| 1. |
- Rumpunen, Kimmo, et al.
(författare)
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Polyphenolic Compounds in Blackcurrants
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; 946, s. 113-118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the project "Core collection of Northern European gene pool of Ribes - RIBESCO" (AGRI GEN RES 071) we aimed at identifying valuable plant material for efficient conservation and shared responsibilities among participating countries. The objective of the present study was to screen and evaluate Ribes genotypes, kept at Balsgard in south Sweden, for content of important phenols. We studied major catechins and anthocyanins by HPLC-EIS-MS. The analysis revealed a large variation among the 21 accessions for every phenolic compound studied. Thus the coefficient of variation was 28% for epicatechin, 39% for epigallocatechin, 40% for catechin, 12% for cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, 22% for delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside, 39% for delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, 45% for cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and 56% for peonidin-3-O-rutinoside. The variation among accessions in total catechins (34%) was considerably larger than the variation in total anthocyanins (14%). Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses discriminated particularly well between accessions for single phenolic compounds of total catechins and anthocyanins for cultivars sampled during two years. The multivariate analyses based on these phenolic compounds successfully discriminated between diverse plant material. This technique will be useful for analysis of future core collections when data is available from a single year or from a single plant.
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| 2. |
- Vagiri, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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An Optimized Method for Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Buds, Leaves, and Fruits of Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 60, s. 10501-10510
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the fruits are the economic driver for the black currant industry, the buds and leaves are excellent sources of beneficial phenolic compounds that may contribute to the future value of the crop. In this study, extraction of phenolic compounds for different parts of the black currant plant was optimized, and an efficient method for their separation by HPLC was developed. This allowed the simultaneous quantification of a range of hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, and anthocyanins by DAD following their identification by HPLC-ESI-MSn. A total of 23 compounds were detected in the buds, 22 of which were found in fruit and leaves. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of flavonol glycosides of quercetin, myricetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol along with hydroxycinnamic acids such as neo-chlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid in the buds. Additionally, we provide the first evidence of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside in black currant leaves. This approach offers avenues for superior combined compositional identification and cultivar selection targeted at the generation of polyphenol-rich products derived from the whole crop and not just the fruit.
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| 3. |
- Vagiri, Michael
(författare)
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Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) - an insight into the crop : a synopsis of a phd study
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is an increasing interest in the inclusion of berries, especially the black currant in the human diet mainly for the health benefits associated with their consumption. Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) belonging to the genus Ribes is widely cultivated across temperate Europe, Russia, New Zealand, parts of Asia and to a lesser extent North America. Besides high content of tasty juice, black currant is a valuable source of bioactive compounds like vitamin C and polyphenols, acting as antioxidants, with a potential to protect against disorders such as cardiovascular events, cancer and other degenerative symptoms. Industrially, black currant fruits are considered to be of importance; however other anatomical parts like buds and leaves are also excellent sources of phenolic compounds. The leaf and bud extracts are of relevance as raw material for the food and health industry thereby making black currant a lucrative product for use as functional food ingredient. Research until now has investigated the content of different polyphenolic fractions of the fruits and to lesser extent on content of these fractions on plant parts like buds and leaves. The breeding of black currant is mainly focussed on national and international requirements, as related to specific quality desired from the processing sector alongside with important agronomic characters. Black currant cultivation is in different areas limited by a lack of climate adaptation in the existing cultivars as well as susceptibility of these cultivars to different pests and diseases. Also, the levels of bioactive compounds in black currant like content of ascorbic acid and polyphenols are influenced by genotype, environment and genotype x environment interactions. Durable resistance towards damaging pest and diseases together with an increase in content of health promoting compounds and adaptability to local climates remain to be of high priority for breeders. Additionally flavour, mouth feel, aroma and after taste are important primary quality factors for the fresh fruit market and juice industry. This introductory paper focuses on the history of development and biology of black currant; their ecology and environmental adaptability; crop utilisation; bioactive compounds, genetic, biochemical and phenotypic diversity. The breeding objectives and important pest and diseases are also presented. This paper is an attempt to review important work that has been done so far and the background literature, whilst providing the scope for the current PhD study
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| 4. |
- Vagiri, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Health Promoting Compounds in Black Currants - the Start of a Study Concerning Ontogenetic and Genetic Effects
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; 946, s. 427-431
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many parts of black currant plants (buds, leaves and fruits) are rich sources of phenolic compounds with potential health promoting properties. For this reason we have started a project to investigate the ontogenetic, genetic and environmental effects on the content of specific phenolic compounds. Extraction, identification and analysis of phenolic compounds from different black currant plant organs have been optimized considering the extraction method and HPLC-DAD analysis. The compounds were identified and quantified using HPLC-ESI-MS characteristics and commercial standards. Here the variation in content of phenolic compounds in buds collected during one season is presented. The results show that swollen buds collected in March had highest content of phenolics with rutin, epicatechins and kaempferols being dominant, whereas the content of chlorogenic acid was very low through out the season.
