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- Minelli, Caterina, et al.
(författare)
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Versailles project on advanced materials and standards (VAMAS) interlaboratory study on measuring the number concentration of colloidal gold nanoparticles
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3372 .- 2040-3364. ; 14, s. 4690-4704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the outcome of a large international interlaboratory study of the measurement of particle number concentration of colloidal nanoparticles, project 10 of the technical working area 34, "Nanoparticle Populations" of the Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards (VAMAS). A total of 50 laboratories delivered results for the number concentration of 30 nm gold colloidal nanoparticles measured using particle tracking analysis (PTA), single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) light spectroscopy, centrifugal liquid sedimentation (CLS) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The study provides quantitative data to evaluate the repeatability of these methods and their reproducibility in the measurement of number concentration of model nanoparticle systems following a common measurement protocol. We find that the population-averaging methods of SAXS, CLS and UV-Vis have high measurement repeatability and reproducibility, with between-labs variability of 2.6%, 11% and 1.4% respectively. However, results may be significantly biased for reasons including inaccurate material properties whose values are used to compute the number concentration. Particle-counting method results are less reproducibile than population-averaging methods, with measured between-labs variability of 68% and 46% for PTA and spICP-MS respectively. This study provides the stakeholder community with important comparative data to underpin measurement reproducibility and method validation for number concentration of nanoparticles.
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- Lammel, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Trophic transfer of CuO NPs from sediment to worms (Tubifex tubifex) to fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus): a comparative study of dissolved Cu and NPs enriched with a stable isotope tracer (Cu-65)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Science-Nano. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2051-8153 .- 2051-8161. ; 7:8, s. 2360-2372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal nanoparticles (NPs) released into the aquatic environment will likely accumulate in sediment and be available for sediment-dwelling invertebrates that serve as food for other organisms, such as fish. The aim of the present study was to investigate trophic transfer of copper oxide (CuO) NPs and dissolved Cu (CuCl2) from natural sediment to the sediment-dwelling worm Tubifex tubifex, and then to the predatory fish Gasterosteus aculeatus (three-spined stickleback). Cu enriched in the stable isotope Cu-65 was used to increase detection and discriminate newly added/assimilated Cu from background Cu levels. Worms were exposed to sediment spiked with (CuCl2)-Cu-65 or (CuO)-Cu-65 NPs (similar to 20 nm) at environmentally relevant concentrations for 7 days and subsequently fed to fish for 7 days. Worms accumulated Cu-65 during sediment exposure to both (CuCl2)-Cu-65 and (CuO)-Cu-65 NPs (0.7 and 1.1 mu g Cu-65 per g dw tissue, respectively), resulting in Cu-65 body burdens significantly different from control. Furthermore, significantly more Cu-65 was released from the sediment into the overlying water in the 65 CuO NP exposures compared to the (CuCl2)-Cu-65 exposures. Cu-65 accumulation in fish feeding on (CuCl2)-Cu-65 and (CuO)-Cu-65 NP-exposed worms was limited (intestinal tissue: 80 and 65 ng g(-1) dw; fish carcass: 7 and 10 ng g(-1) dw, and liver: 50 and 10 ng g(-1) dw, respectively). Glutathione peroxidase (gpx) mRNA expression was significantly higher in fish feeding on (CuCl2)-Cu-65-exposed worms compared to (CuO)-Cu-65 NP-exposed worms (though Cu-65 tissue concentrations were similar). No significant effects were detected for the other investigated genes (ctr1, mta, gcl, gr, sod, cat, zo-1). Our results show that NP-derived Cu can enter freshwater food webs, but bioaccumulation and trophic transfer under environmentally realistic exposures is low (detectable with a tracer) and not different from that of dissolved Cu.
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