| 2. |
- Elad, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
-
Topical immunomodulators for management of oral mucosal conditions, a systematic review; Part II: miscellaneous agents.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Expert opinion on emerging drugs. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1744-7623 .- 1472-8214. ; 16:1, s. 183-202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Topical immunomodulating preparations have utility in inflammatory/immune-mediated oral mucosal disease resistant to topical steroids, in immunologically mediated systemic disease with primary oral involvement or more severe lesions primarily involving the oral mucosa. AREAS COVERED: This paper is the second part of a systematic review of a variety of topical immunomodulators for management of immune/inflammatory oral mucosal conditions. The literature search revealed studies of azathioprine, benzydamine, GM-CSF and G-CSF, tetracyclines, retinoids, imiquimod, amlexanox, sirolimus and bacillus Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid. Weighted conclusions are provided for the topical use of each of the immunomodulators reviewed in the management of these oral diseases. EXPERT OPINION: Topical immunomodulators may be useful as second line treatment in several oral diseases, particularly oral lichen planus and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Benzydamine was found to be preventive in radiotherapy-induced mucositis; however, it is unclear if this outcome is related to its immunomodulating effects or other mechanisms of action. Topical application of tetracyclines and retinoic acid also shows potential anti-inflammatory actions.
|
|