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| 5. |
- Vagiri, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Major phenolic compounds in black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) buds: Variation due to genotype, ontogenetic stage and location
- 2015
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Ingår i: Food Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0023-6438 .- 1096-1127. ; 63, s. 1274-1280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Black currant buds are rich in phenolic compounds and are used as raw material in the food and health industry. The variation in content of major phenolic compounds due to genotype, ontogenetic stage, location and season were studied in buds of five genotypes over three years at two widely separated locations in Sweden. Regression analyses revealed the effect of season to be considerably larger than that of genotype, ontogenetic stage and location. Interactions were significant for most parameters. Principal component analysis revealed that seasonal differences were important in the north of Sweden, while genotypic effects were important in the south of Sweden. The content of several phenolic compounds decreased from dormancy to bud break, while catechin and kaempferol-malonylglucoside increased significantly. The content of myricetin-malonylglucoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-galactoside and quercetin-3-O-glucoside decreased significantly at bud swell, and thereafter remained stable till bud break. Some genotypes responded differently across ontogenetic stages in different growing locations. Production of black currant buds should therefore be well planned to enhance the content of relevant phenolic compounds for food and health products. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Vagiri, Michael
(författare)
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Phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid in black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) : variation due to genotype, ontogenetic stage, harvest date and location
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Black currant is an edible soft fruit crop that is now attracting increased scientific attention due to its high content of potentially beneficial phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid. Using HPLC and spectrophotometry, this thesis examined the content of phenolic compounds in buds, leaves and fruits of black currant plants grown in southern and northern Sweden. In addition, the content of ascorbic acid, soluble solids, titratable acidity and total anthocyanins were studied in the fruits. Differences due to genotype, ontogenetic stage, harvest date and location were determined. The genotypes 'Ben Finlay', 'Poesia' and 'JHI 8944-13' had the highest content of several compounds in both buds and fruits. Among the different bud ontogenetic stages, dormant buds had the highest content of total phenols. In the leaves, the content of phenolic compounds generally varied depending on the position of the leaf on the shoot and on harvest date. A higher content of total phenols was recorded late in the season, except in the basal leaves. Black currant fruits grown in the south had higher contents of most phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and soluble solids than those grown in northern Sweden. Buds picked from plants grown in the north had higher content of flavan-3-ols, phenolic acids and several flavonols than buds from the south. In conclusion, proper selection of genotype and location for cultivation is essential for promoting the food and health attributes of black currant. Moreover, knowledge related to influence of ontogenetic stage and harvest time on content of specific bioactive compounds in black currant could help tailor functional foods or pharmaceutical products. Black currant production could thereby be carefully planned to enhance the content of specific compounds for product optimisation.
