the properties of adhesives produced from kernel seeds of two Irvingia wood species i.e. Irvingia gabonensis (IG) and Irvingia wombolu (IW), as well as investigating the improved properties derived from the effect of modification using a few selected modifying agents including glutaraldehyde, glyoxal, epichlorohydrin (EPI) and an acid/base type process modification. Polyethylene (PE) was used along with the glutaraldehyde, glyoxal and epichlorohydrin modifiers in the modification process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted to study the effect of modification on adhesive properties. The glycosidic carbon of the unmodified extracts and that of the EPI modified sample were not sensitive to chain conformations. Principal components (PC) 1 and 2 explained 85.19 and 9.54%, respectively, of the total variability in FTIR spectra among the modified and unmodified adhesives. The unmodified samples for IG and IW exhibited one peak with crystallization temperatures of 18.7 and 14.4 °C, respectively, indicating only one component exhibits some low degree crystallinity. The adhesive properties of the modified extracts were tested on wood veneers according to ASTM standard. The shear strength of the modified adhesives ranged from 1.5 to 3.93 MPa and 1.7 to 4.05 MPa for IG and IW, respectively. The modified samples containing PE showed marked improvement in the shear strength. The highest values were about 63% higher than the shear strength of unmodified samples with least shear strength. The results indicated that the modification of Irvingia-based adhesives had a great contribution to their performance as natural wood adhesives.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Alawode, Abiodun, et al.
(författare)
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Performance evaluation of a natural based adhesive derived from Irvingia wood species kernel extracts on wood panel production
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0169-4243 .- 1568-5616. ; 34:9, s. 995-1012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irvingia seed kernels have been identified as potential raw materials for a wide range of applications such as biodiesel, cosmetics, perfume, and soap. As a result, the Irvingia wood species is earmarked for domestication globally in order to commercially exploit these potential benefits. This study investigated the physical and mechanical properties of experimental panels made with pine (Pinus elliottii) wood particles, using modified Irvingia gabonensis (IG) and Irvingia wombolu (IW) extracts as a binder. The mean values of modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) for the panels produced with this Irvingia-based adhesive were 5.8 and 1251 MPa, respectively. These values are within the minimum requirement for MOR and MOE (5.5 and 1034 MPa, respectively) for panel grade 1-L-1 as specified by the American National Standards Institute A208.1. The results from the study show that Irvingia kernel extracts may be considered as a potential environmentally friendly adhesive for wood composite manufacture.
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| 4. |
- Alawode, Abiodun, et al.
(författare)
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Properties and characteristics of novel formaldehyde-free wood adhesives prepared from Irvingia gabonensis and Irvingia wombolu seed kernel extracts
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. - : Elsevier. - 0143-7496 .- 1879-0127. ; 95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is renewed interest in the domestication of Irvingia tree species due to the potential use of various parts of the tree as raw materials for a wide range of applications such as biodiesel production, cosmetics, perfumes, soap, weight-loss supplement etc. The current study investigates the properties of extracts from the seed kernels of two Irvingia species – Irvingia gabonensis (IG) and Irvingia wombolu (IW) as natural wood adhesives. Three extraction methods using various solvent/solute media were compared in terms of yield, composition and mechanical properties. Statistically, the analysis revealed significant differences between the different extraction methods. The adhesion properties of the extracts were tested on wood veneers according to the American Society for Testing and Materials standard (ASTM D – 906-64). The shear strength of the extracts ranged from 0.55 to 1.5 MPa and 0.86 to 1.7 MPa for IG and IW, respectively. The initial decomposition temperature of all Irvingia Kernel extract ranges from 138.3 – 149.11 oC for IG and 129.5 – 145.3 oC for IW. As a result, the hot melt temperature for the adhesive experiments was set around 150 oC. The results indicate that Irvingia kernel extract is a more promising source of non-formaldehyde based adhesives in wood composite production.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Amiandamhen, Stephen, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Calcium phosphate bonded wood and fiber composite panels : production and optimization of panel properties
- 2017
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Ingår i: Holzforschung. - Germany : Walter de Gruyter. - 0018-3830 .- 1437-434X. ; 71:9, s. 725-732
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of phosphate bonded composites with properties comparable with those of current Portland cement bonded products has been investigated. More precisely, the focus of the study was the optimization of calcium phosphate cements in combination with wood processing residues slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) planer shavings, Black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) residues, Blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.) residues, hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) hurds and dried crushed sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L.) as well as pulp mill sludge and waste paper. A central composite design (CCD) for the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied for selection of the proper parameters. Mechanical tests were conducted on the composite products and the effect of the processing variables was evaluated based on the Pareto analysis of variance. The density of the wood-based panels ranged from 0.68 to 1.21 g cm−3, that of the agricultural fibers from 0.59 to 1.15 g cm−3 and that of the paper pulp panels from 0.81 to 1.21 g cm−3. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) data of the panels ranged from 1.63 to 4.92 MPa for wood, from 0.37 to 3.28 MPa for agricultural fibers and from 0.65 to 3.87 MPa for paper-pulp-based fibers. The physical properties of the composite products met the requirements for Portland-cement-bonded particleboards (EN 634-2, 2007).
