| 1. |
- Adib Murad, Ahsan, et al.
(författare)
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Equation-Based Modeling of FACTS using Modelica
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports results of extending the iTesla Modelica Power System Library with the implementation of new Modelica models for power electronic-based FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) to be used in phasor time-domain simulations. To show the applicability of Modelica for modeling FACTS devices and power system simulation, a software-to-software validation is performed against the Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT), which is used as the reference software for validation. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of the validation results between PSAT and Modelica is given.
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| 2. |
- Adib Murad, Ahsan, et al.
(författare)
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Equation-Based Modeling of Three-Winding and Regulating Transformers using Modelica
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The simulation of power transformer models is important when analyzing the dynamic behavior of power systems, in particular, when considering voltage magnitude or phase regulation controls. This paper reports results of extending the library of transformers in the iTesla Modelica Power Systems Library. Three transformer models have been implemented: a three-winding transformer, an under-load tap changing transformer (ULTC) and a phase shifting transformer (PST). An IEEE 14-Bus, power system test model was also implemented, both in Modelica and PSAT, to assess the performance of the models. Software-to-software validation is carried out against PSAT, a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the validation results between PSAT and Modelica is given.
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| 3. |
- Al-Hammouri, A.T., et al.
(författare)
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Virtualization of synchronized phasor measurement units within real-time simulators for smart grid applications
- 2012
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Ingår i: Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2012 IEEE. - : IEEE. - 9781467327275 ; , s. 6344949-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synchronized phasor measurement units (PMUs) provide GPS-time tagged high-sampling rate positive-sequence voltage and current phasors. When placed in high-voltage substations in power networks, PMUs can provide real-time information that is necessary for the development of Smart Transmission Grid software applications for improving power system monitoring, control and protection. The development of these applications, particularly for use within control centers for on-line purposes, is limited by the availability of and access to real-time PMU data and other information. One attractive approach for application development is the use of real-time simulators to which PMUs can be interfaced as hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) devices to harvest PMU data. However, this approach has technical and economical limitations, which can be tackled by the virtualization of PMU devices. This article describes the development of an entirely software-based synchronized phasor measurement unit for use within real-time simulators that will allow the emulation of a large number of real-life PMUs, which in turn can be used for creating new phasor-based applications.
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| 4. |
- Almas, Muhammad Shoaib, et al.
(författare)
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A Hybrid Synchrophasor and GOOSE-Based Power System Synchronization Scheme
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 4, s. 4659-4668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design and real-time hardware-in-the-loop implementation of a hybrid synchrophasors and GOOSE-based automatic synchronization algorithm are presented in this paper. Automatic synchronization is performed by utilizing the synchrophasor measurements from two commercial phasor measurement units (PMUs), while the coordinated control commands to automatic voltage regulator and/or turbine governor control and trip command to the circuit breaker are issued using IEC 61850-8-1 GOOSE messages. The algorithm is deployed inside the PMU using the protection logic equations, and direct communication between the PMUs is established to minimize the communication latencies. In addition, the algorithm is tested using a standard protection relay test-set, and automatic test sequences are executed to validate its performance. It is concluded that the hybrid synchrophasor and GOOSE-based automatic synchronization scheme ensures minimum communication latencies, reduces equipment cost, facilitates interoperability, and performs automatic reconnection adequately.
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| 5. |
- Almas, Muhammad Shoaib, et al.
(författare)
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A method exploiting direct communication between phasor measurement units for power system wide-area protection and control algorithms
- 2017
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Ingår i: MethodsX. - : Elsevier. - 1258-780X .- 2215-0161. ; 4, s. 346-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synchrophasor measurements from Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are the primary sensors used to deploy Wide-Area Monitoring, Protection and Control (WAMPAC) systems. PMUs stream out synchrophasor measurements through the IEEE C37.118.2 protocol using TCP/IP or UDP/IP. The proposed method establishes a direct communication between two PMUs, thus eliminating the requirement of an intermediate phasor data concentrator, data mediator and/or protocol parser and thereby ensuring minimum communication latency without considering communication link delays. This method allows utilizing synchrophasor measurements internally in a PMU to deploy custom protection and control algorithms. These algorithms are deployed using protection logic equations which are supported by all the PMU vendors. Moreover, this method reduces overall equipment cost as the algorithms execute internally in a PMU and therefore does not require any additional controller for their deployment. The proposed method can be utilized for fast prototyping of wide-area measurements based protection and control applications. The proposed method is tested by coupling commercial PMUs as Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) with Opal-RT’s eMEGAsim Real-Time Simulator (RTS). As illustrative example, anti-islanding protection application is deployed using proposed method and its performance is assessed. The essential points in the method are:• Bypassing intermediate phasor data concentrator or protocol parsers as the synchrophasors are communicated directly between the PMUs (minimizes communication delays).• Wide Area Protection and Control Algorithm is deployed using logic equations in the client PMU, therefore eliminating the requirement for an external hardware controller (cost curtailment)• Effortless means to exploit PMU measurements in an environment familiar to protection engineers
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| 6. |
- Almas, Muhammad Shoaib, et al.
