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- Savolainen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Moyamoya angiopathy: long-term follow-up study in a Finnish population
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 266:3, s. 574-581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purposeMoyamoya angiopathy (MMA) is a chronic cerebrovascular disorder predominantly starting in childhood or early adulthood and thus affects the whole lifetime. Little is known on MMAs long-term outcomes in European patients. We report long-term follow-up data on Finnish MMA patients.MethodsWe included patients from our Helsinki University Hospital MMA database and arranged long-term follow-up visits for all the patients. This follow-up included a review of the medical records accumulated in due time, detailed neurological and neuropsychological evaluation, and outcome measures modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI).ResultsThere were 61 MMA patients with a mean follow-up period of 9.5years (SD 6.7years; range 1.3-35.4years; 581 patient-years). Only two patients had died and two-thirds (n=40, 65.6%) had no new events during the follow-up period. Eight patients (13.1%) had an ischemic and five patients (8.2%) a hemorrhagic stroke during the follow-up. There were no differences between operated (n=26) and conservatively (n=35) treated groups regarding recurrent events or the outcome measured with mRS or BI. Finnish MMA patients reported significantly poorer physical and psychological health aspects of QOL when compared to the general Finnish population. Symptoms of low mood were found in 27 (56%) patients.ConclusionsFinnish MMA patients have a benign and stable course with a 3.5% annual stroke risk. We found no differences in the clinical outcomes between the operated and conservative groups, however, the psychosocial well-being requires more attention in MMA patients.
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- Savolainen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Moyamoya angiopathy: radiological follow-up findings in Finnish patients
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 267, s. 2301-2306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose Moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) is a chronic progressive disorder, but imaging changes observed over time are not yet characterized in European populations. We analyzed the progression of MMA with magnetic resonance imaging and angiography (MRI and MRA) in our Finnish MMA registry. Stage classification based on MRA findings was used to evaluate the progress of the disease. Methods 32 patients with MMA were evaluated with MRI and MRA and compared to previous imaging. The follow-up imaging was done 103 (range 6-380) months after the MMA diagnosis, and 64 (range 6-270) months after the previous imaging. We graded the disease stage according to the previously described MRA grading scale. Results No acute lesions, including silent ischemic strokes were found in the follow-up image compared to latest available previous image. One patient had an asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage since the last imaging. Ivy sign was observed in 22% of the patients in the follow-up image. Six percent (n = 2) had microhemorrhages and 9% (n = 3) white matter lesions in the follow-up imaging. The MRA grade was evaluated from the follow-up images and it was 3 and 2.5 points (right and left, respectively). Fifty-six percent (n = 18) had old ischemic lesions in the follow-up image. Majority (71%) of the old ischemic lesions were large anterior circulation infarcts. Conclusions A slow progression of MMA-related changes on MRI/MRA was found, being in line with our previous reports suggesting a rather benign course of the disease in the Finnish population.
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- Tiihonen, J, et al.
(författare)
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Correction: Neurobiological roots of psychopathy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5578 .- 1359-4184. ; 25:12, s. 3455-3456
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A correction to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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- Tiihonen, J, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic background of extreme violent behavior
- 2015
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Ingår i: Molecular psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5578 .- 1359-4184. ; 20:6, s. 786-792
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Tiihonen, J, et al.
(författare)
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Neurobiological roots of psychopathy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5578 .- 1359-4184. ; 25:12, s. 3432-3441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychopathy is an extreme form of antisocial behavior, with about 1% prevalence in the general population, and 10–30% among incarcerated criminal offenders. Although the heritability of severe antisocial behavior is up to 50%, the genetic background is unclear. The underlying molecular mechanisms have remained unknown but several previous studies suggest that abnormal glucose metabolism and opioidergic neurotransmission contribute to violent offending and psychopathy. Here we show using iPSC-derived cortical neurons and astrocytes from six incarcerated extremely antisocial and violent offenders, three nonpsychopathic individuals with substance abuse, and six healthy controls that there are robust alterations in the expression of several genes and immune response-related molecular pathways which were specific for psychopathy. In neurons, psychopathy was associated with marked upregulation of RPL10P9 and ZNF132, and downregulation of CDH5 and OPRD1. In astrocytes, RPL10P9 and MT-RNR2 were upregulated. Expression of aforementioned genes explained 30–92% of the variance of psychopathic symptoms. The gene expression findings were confirmed with qPCR. These genes may be relevant to the lack of empathy and emotional callousness seen in psychopathy, since several studies have linked these genes to autism and social interaction.
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