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| 2. |
- Byrne, P. K., et al.
(författare)
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A sagging-spreading continuum of large volcano structure
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geology. - 0091-7613 .- 1943-2682. ; 41:3, s. 339-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gravitational deformation strongly influences the structure and eruptive behavior of large volcanoes. Using scaled analog models, we characterize a range of structural architectures produced by volcano sagging and volcano spreading. These arise from the interplay of variable basement rigidity and volcano-basement (de-)coupling. From comparison to volcanoes on Earth (La Reunion and Hawaii) and Mars (Elysium and Olympus Montes), the models highlight a structural continuum in which large volcanoes throughout the Solar System lie.
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| 3. |
- Byrne, P.K., et al.
(författare)
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A Volcanotectonic Survey of Ascraeus Mons, Mars
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ascraeus Mons is one of the largest volcanoes on Mars. It is replete with well-preserved features that can be used to understand its volcanotectonic evolution. Previous studies of this volcano focused on specific features, and were limited by the quality and coverage of contemporary data. Our objective is to review and enhance the existing developmental model for Ascraeus by considering all endogenic surface features on the volcano. We surveyed the volcano's caldera complex, flank terraces, pit structures, sinuous rilles, arcuate grabens, and small vents. We report the spatial and temporal distributions of these features, appraise their proposed formation mechanisms in light of our mapping results, and propose a detailed geological history for Ascraeus Mons. An initial shield-building phase was followed by the formation of a summit caldera complex and small parasitic cones, while compression due to flexure of the supporting basement led to extensive terracing of the shield flanks. An eruptive hiatus followed, ending with the construction of expansive rift aprons to the northeast and southwest. Against later, extensive flank resurfacing in the late Amazonian, continued flexure formed arcuate grabens concentric to the edifice. Localized eruption and surface flow of a fluid agent (lava and/or water) from within the volcano then produced a population of rilles on the lower flanks. Finally, in a change of flank tectonic regime from compression to extension, pit crater chains and troughs developed on the main shield and rift aprons, eventually coalescing to form large embayments at the northeast and southwest base of the volcano.
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| 4. |
- Dagnegård, H.H., et al.
(författare)
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Survival after aortic root replacement with a stentless xenograft is determined by patient characteristics
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Mosby Inc.; Elsevier Inc.. - 0022-5223 .- 1097-685X. ; 164:6, s. 1712-1724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Our objective was to examine intermediate-term survival and reinterventions in unselected patients, stratified according to indication, who received a Freestyle (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, Minn) bioprosthesis as a full aortic root replacement. Methods: Data from medical records were retrospectively collected for patients who had aortic root replacement using Freestyle bioprostheses between 1999 and 2018 at 6 North-Atlantic centers. Survival status was extracted from national registries and results stratified according to indication for surgery. Results: We included 1030 implantations in 1008 patients with elective indications for surgery: aneurysm (39.8%), small root (8.3%), and other (13.8%), and urgent/emergent indications: endocarditis (26.7%) and Stanford type A aortic dissection (11.4%). Across indications, 46.3% were nonelective cases and 34.0% were reoperations. Median age was 66.0 (interquartile range, 58.0-71.8) years and median follow-up was 5.0 (interquartile range, 2.6-7.9) years. Thirty-day mortality varied from 2.9% to 27.4% depending on indication. Intermediate survival for 90-day survivors with elective indications were not different from the general population standardized for age and sex (P = .95, 83, and .16 for aneurysms, small roots, and other, respectively). In contrast, patients with endocarditis and type A dissection had excess mortality (P < .001). Freedom from valve reinterventions was 95.0% and 94.4% at 5 and 8 years, respectively. In all, 52 patients (5.2%) underwent reinterventions, most because of endocarditis. Conclusions: At intermediate term follow-up this retrospective study provides further support for the use of the Freestyle bioprosthesis in the real-world setting of diverse, complex, and often high-risk aortic root replacement and suggests that outcome is determined by patient and disease, rather than by prosthesis, characteristics. © 2021 The Authors
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| 5. |
- Simonsen, C. Z., et al.
(författare)
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General anesthesia during endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke: benefits beyond better reperfusion?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery. - : BMJ. - 1759-8478 .- 1759-8486. ; 14:8, s. 767-771
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Endovascular therapy (EVT) is standard of care for stroke caused by large vessel occlusion. Whether EVT should be performed under general anesthesia (GA) or conscious sedation (CS) is controversial. While a meta-analysis of randomized trials showed better outcome for EVT under GA, observational studies suggested the opposite. A proposed advantage of GA is better reperfusion achieved via more successful handling of the immobile patient. The aim of this study was to investigate if the good outcome seen in patients treated under GA was mediated by better reperfusion. Methods The meta-analysis included 368 individual patients from three randomized controlled trials, of whom 185 patients were randomized to CS. A mediator analysis was performed to examine if the better outcome in the GA arm was driven by higher reperfusion rate. Results The total effect showed a risk difference (RD) of 0.15 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.25), associating GA with a beneficial outcome. The direct effect of GA constituted a large portion, with an RD of 0.12 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.22), while only a small portion was mediated through the degree of reperfusion, with an RD of 0.03 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.04). Conclusion The better outcome after EVT in the GA arm was mainly a direct effect-that is, an effect that was not explained by better reperfusion. We also found a better outcome in the GA arm when reperfusion was not achieved. Whether this is an effect of the stable condition and blood pressure under GA or a neuroprotective effect will need to be investigated in future research.
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