| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Edebo, Anders, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Circumferential and axial distribution of esophageal mucosal damage in reflux disease.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus / I.S.D.E. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1120-8694. ; 20:3, s. 232-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the axial and radial distribution of histological markers including hyperplasia of the basal cell layer, elongation of the papillae and dilatation of the intercellular spaces of the squamous epithelium in patients with nonerosive reflux disease compared to controls and to relate this to the macroscopic topography in erosive reflux disease. Two different study populations were included in this report. Endoscopic esophageal biopsies were taken from 21 healthy control subjects and 21 nonerosive reflux disease patients before and after 4 weeks of esomeprazole therapy. Endoscopic still images from 50 erosive reflux disease patients were reviewed for the radial orientation of LA grade A and/or B esophagitis (Los Angeles criteria for grading of reflux esophagitis). The 3 o'clock position of the squamocolumnar junction showed significantly thicker basal cell layer (P=0.011) and more intercellular space dilatation (P=0.01) in nonerosive reflux disease patients compared to the 9 o'clock position. Only a significant difference in dilatation of the intercellular spaces (P=0.018) between nonerosive reflux disease patients and controls were observed in the 3 o'clock region at the squamocolumnar junction, whereas 1-2 cm orally, all three histological criteria differed significantly (P
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| 3. |
- Edebo, Anders, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Magnification endoscopy for diagnosis of nonerosive reflux disease: a proposal of diagnostic criteria and critical analysis of observer variability.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Endoscopy. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1438-8812 .- 0013-726X. ; 39:3, s. 195-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: This study tested the diagnostic value of high-resolution endoscopy for the recognition of subtle diagnostic esophageal mucosal changes in nonerosive reflux disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten control subjects and eleven patients with nonerosive reflux disease confirmed by a validated questionnaire, standard endoscopy, and 24-hour pH-metry participated in the study. Still images were collected by high-resolution endoscopes from the distal esophagus in a standardized manner, incorporating iodine staining. Assessments were repeated in the patients with reflux disease after 4 weeks of esomeprazole therapy. Interobserver variability in the recognition of the proposed criteria was initially evaluated by 27 endoscopists using an Internet-based process. After optimisation of image quality the evaluation was repeated face-to-face with six expert endoscopists. RESULTS: No criterion was identified in either assessment that was sufficiently sensitive and specific to patients with reflux disease to be clinically useful. The kappa value, used to assess interobserver variation, was acceptably high only for invisibility of palisade vessels (0.59). Triangular indentations, apical mucosal breaks, and pinpoint blood vessels at the squamocolumnar junction were identified more frequently in the patients with reflux disease ( P < 0.05). These changes and the invisibility of the palisade vessels were significantly less prevalent in reflux patients after therapy ( P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Though some distal esophageal mucosal appearances observed with the high-resolution endoscope appeared to be related to nonerosive esophageal mucosal injury, none of these changes proved to be sufficiently sensitive and specific to justify their use as a diagnostic criterion for nonerosive reflux disease.
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| 4. |
- Matser, Yvette A H, et al.
(författare)
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Optimising urinary catecholamine metabolite diagnostics for neuroblastoma.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pediatric blood & cancer. - 1545-5017. ; 70:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The analysis of urinary catecholamine metabolites is a cornerstone of neuroblastoma diagnostics. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the sampling method, and variable combinations of catecholamine metabolites are being used. We investigated if spot urine samples can be reliably used for analysis of a panel of catecholamine metabolites for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma.Twenty-four-hour urine or spot urine samples were collected from patients with and without neuroblastoma at diagnosis. Homovanillic acid (HVA), vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), dopamine, 3-methoxytyramine, norepinephrine, normetanephrine, epinephrine and metanephrine were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) and/or ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).Catecholamine metabolite levels were measured in urine samples of 400 neuroblastoma patients (24-hour urine, n = 234; spot urine, n = 166) and 571 controls (all spot urine). Excretion levels of catecholamine metabolites and the diagnostic sensitivity for each metabolite were similar in 24-hour urine and spot urine samples (p > .08 and >.27 for all metabolites). The area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) of the panel containing all eight catecholamine metabolites was significantly higher compared to that of only HVA and VMA (AUC = 0.952 vs. 0.920, p = .02). No differences were observed in metabolite levels between the two analysis methods.Catecholamine metabolites in spot urine and 24-hour urine resulted in similar diagnostic sensitivities. The Catecholamine Working Group recommends the implementation of spot urine as standard of care. The panel of eight catecholamine metabolites has superior diagnostic accuracy over VMA and HVA.
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| 5. |
- Chagtai, Tasnim, et al.
(författare)
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Gain of 1q as a prognostic biomarker in Wilms Tumors (WTs) treated with preoperative chemotherapy in the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) WT 2001 trial : A SIOP renal tumours biology consortium study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X. ; 34:26, s. 3195-3203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric renal tumor. Treatment planning under International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) protocols is based on staging and histologic assessment of response to preoperative chemotherapy. Despite high overall survival (OS), many relapses occur in patients without specific risk factors, and many successfully treated patients are exposed to treatments with significant risks of late effects. To investigate whether molecular biomarkers could improve risk stratification, we assessed 1q status and other potential copy number biomarkers in a large WT series. Materials and Methods: WT nephrectomy samples from 586 SIOP WT 2001 patients were analyzed using a multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay that measured the copy number of 1q and other regions of interest. Results: One hundred sixty-seven (28%) of 586 WTs had 1q gain. Five-year event-free survival (EFS) was 75.0% in patients with 1q gain (95% CI, 68.5% to 82.0%) and 88.2% in patients without gain (95% CI, 85.0% to 91.4%). OS was 88.4% with gain (95% CI, 83.5% to 93.6%) and 94.4% without gain (95% CI, 92.1% to 96.7%). In univariable analysis, 1q gain was associated with poorer EFS (P < .001; hazard ratio, 2.33) and OS (P = .01; hazard ratio, 2.16). The association of 1q gain with poorer EFS retained significance in multivariable analysis adjusted for 1p and 16q loss, sex, stage, age, and histologic risk group. Gain of 1q remained associated with poorer EFS in tumor subsets limited to either intermediate-risk localized disease or nonanaplastic localized disease. Other notable aberrations associated with poorer EFS included MYCN gain and TP53 loss. Conclusion: Gain of 1q is a potentially valuable prognostic biomarker in WT, in addition to histologic response to preoperative chemotherapy and tumor stage.
