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- Ballantyne, Kaye N., et al.
(författare)
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Toward Male Individualization with Rapidly Mutating Y-Chromosomal Short Tandem Repeats
- 2014
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Ingår i: Human Mutation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1059-7794 .- 1098-1004. ; 35:8, s. 1021-1032
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relevant for various areas of human genetics, Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are commonly used for testing close paternal relationships among individuals and populations, and for male lineage identification. However, even the widely used 17-loci Yfiler set cannot resolve individuals and populations completely. Here, 52 centers generated quality-controlled data of 13 rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs in 14,644 related and unrelated males from 111 worldwide populations. Strikingly, greater than99% of the 12,272 unrelated males were completely individualized. Haplotype diversity was extremely high (global: 0.9999985, regional: 0.99836-0.9999988). Haplotype sharing between populations was almost absent except for six (0.05%) of the 12,156 haplotypes. Haplotype sharing within populations was generally rare (0.8% nonunique haplotypes), significantly lower in urban (0.9%) than rural (2.1%) and highest in endogamous groups (14.3%). Analysis of molecular variance revealed 99.98% of variation within populations, 0.018% among populations within groups, and 0.002% among groups. Of the 2,372 newly and 156 previously typed male relative pairs, 29% were differentiated including 27% of the 2,378 father-son pairs. Relative to Yfiler, haplotype diversity was increased in 86% of the populations tested and overall male relative differentiation was raised by 23.5%. Our study demonstrates the value of RMY-STRs in identifying and separating unrelated and related males and provides a reference database.
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| 4. |
- Lindmark-Henriksson, Marica, et al.
(författare)
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Transformation of alpha-pinene using Picea abies suspension culture
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Natural Products. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0163-3864 .- 1520-6025. ; 66:3, s. 337-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- alpha-Pinene, both as the pure enantiomers and as the racemate, was transformed mainly to trans-verbenol by treatment with a Picea abies suspension cell culture. These reactions were followed by a slow transformation of the verbenol to verbenone, which was not transformed further. trans-Pinocarveol, myrtenol, cis-verbenol, and alpha-terpineol were byproducts of intermediate abundance. When subjected to the action of the suspension culture, cis-verbenol was not only transformed to verbenone but also isomerized to trans-verbenol. The transformation of alpha-pinene was fast, and the products were detected within one minute. The absolute configuration of the major products corresponded to that of the starting alpha-pinene enantiomer
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| 5. |
- Lindmark Henriksson, Marica, et al.
(författare)
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Transformation of terpenes using a Picea abies suspension culture
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-1656 .- 1873-4863. ; 107:2, s. 173-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When subjected to a Picea abies suspension cell culture, beta-pinene, either one of the pure enantiomers or the racemate, was transformed mainly to trans-pinocarveol along with the minor products myrtenol, alpha-terpineol, pinocarvone, myrtenal and cis-pinocarveol. The absolute configuration of the major products corresponded to that of the starting beta-pinene enantiomer. Some of the primary transformation products, i.e. (1S)-cis- and (1S)-trans-pinocarveol, (1R)-myrtenol and (4S)-alpha-terpineol, were also tested as substrates of the P. abies suspension culture. They reacted more slowly than beta-pinene but, except for (4S)-alpha-terpineol, they were all transformed. Thus, (1R)-myrtenol was converted into both (1R)-myrtenal and (1R)-myrtanol, whereas (1S)-trans-pinocarveol was converted into (1S)-pinocarvone. (4R)-Limonene was slowly transformed by the suspension culture into limonene-(1,2)-epoxide as the major product, with carveol, perillyl alcohol and 1,8-cineole as minor products. Autoxidation of terpenes in cell-free nutrient medium was investigated in detail. alpha-Pinene and beta-pinene were both autoxidized to a certain extent, while limonene remained unaffected. The rate of the autoxidation was more than one order of magnitude slower than that of the biotransformation. Moreover, different products were formed by autoxidation than by biotransformation.
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| 6. |
- Schwitzguébel, Jean-Paul, et al.
(författare)
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From green to clean: A promising and sustainable approach towards environmental remediation and human health for the 21st century
- 2009
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Ingår i: Agrochimica. - 0002-1857. ; 53:4, s. 209-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In addition to their traditional role for food, feed, fuel and fibres production, green plants can be used to accumulate toxic metals and organic pollutants from contaminated soils and water for cleanup purposes, to prevent further degradation of our environment and to remediate the damage caused by the increasingly industrialized society. The use of plants specifically chosen or tailored for the rehabilitation of polluted land and brownfields, water purification, and even removal of indoor or outdoor air contaminants, is becoming essential to achieve sustainable development (Conesa et al., 2008). Plants represent a more environmentally compatible and less expensive method to site restoration compared to physico-chemical approaches, even if the time scale required to reach the target end-points is often a limiting factor. Plants are already cleaning our environment constantly, everywhere, acting as "green livers", even if we do not recognize or know it.
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