| 1. |
- Carlsson, Göran, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Verbal and non-verbal function of children with right- versus left-hemiplegic cerebral palsy of pre- and perinatal origin.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Developmental medicine and child neurology. - 0012-1622. ; 36:6, s. 503-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eighteen children with right- and 13 with left-sided congenital hemiplegia were compared with 19 normal age-matched controls for verbal and non-verbal function. CT scans were obtained from 27 of the 31 hemiplegic children. The two hemiplegic groups were impaired in non-verbal function compared with controls. The right-hemiplegic group was more impaired in verbal function than the left-hemiplegic group and controls; however, impairments were restricted to the girls in the right-hemiplegic group. The results are discussed in terms of cerebral plasticity and functional reorganisation of cognitive functions after an early unilateral injury. It is argued that girls with left-hemisphere lesions may be more limited in cerebral plasticity than boys.
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| 2. |
- Kollberg, Gittan, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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POLG1 mutations associated with progressive encephalopathy in childhood.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-3069 .- 1554-6578. ; 65:8, s. 758-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have identified compound heterozygous missense mutations in POLG1, encoding the mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (Pol gamma), in 7 children with progressive encephalopathy from 5 unrelated families. The clinical features in 6 of the children included psychomotor regression, refractory seizures, stroke-like episodes, hepatopathy, and ataxia compatible with Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome. Three families harbored a previously reported A467T substitution, which was found in compound with the earlier described G848S or the W748S substitution or a novel R574W substitution. Two families harbored the W748S change in compound with either of 2 novel mutations predicted to give an R232H or M1163R substitution. Muscle morphology showed mitochondrial myopathy with cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-deficient fibers in 4 patients. mtDNA analyses in muscle tissue revealed mtDNA depletion in 3 of the children and mtDNA deletions in the 2 sibling pairs. Neuropathologic investigation in 3 children revealed widespread cortical degeneration with gliosis and subcortical neuronal loss, especially in the thalamus, whereas there were only subcortical neurodegenerative findings in another child. The results support the concept that deletions as well as depletion of mtDNA are involved in the pathogenesis of Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome and add 3 new POLG1 mutations associated with an early-onset neurodegenerative disease.
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| 3. |
- Kristjánsdóttir, Ragnhildur, et al.
(författare)
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Ophthalmological abnormalities in children with cerebral white matter disorders.
- 2002
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Ingår i: European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-3798. ; 6:1, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with severe neurological impairment has defined a subgroup with increased T2-signals from cerebral white matter. The causes of white matter abnormalities are for the most part unknown, despite extensive investigation. Their clinical correlates and characteristics have still to be systematically analysed and described. We have compared clinical, ophthalmological and electro-ophthalmological findings in such children to delineate neurological and MRI patterns and have sought to correlate with the progression of disease. Clinical and electro-ophthalmological investigations were performed in 26 children with cerebral white matter abnormalities of unknown aetiology; 25 of the 26 children showed abnormalities, 23 clinical and 18 electro-ophthalmological. Optic nerve abnormalities, severe visual impairment and strabismus were the most common. Electro-ophthalmological abnormalities were increased latencies and abnormal waveform of the visual evoked potentials (VEP). Children with progressive disease all had abnormal VEP, whereas none of the ten children with a normal VEP deteriorated. We conclude that children with cerebral white matter abnormalities almost invariably had ophthalmological and often VEP abnormalities. Normal VEP was correlated with non-progressive disorder, as was hypoplasia or malformation of the papilla, whereas abnormal VEP were associated with progressive disease.
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| 4. |
- Lindquist, Barbro, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive functions in children with myelomeningocele without hydrocephalus.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-0350. ; 25:8, s. 969-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the separate effects of myelomeningocele (MMC) and hydrocephalus on intelligence and neuropsychological functions in a population-based series of children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of the 69 children with MMC born in 1992-1999 in western Sweden, nine did not develop hydrocephalus. Eight of them participated in this study and were compared with age- and gender-matched children with MMC in combination with hydrocephalus and with controls. RESULTS: Children with only MMC had an IQ of 103 compared with 75 in those with hydrocephalus added to the MMC and they had significantly better immediate and long-term memory and executive functions. When compared with controls, they had difficulty with learning and executive functions, but when the two children with an IQ of <70 were excluded, those with only MMC performed just as well as the controls. CONCLUSION: Hydrocephalus rather than MMC in itself appeared to cause the cognitive deficits found in children with MMC.
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| 5. |
- Lindquist, Barbro, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Learning, memory and executive functions in children with hydrocephalus.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 97:5, s. 596-601
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To explore learning, memory and executive abilities in children with hydrocephalus without learning disabilities, and to find out whether children with an isolated hydrocephalus differed from those with hydrocephalus in combination with myelomeningocele (MMC). METHODS: Thirty-six children with an intelligence quotient (IQ) of >or=70 from a population of all the 107 children with hydrocephalus born in western Sweden in 1989-1993 were examined and compared with age- and gender-matched controls. The neuropsychological assessment of the school-aged child (NIMES) test battery was used. RESULTS: The children with hydrocephalus differed significantly from controls in all functions apart from registration skills and recognition. Learning, memory and executive functions were all impaired. Twenty children with infantile hydrocephalus did not differ from those with hydrocephalus associated with MMC. Also, children with an IQ of >84 performed significantly worse than controls. CONCLUSIONS: Despite an IQ of >or=70, children with hydrocephalus had significantly impaired learning, memory and executive functions. When major brain lesions resulting in learning disability had been excluded, the hydrocephalus, rather than the underlying aetiology, was most important for the development of cognitive functions.