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| 6. |
- Vieth, M, et al.
(författare)
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Radial distribution of dilated intercellular spaces of the esophageal squamous epithelium in patients with reflux disease exhibiting discrete endoscopic lesions.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 0257-2753 .- 1421-9875. ; 22:2, s. 208-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Dilatation of intercellular spaces of the esophageal squamous epithelium has been suggested as a marker of early acid reflux-induced damage. This change is a potentially useful addition to histomorphological changes that represent so called minimal endoscopic lesions. We have assessed dilatation of intercellular spaces with regard to: (1) interobserver variability, and (2) whether the incidence of this varies between 'red streaks' and the adjacent normal looking squamous epithelium. METHODS: Esophageal biopsies from 44 patients with chronic gastro-esophageal reflux (GERD) were evaluated. At endoscopy, these patients had one or more red streaks on the tops of the mucosal folds in the distal esophagus. Biopsies were taken from the red streaks and from the normal-appearing mucosa 1 cm lateral to the red streaks. Biopsies were assessed in a blinded fashion by two independent pathologists (MV & RF). Criteria for assessing intercellular space dilatation were evaluated and agreed on prior to the study. RESULTS: Good interobserver agreement was recorded (kappa = 0.82 at the streaks and 0.77 for the control tissues) for absence/presence of intercellular space dilatation. Red streak and control biopsies differed significantly (p = 0.0001), with respect to presence of dilated intercellular spaces, with 90.5 % of the former demonstrating this as present compared to 56.1% in the controls. CONCLUSION: This study supports the concept that esophageal mucosal minimal changes due to reflux is localised and that dilatation of intercellular spaces is an early sign of reflux-induced epithelial damage. The low interobserver variability in the assessment of intercellular space dilatation suggests that this may be a useful variable for assessment of early signs of acid-reflux induced damage to the squamous epithelium of the esophagus by use of light microscopy.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bleeker, Gitta, et al.
(författare)
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MIBG scans in patients with stage 4 neuroblastoma reveal two metastatic patterns, one is associated with MYCN amplification and in MYCN-amplified tumours correlates with a better prognosis
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 42:2, s. 222-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The aim of this study was to find clinically relevant MIBG-avid metastatic patterns in patients with newly diagnosed stage 4 neuroblastoma. Methods Diagnostic I-123-MIBG scans from 249 patients (123 from a European and 126 from the COG cohort) were assessed for metastatic spread in 14 body segments and the form of the lesions: "focal" (clear margins distinguishable from adjacent background) or "diffuse" (indistinct margins, dispersed throughout the body segment). The total numbers of diffuse and focal lesions were recorded. Patients were then categorized as having lesions exclusively focal, lesions more focal than diffuse, lesions more diffuse than focal, or lesions exclusively diffuse. Results Diffuse lesions affected a median of seven body segments and focal lesions a median of two body segments (P<0.001, both cohorts). Patients with a focal pattern had a median of 2 affected body segments and those with a diffuse pattern a median of 11 affected body segments (P<0.001, both cohorts). Thus, two MIBG-avid metastatic patterns emerged: "limited-focal" and "extensive-diffuse". The median numbers of affected body segments in MYCN-amplified (MNA) tumours were 5 (European cohort) and 4 (COG cohort) compared to 9 and 11, respectively, in single-copy MYCN (MYCNsc) tumours (P<0.001). Patients with exclusively focal metastases were more likely to have a MNA tumour (60 % and 70 %, respectively) than patients with the other types of metastases (23 % and 28 %, respectively; P<0.001). In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, focal metastases were associated with a better event-free and overall survival than the other types of metastases in patients with MNA tumours in the COG cohort (P<0.01). Conclusion Two metastatic patterns were found: a " limited and focal" pattern found mainly in patients with MNA neuroblastoma that correlated with prognosis, and an " extensive and diffuse" pattern found mainly in patients with MYCNsc neuroblastoma.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jacobsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Peptide ion channel toxins from the bootlace worm, the longest animal on Earth
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polypeptides from animal venoms have found important uses as drugs, pharmacological tools, and within biotechnological and agricultural applications. We here report a novel family of cystine knot peptides from nemertean worms, with potent activity on voltage-gated sodium channels. These toxins, named the alpha-nemertides, were discovered in the epidermal mucus of Lineus longissimus, the 'bootlace worm' known as the longest animal on earth. The most abundant peptide, the 31-residue long alpha-1, was isolated, synthesized, and its 3D NMR structure determined. Transcriptome analysis including 17 species revealed eight alpha-nemertides, mainly distributed in the genus Lineus. alpha-1 caused paralysis and death in green crabs (Carcinus maenas) at 1 mu g/kg (similar to 300 pmol/kg). It showed profound effect on invertebrate voltage-gated sodium channels (e.g. Blattella germanica Na(v)1) at low nanomolar concentrations. Strong selectivity for insect over human sodium channels indicates that a-nemertides can be promising candidates for development of bioinsecticidal agents.
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