| 1. |
- Gholami, Soheila, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring genetic variations in threatened medicinal orchids using start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism and marker-association with seed morphometric traits
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. - : Springer Nature. - 0971-5894 .- 0974-0430. ; 27:4, s. 769-785
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to study the genetic diversity and population structure of eight Iranian terrestrial orchid species, including Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon and M. W. Chase, Dactylorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski, Himantoglossum affine (Boiss.) Schltr., Orchis collina Banks and Solander, Orchis mascula (L.) L., Orchis simia Lam., Ophrys schulzei Bornm. and Fleischm., and Ophrys straussii H. Fleischm. and Bornm. using start target codon markers (SCoT) and finding markers associated with seed morphometric traits. A total of 254 reproducible SCoT fragments were generated, of which 248 fragments were polymorphic (average polymorphism of 96.18%). The SCoT markers showed a narrow range of polymorphism information content (PIC) varied from 0.397 for S9 primer to 0.499 for S11 and S20 primers. Based on the population analysis results, the Orchis simia accessions collected from Paveh region (Os.P) represented the lowest observed number of alleles (Na) (1.13) and effective number of alleles (Ne) (1.09). At the same time, the highest Na (1.29) and Ne (1.18) values were obtained in O. schulzei collected from Javanrood (Oyst.JA). Shannon's information index (I) was ranged from 0.03 for D. umbrosa accessions collected from Marivan (Du.M population) to 0.263 for Ha.Ja population (H. affine accessions collected from Javanrood). The UPGMA dendrogram obtained with the Jaccard similarity coefficient (r = 0.97295) divided 97 studied terrestrial orchid accessions into eight groups mainly based on species type and geographical origin. Based on the Bayesian statistical index, the highest probability of the data was achieved when accessions were divided into eight groups (K = 8). Multiple association analysis (MRA) revealed significant associations between some of SCoT bands with seed morphometric traits. Our findings can be useful for germplasm characterization, conservation, and improvement of Iranian terrestrial orchid species.
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| 2. |
- Gholami, Soheila, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular characterization of endangered Iranian terrestrial orchids using ISSR markers and association with floral and tuber-related phenotypic traits
- 2021
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Ingår i: PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS. - : Springer. - 0971-5894 .- 0974-0430. ; 27:1, s. 53-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to study the genetic diversity, population structure, and phylogeny of Iranian orchids using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers to find markers associated with phenotypic traits. Based on the phenotypic analysis, the inflorescence length and the flower number of studied accessions ranged from 3.92 to 27.13 cm and 5 to 50, respectively. On the other hand, the tuber length ranged from 1.80 to 9.35 cm. A total of 310 reproducible ISSR fragments with a size range of 150 to 3000 bp were amplified. ISSR primers provided an average polymorphism information content of 0.391, varied from 0.488 for UBC-876 to 0.351 for UBC-842. Os.J population showed the lowest genetic diversity (H = 0.057 and I = 0.075), while Oyst.JA population showed the highest genetic diversity (H = 0.114 and I = 0.158). At species level, the average coefficient of genetic differentiation (G(ST)) ranged from 0.265 for Orchis simia to 0.587 for Himantoglossum affine. Gene flow (Nm) varied from 1.38 (O. simia) to 0.756 (Anacamptis collina). The UPGMA genetic similarity dendrogram using Jaccard coefficients (r = 0.973) revealed six main clusters. Based on the Bayesian clustering method, the highest probability of the data was achieved when accessions were divided into eight groups. Floral and tuber-related phenotypic traits represented high correlations together, and they were associated with some ISSR bands based on the multiple association analysis. Altogether, ISSR markers proved to be useful for discrimination and clarification of the relationships among species and populations collected from geographically different locations. Furthermore, it could identify the polymorphism among accessions within each population and species.
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| 3. |
- Vafaee, Yavar, et al.
(författare)
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Phenotypic characterization and seed-micromorphology diversity of the threatened terrestrial orchids : implications for conservation
- 2021
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Ingår i: South African Journal of Botany. - : Elsevier. - 0254-6299 .- 1727-9321. ; 137, s. 386-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the current study, phenotypic and seed-micromorphology variability of 106 accessions from Dactlorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski, Himantoglossum affine (Boiss.) Schltr., Orchis mascula (L.) L., Orchis simia Lam., Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, Ophrys schulzei Bornm. & Fleischm., Ophrys straussii Fleischm. & Bornm., and Orchis collina Sol. ex Russ. species was evaluated. Most of the evaluated traits represented coefficient variations (CV) <30% mainly for economically valuable traits including inflorescence length, flower number, flowering duration, tuber fresh weight, and tuber dry weight. The highest mean value for tuber width (5.61 ± 1.43 cm), tuber length (7.36 ± 1.27 cm), tuber fresh weight (23.38 ± 4.84 g), and tuber dry weight (2.80 ± 0.40 g) was recorded in Ha.JA population belonged to H. affine. The thickest (260.2 ± 1.50 µm) and the thinnest seeds (150.12 ± 9.29 µm) belonged to Os.P population belonged to O. simia and Du.M population belonged to D. umbrosa, respectively. There were highly significant positive or negative correlations between flower, inflorescence, and tuber characteristics. In this regard, the fruit set percentage was positively correlated with flower number (r = 0.36) and flowering date (r = 0.57). Tuber fresh weight was positively correlated with leaf number (r = 0.66), root length (r = 0.77), and root number (r = 0.63). Furthermore, the principal components with eigenvalue more than 0.45 were defined as being significant where eight components explained more than 93.33% of the total variance. The Ward dendrogram based on the Euclidean distance distinguished six distinct groups where accessions within O. collina, H. affine, O. coriophora, and D. umbrosa were placed in I, II, III, and V clusters, respectively. On the other hand, the accessions within O. schulzei and O. straussii formed cluster IV, while the accessions within O. simia and O. mascula were grouped into cluster VI, respectively. Overall, morphological traits at whole plant scale combined with seed-micromorphology characters not only could discriminate and clarify the relationships among the species and their populations collected from geographically different locations but also they could identify the diversity among the accessions within each population and species.
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