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| 6. |
- Sjöström, Anders, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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The light-flash-evoked response as a possible indicator of increased intracranial pressure in hydrocephalus.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. - 0256-7040. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgical treatment of infantile hydrocephalus by shunt implantation may result in suboptimal intracranial pressure. Major neurological impairments and death are usually prevented by shunt treatment, but minor sequelae may persist or develop. The introduction of adjustable shunts has improved the possibilities of optimizing shunt function and minimizing the risk of such impairments. However, it is still impossible to determine the intracranial pressure without invasive measurements. Clinical findings and procedures such as computed tomography (CT) are not always enough to allow a conclusion as to whether a child's signs and symptoms are the result of suboptimal intracranial pressure (shunt dysfunction) or are of another etiology. With the aim of reducing the number of invasive pressure measurements and CT scans, we investigated the effect of increased intracranial pressure on the visual evoked response (VER). Binocular light flash stimuli of supramaximal intensity were used and VER recordings were performed from Oz and Cz. The VER results from a group of 31 infants and children with hydrocephalus and 2 children with pseudotumor cerebri were compared with responses from a control group of 35 healthy children. The results show that a subpotential, P' (P-prime), usually just preceding P1 (P100), had an increased latency ( > 96 ms) in all hydrocephalic children before surgery. The P' latency in this group was usually even above 110 ms. The latencies of other VER potentials were also increased but not as consistently as P'. After surgical intervention the VER latencies decreased and usually normalized. The P' latency in four children in the control group was just above the borderline latency, but was less than 110 ms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 7. |
- Viggedal, Gerd, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Intelligence two years after epilepsy surgery in children.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-5050. ; 29:3, s. 565-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intelligence before and two years after epilepsy surgery was assessed in 94 children and adolescents and related to preoperative IQ and seizure outcome. The median full-scale IQ was 70 before and two years after surgery. The proportion with a higher or unchanged postoperative IQ was 24 of 49 (49%) of those with an IQ of 70 and more before surgery, nine of 17 (53%) of those with an IQ of 50-69, and ten of 28 (36%) of those with an IQ of less than 50. A significant difference was found between the 47 individuals who became seizure-free and the 47 with persisting seizures, as 60% of the seizure-free children had a higher or unchanged IQ compared with 32% of the 47 who were not seizure-free. The cognitive outcome of children with intellectual disabilities was as good as that of children with average IQ. Thus, they should not be excluded from epilepsy surgery on the basis of low intellectual level.
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| 8. |
- Annika, Johansson, et al.
(författare)
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Obstetric brachial plexus palsy - A prospective, population-based study of incidence, recovery and long-term residual impairment at 10 to 12 years of age.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2130. ; 23:1, s. 87-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To assess the long-term outcome and evaluate prognostic factors in obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP).Of all 114 children with OBPP born in western Sweden in 1999-2001, 98 (61 males, 37 females) were invited to participate. A questionnaire on the symptoms of the OBPP was sent out and those with persisting symptoms were examined in terms of muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), activities of daily living (ADL), pain and sensibility at the age of 10-12years. Contact was made by 87 children.The incidence of persisting OBPP at 10-12 years of age was calculated as 19 per 38,749 live births or 0.49 per 1000. Symptoms were reduced muscle strength and ROM in the arm. Eight children reported pain, four had impaired sensibility and ten children described some difficulties in ADL. Muscle strength in forearm supination, shoulder external rotation and elbow flexion at three months of age can be used to predict outcome.Most children with an OBPP recover completely, but one in five has symptoms of the injury at 10-12 years of age. Muscle strength in the arm at three months of age can be used to predict outcome.
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| 9. |
- Aring, Eva, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Strabismus, binocular functions and ocular motility in children with hydrocephalus.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Strabismus. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0927-3972 .- 1744-5132. ; 15:2, s. 79-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate heterotropia, heterophoria, head posture, nystagmus, stereo acuity, ocular motility and near point of convergence (NPC) in children with hydrocephalus treated surgically before 1 year of age. In addition, the effects of being born with hydrocephalus, the effect of the etiology of hydrocephalus, number of shunt revisions and the size of the ventricles on these variables were studied. METHODS: A population-based study was performed in 75 children and the results were compared with the results of an age- and sex-matched group (comp group) (n = 140). RESULTS: Heterotropia 68.9% (comp group 3.6%; p < 0.001), abnormal head posture 41.3% (comp group 0; p < 0.001), nystagmus 44.0% (comp group 0; p < 0.001), stereo acuity < or =60'' 33.8% (comp group 97.1%; p < 0.001) and ocular motility defects 69.7% (comp group 0.7%; p < 0.001) were more common among children with hydrocephalus than in the comparison group. Children with overt hydrocephalus at birth had significantly more heterotropia (p = 0.0006), esotropia (p = 0.002), abnormal head posture (p = 0.02) and motility defects (p = 0.003) compared to those with hydrocephalus developing during the first year of life. The etiology, number of shunt revisions and the size of the ventricles had no significant effect on any of the investigated variables. CONCLUSIONS: Children with hydrocephalus surgically treated before the age of one year commonly present orthoptic abnormalities. The etiology of hydrocephalus, number of shunt revisions and ventricle size seem to be of minor importance compared with the age of onset of hydrocephalus with regard to the risk for orthoptic abnormalities.
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| 10. |
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