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- Juul, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Combining pressing and alkaline extraction to increase protein yield from Ulva fenestrata biomass
- 2022
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Ingår i: Food and Bioproducts Processing: Transactions of the Institution of of Chemical Engineers, Part C. - : Elsevier BV. - 1744-3571 .- 0960-3085. ; 134, s. 80-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many seaweed species have a high production potential and attract interest as future protein sources. A high fiber and ash content, however, demand extraction of the protein to improve its digestibility and protein utilization in food or feed. This study explores three different approaches for protein extraction from Ulva fenestrata in order to maximize the protein extraction yield. Soluble protein was recovered either by mechanical pressing or by homogenization and osmotic shock of the biomass followed by alkaline extraction. The soluble protein was then concentrated by isoelectric precipitation. A combined procedure was carried out by pressing the biomass and following subjecting the residual pulp fraction to homogenization, osmotic shock and alkaline extraction. The three methods were ranked as follows with respect to protein extraction yield (as % of biomass protein); the combined method (23.9 ± 0.3%)> the alkaline extraction (6.8 ± 0.2%)> mechanical pressing (5.0 ± 0.2%). The significant increase when combining the methods was ascribed to a high precipitation yield after alkaline extraction of the pulp, hypothesized to be due to a reduced conductivity of the alkali-soluble protein fraction when derived from pulp rather than whole biomass.
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- Park, S. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Novel interactions of caffeic acid with different hemoglobins: Effects on discoloration and lipid oxidation in different washed muscles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740. ; 95:1, s. 110-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caffeic acid (CA) accelerated methemoglobin (Hb) formation at pH 5.8 and 25 degrees C. This was attributed to electron donation from CA to liganded O-2 in Hb. CA inhibited hemin dissociation from metHb. Pig Hb remained mostly as oxyHb and did not promote lipid oxidation in washed cod muscle (WCM) nor washed turkey muscle (WTM) during iced storage at pH 5.8. Conversely, perch Hb rapidly was converted to metHb and readily promoted lipid oxidation based on lipid peroxide and hexanal formation. CA strongly inhibited perch Hb-mediated lipid oxidation during storage. Once metHb formation occurred in WCM, CA appeared to maintain the heme protein as metHb during the remainder of iced storage. CA may have become bound to perch Hb based on filtration analysis. CA facilitated the transfer of perch Hb (but not pig Hb) from the aqueous phase to the insoluble components of WCM. Collectively, these results suggest that CA inhibited Hb-mediated lipid oxidation by various mechanisms not related to inhibition of metHb formation
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- Thomas, Jean-Baptiste, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative environmental life cycle assessment of hatchery, cultivation, and preservation of the kelp Saccharina latissima
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ices Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 78:1, s. 451-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seaweed cultivation and processing industries could contribute to sustainable blue growth and the European bioeconomy. This article contributes a case study evaluation of environmental sustainability of preserved brown seaweed Saccharina latissima by means of environmental life cycle assessment of a pilot facility in Sweden. The study accounts for nutrient bioremediation and carbon capture and includes two alternative hatchery processes, a 2-ha longline cultivation, and four alternative preservation methods (hang-drying outdoors, heated air-cabinet drying, ensiling, and freezing). The study found that as a result of carbon capture and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake (bioremediation) by seaweed, more CO2 and PO4 equivalents are (temporarily) absorbed than emitted by the supply chain. The extent of emissions is most affected by preservation methods undertaken. Impact profiles of the supply chain show that the greatest impact shares result from freezing and air-cabinet drying, both the two most energy-intensive processes, followed by the cultivation infrastructure, highlighting strategic optimization opportunities. Hatchery processes, harvesting, and the low-energy ensilage and hang-drying outdoors were found to have relatively small impact shares. These findings presage the environmentally friendliness of seaweed-based products by documenting their potential to mitigate eutrophication and climate change, even when taking a life cycle perspective.
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- Tiwari, S., et al.
(författare)
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Design considerations and laboratory testing of power circuits for parallel operation of silicon carbide MOSFETs
- 2015
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Ingår i: 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, EPE-ECCE Europe 2015, Geneva, Switzerland, 8-10 September. - 9789075815221
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, the impact of using parallel SiC MOSFETs as the switching device is investigated. Measurement considerations for a double pulse test are discussed, and the influence of the load inductor characteristic and the voltage measurement technique on the measurement results is demonstrated. It is shown that the inductor load can produce high frequency oscillations of up to 10 % of the load current in the switching current, which can wrongly be associated with the switching device. It is also shown that the standard earth connection of passive voltage probes can induce an extra stray inductance in the measurement loop, which can lead to a measurement of an extra overvoltage of up to 50 V, which is not due to the actual switching. Moreover, the dependency of turn-on and turn-off losses on the load current and the dc-link voltage is presented. It is shown that doubling the load current would increase the switching losses more than the double amount. Therefore, use of two parallel MOSFETs instead of a single one would decrease the total switching losses for a given load current. On the other hand, the parallel configuration is shown to have a higher overvoltage than one single MOSFET for a similar load current. This, however, can be reduced by a higher gate resistance which will eventually keep the total switching loss of parallel configuration equal to the single MOSFET configuration for a given load current. Finally, it is also shown that switching losses can be greatly decreased by decreasing the gate resistance, but this leads to a higher overvoltage on the device. Therefore, the final choice for design is a compromise between the switching losses and the overvoltage.
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- Undeland, Ingrid, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Recovery of functional proteins from herring (Clupea harengus) light muscle by an acid or alkaline solubilization process.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 50, s. 7371-7379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proteins from herring (Clupea harengus) light muscle were extracted using acidic or alkaline solubilization; 92 and 89% of the initial muscle proteins were solubilized at pH 2.7 and 10.8, respectively, of which 96 and 94% were recovered during precipitation at pH 5.5. Consistency of the pH-adjusted muscle homogenates increased with increased raw material age and homogenization intensity; it declined following holding on ice. Some hydrolytic myofibrillar protein degradation occurred during cold storage of the acidified (pH 2.7) homogenates. With alkalized homogenates, hydrolysis was negligible. The total lipid content changed from 0.13 g/g of protein in the muscle to 0.04 g/g of protein in both the acid- and alkali-produced protein isolates. Corresponding values for the phospholipid content were from 0.037 to 0.02 g/g of proteins. Acid- and alkali-produced proteins made gels with equal strain and color. Stress values were equal or lower in acid- versus alkali-produced protein gels. When ice-stored raw material was used, strain and stress values of gels were reduced.
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