(författare)
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BabelFish—Tools for IEEE C37.118.2-compliant real-time synchrophasor data mediation
- 2017
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Ingår i: SoftwareX. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7110. ; 6, s. 209-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BabelFish (BF) is a real-time data mediator for development and fast prototyping of synchrophasor applications. BF is compliant with the synchrophasor data transmission IEEE Std C37.118.2-2011. BF establishes a TCP/IP connection with any Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) or Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) stream and parses the IEEE Std C37.118.2-2011 frames in real-time to provide access to raw numerical data in the LabVIEW environment. Furthermore, BF allows the user to select ‘‘data-of-interest’’and transmit it to either a local or remote application using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) in order to support both unicast and multicast communication. In the power systems Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control (WAMPAC) domain, BF provides the first Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) for the purpose of giving the users tools for fast prototyping of new applications processing PMU measurements in their chosen environment, thus liberating them of time consuming synchrophasor data handling and allowing them to develop applications in a modular fashion, without a need of a large and monolithic synchrophasor software environment.
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| 7. |
- Almas, Muhammad Shoaib, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences with Steady-State PMU Compliance Testing using Standard Relay Testing Equipment
- 2014
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Ingår i: Electric Power Quality and Supply Reliability Conference (PQ), 2014. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479950201 ; , s. -110
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of steady state compliance testing of phasor measurement units (PMUs) from three different vendors in a laboratory environment. Testing is performed by providing three phase voltage and current injections to the VT and CT inputs of the PMUs through Freja-300 stand-alone protection relay test set. Testing is performed according to the standard “IEEE C37.242-2013 - IEEE Guide for Synchronization, Calibration, Testing, and Installation of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) for Power System Protection and Control”. The paper discusses the test setup, testing process and overall test results of this project. The limitations of stand-alone testing equipment and recommendations for utilizing real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation for thorough testing of PMUs are also presented.
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| 8. |
- Almas, Muhammad Shoaib, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Performance Assessment of a Generator's Excitation Control System using Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE. - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 3756-3762
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents methods and results for experimental performance assessment using Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop (RT-HIL) simulation of an Excitation Control System (ECS) for both terminal voltage regulation and power oscillation damping. The ECS configured for this study is Unitrol 1020 from ABB and its performance is assessed for both Automatic Voltage Regulator (Auto) and Field Current Regulator (Manual) modes. RT-HIL simulation is performed by using Opal-RT’s eMEGAsim RT Simulator using a power system model including a synchronous generator. Finally, the Power System Stabilizing feature of Unitrol 1020 is calibrated and assessed.
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| 9. |
- Almas, Muhammad Shoaib, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Time-Synchronization Signal Loss on PMU-based WAMPAC Applications
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE PES General Meeting 2016. - : IEEE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper experimentally assesses the impact of loss of time-synchronization signal on synchrophasor-based Wide-Area Monitoring, Protection and Control applications. Phase Angle Monitoring (PAM), anti-islanding protection and power oscillation damping applications are investigated. Power system models are executed using a real-time simulator with commercial PMUs coupled to them as hardware-in-the-loop. The experiments conclude that a phase angle monitoring application shows erroneous power system state whereas the operating time of an anti-islanding protection application increases due to the loss of time-synchronization signal input to PMUs. In addition, the performance of an oscillation damping controller degrades in the absence of time-synchronization input to the PMUs.
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| 10. |
- Almas, Muhammad Shoaib, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of Conventional and Phasor Based Power System Stabilizing Controls for Real-Time Simulation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE. - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 3770-3776
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the implementation of three different types of Power System Stabilizers (PSS) and a Static Var Compensator with a supplementary Phasor Power Oscillation Damper (POD) control for real-time simulation. The Klein-Rogers-Kundur model is used as test case and the PSS and Phasor-POD’s performance is evaluated for both large and small disturbances. Modeling is performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and is executed in real-time using Opal-RT’s eMEGAsim Real-Time Simulator. The simulation results and the developed model will be used to deploy hardware prototype based on embedded controllers to provide power oscillation damping. Real-time software in the loop (SIL) approach is used for validating developed models as a first logical step towards development of a prototype hardware controller.
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