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| 7. |
- Amiandamhen, Stephen, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of bark on the physical and mechanical properties of phosphate bonded wood composites of black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Forest resource and Products: Moving toward a sustainable future, 59th International Convention of the Society of Wood Science and Technology, Curitiba, Brazil, March 6 -10, 2016. - Curitiba, Brazil. - 9780981787664 ; , s. 165-173
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Amiandamhen, Stephen, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Magnesium based phosphate cement binder for composite panels: A response surface methodology for optimisation of processing variables in boards produced from agricultural and wood processing industrial residues
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 94, s. 746-754
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the potential use of magnesium based phosphate cement prepared from a heavy magnesium oxide and monopotassium phosphate as a binder for the production of composite panels using bio-based industrial residues such as bagasse, hemp hurds, pine sawdust, paper mill sludge and wastepaper as raw materials. These residues were used to produce light-weight and durable materials that can compare with current Portland cement based products. The phosphate binder is fast setting, cold curing and has a low carbon footprint compared to its Portland cement counterpart. The development of phosphate bonded board products promises to reduce the energy requirements in the manufacturing process of board products, and also provides an alternative route for disposal or value addition to bio-based residues by developing environmentally friendly products. The board manufacturing process was laid out on a central composite design (CCD) to model the response variable, utilizing as much residues as technically feasible. The design allowed for the production of low and medium density boards that can be used for non-structural interior finishes and partition boards. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to show the relationships between the production variables and predict the board property by variable optimisation. Tests of mechanical and physical properties were conducted on the boards. The density of hemp boards ranged from 0.59–0.83 g/cm3, bagasse boards ranged from 0.54–0.78 g/cm3, pine boards ranged from 0.58–0.84 g/cm3, paper sludge boards ranged from 0.68–0.81 g/cm3 and wastepaper boards ranged from 0.67–0.81 g/cm3. The study has shown that it is feasible to produce phosphate based board products using bio based industrial and agricultural residues. The physical properties of the products met the minimum requirements for cement bonded particleboard (EN 634:2007) and LD-1 grade particle board (ANSI 208.1:1999).
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| 9. |
- Amiandamhen, Stephen, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Natural fibre modification and its influence on fibre-matrix interfacial properties in biocomposite materials
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fibers And Polymers. - : Springer. - 1229-9197 .- 1875-0052. ; 21:4, s. 677-689
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biocomposite materials manufactured from natural fibres and polymer matrix represent a group of engineered composite products with diverse applications. These materials continue to find increasing applications due to their design flexibility, superior properties and aesthetic appeal. The applicability of these biocomposites, however, depends on theinteraction in the fibre-matrix interface. This paper reviews the state of the art research in fibre-matrix interfacial interaction based on published literature. A brief background on biocomposite materials is presented. The focus of this review is the modification of natural fibres and its effect on fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion and properties. In addition, the effect of chemical treatment on fibre composition and fibre-matrix interfacial bonding mechanism are discussed.
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| 10. |
- Amiandamhen, Stephen, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphate bonded natural fibre composites
- 2017
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Ingår i: Forest Sector Innovations for a Greener Future, June 12-16, 2017. - Vancouver, Canada : International Union of Forest Research Organizations.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demands for wood based composites along with increasing economic and environmental concerns on conventional wood products necessitate moving beyond the traditional processing methods to more costeffectiveand environmentally friendly approaches. In the wake of a fast-setting phosphate binder with a low carbon footprint, this study investigates the potential of different waste residues incorporated in formulated magnesium and calcium phosphate binders to produce commercially-viable composite products. The residues include forest waste from alien invasive trees, agricultural processing waste such as bagasse and hemp hurds, and wood-based industrial residues including papermill sludge, waste paper and sawmill waste. A wide range of composite products were produced that met the requirements of Portland cement particleboard (EN 634: 2007). This study presents the result of the process optimization and test conducted to product technical specifications. The development of phosphate bonded natural fibre composites utilizing lignocellulosic residues promises to bring economic potential to developing countries.
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