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| 7. |
- Vagiri, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Phenolic compounds in black currant leaves - an interaction between the plant and foliar diseases?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Plant Interactions. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1742-9145 .- 1742-9153. ; 12, s. 193-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interactions between phenolic compounds in black currant leaves and foliar diseases may be important in breeding for resistant genotypes with a nutritional high profile for human applications. For increased understanding of such interactions, we evaluated the presence of major fungal diseases by visual inspection, and content of phenolic compounds by HPLC in leaves of five segregating black currant breeding populations. Eight individual flavonols (e. g. quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and kaempferol-malonylgucoside), three flavan-3-ols (epigallocatechin, catechin and epicatechin) and two chlorogenic acids (neochlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid) were significantly correlated to the leaf diseases. Rib-0701 was the population possessing the highest content for several of the compounds, while genotype differences existed for content of various phenolic compounds and resistance to the diseases. The high variability of content of phenolic compounds opens up for opportunities to breed resistant genotypes with improved health properties of the leaves for functional food products.
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| 8. |
- Vagiri, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Phenolic compounds in blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) leaves relative to leaf position and harvest date
- 2015
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 172, s. 135-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blackcurrant leaves are an essential source of phenolic compounds and this study investigated their variation relative to leaf positions and harvest date. The phenolic content varied between harvest dates, although leaf position on the shoot and interactions also played an important role. The contents of quercetin-malonyl-glucoside, kaempferol-malonyl-glucoside isomer and kaempferol-malonyl-glucoside were higher than that of the other identified phenolic compounds, whereas epigallocatechin was the lowest for all investigated leaf positions and harvest dates. The content of several of the compounds was highest in June, while quercetin-glucoside, kaempferol-glucoside and total phenols, increased towards the end of the season. Leaf position influenced the content of myricetin-malonyl-glucoside, myricetin-malonyl-glucoside isomer, quercetin-malonyl-glucoside and kaempferol-glucoside at the end of the season. Knowledge relating to the influence of ontogenetic and harvest time on the content of specific phenolic compounds might contribute in tailoring functional foods or pharmaceutical products using blackcurrant leaves as natural ingredients. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Vagiri, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Phenols and Ascorbic Acid in Black Currants (Ribes nigrum L.): Variation Due to Genotype, Location, and Year
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 61, s. 9298-9306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Black currant berries contain many biochemical compounds with proven or potential human health benefits. We studied the content of total and single polyphenols, ascorbic acid, soluble sugars, and titratable acidity for two advanced selections and three cultivars of black currant at two distant locations in Sweden (south: 56 degrees 06'N; north: 65 degrees 21'N) over a 3 year period. Regression analyses revealed the effect of genotype to be considerably larger than that of location and year However, significant effects of location, year, and interactions were also revealed. A principal component analysis nevertheless separated the genotypes. The content of ascorbic acid, total phenols, total anthocyanins, and soluble sugars was highest in berries from the south, whereas the content of phenolic acids and titratable acidity was highest in berries from the north. The results show that selection of cultivars and production sites are important for cultivation of high-quality black currant raw material for health-promoting products.
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| 10. |
- Vagiri, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Quality traits in black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) as affected by genotype and location
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; 117, s. 207-211
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Black currants are favoured for their tasty juice, rich colour and intense flavour and they are also rich sources of different phytochemicals with health promoting properties. In the present study ascorbic acid, total phenols, total anthocyanins, soluble solids and titratable acidity were quantified in five black currant genotypes grown in the north and south of Sweden over a three-year period. Remarkable variation between the genotypes for the different traits was revealed. For ascorbic acid, a 3-fold difference and for total phenols, a 2-fold difference, were observed. Although, the content of ascorbic acid and soluble solids were found to be genetically determined, growing location influenced cultivars 'Ben Finlay', 'Poesia' and 'Titania', with higher levels recorded in the south as compared to the same genotypes grown in the north. Also for total phenols and titratable acidity genotypic effects were more pronounced than that of location and year, whereas location was most important for the total anthocyanin content.
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