| 1. |
- Karczewska-Lindinger, Magdalena, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Race and split time analysis in para nordic sit-skiing
- 2019
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Ingår i: 8th International Congress on Science and Skiing (ICSS) - Abstract book. Vuokatti, Finland, March 11th - 15th, 2019, s. 69. - 9789513976835
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Blauwet, Cheri A., et al.
(författare)
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Paralympic sports medicine
- 2016
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Ingår i: Training and Coaching the Paralympic Athlete : Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science - Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science. - Oxford, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9781119044338 - 9781119045144 ; , s. 75-95
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, there is an increased realization that engaging with Paralympic athletes offers the chance for healthcare professionals to work at the intersection of rehabilitation with sports and exercise medicine. The study of both injury and illness epidemiology in Paralympic sport is important, as findings may assist in the formulation of prevention strategies. A model for the systematic development of sports injury-prevention strategies has been developed and is used by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) Medical Committee. Cardiac screening is recommended to start at the beginning of competitive athletic activity, usually between the ages of 12 and 14 years. There is a need for a detailed epidemiological data on head injuries and concussion in Paralympic sports, as most of the injury reports are anecdotal. When treating athletes, clinicians must closely consider the interaction between a medication's pharmacokinetics and the athlete's physiology. The chapter also discusses the effects of travel and sports nutrition for Paralympic athletes.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Nahar, Khayrun, et al.
(författare)
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Astrocyte-microglial association and matrix composition are common events in the natural history of primary familial brain calcification
- 2020
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Ingår i: Brain Pathology. - : Wiley. - 1015-6305 .- 1750-3639. ; 30:3, s. 446-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is an age-dependent and rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by microvascular calcium phosphate deposits in the deep brain regions. Known genetic causes of PFBC include loss-of-function mutations in genes involved in either of three processes-platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling, phosphate homeostasis or protein glycosylation-with unclear molecular links. To provide insight into the pathogenesis of PFBC, we analyzed murine models of PFBC for the first two of these processes in Pdgfb(ret/ret) and Slc20a2(-/-) mice with regard to the structure, molecular composition, development and distribution of perivascular calcified nodules. Analyses by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence revealed that calcified nodules in both of these models have a multilayered ultrastructure and occur in direct contact with reactive astrocytes and microglia. However, whereas nodules in Pdgfb(ret/ret) mice were large, solitary and smooth surfaced, the nodules in Slc20a2(-/-) mice were multi-lobulated and occurred in clusters. The regional distribution of nodules also differed between the two models. Proteomic analysis and immunofluorescence stainings revealed a common molecular composition of the nodules in the two models, involving proteins implicated in bone homeostasis, but also proteins not previously linked to tissue mineralization. While the brain vasculature of Pdgfb(ret/ret) mice has been reported to display reduced pericyte coverage and abnormal permeability, we found that Slc20a2(-/-) mice have a normal pericyte coverage and no overtly increased permeability. Thus, lack of pericytes and increase in permeability of the blood-brain barrier are likely not the causal triggers for PFBC pathogenesis. Instead, gene expression and spatial correlations suggest that astrocytes are intimately linked to the calcification process in PFBC.
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| 7. |
- Rosso, V., et al.
(författare)
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Balance Perturbations as a Measurement Tool for Trunk Impairment in Cross-Country Sit Skiing
- 2019
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Ingår i: Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly. - : Human Kinetics. - 0736-5829 .- 1543-2777. ; 36:1, s. 61-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In cross-country sit-skiing, the trunk plays a crucial role in propulsion generation and balance maintenance. Trunk stability is evaluated by automatic responses to unpredictable perturbations; however, electromyography is challenging. The aim of this study was to identify a measure to group sit-skiers according to their ability to control the trunk. Seated in their competitive sit-ski, 10 male and 5 female Paralympic sit-skiers received 6 forward and 6 backward unpredictable perturbations in random order. k-means clustered trunk position at rest, delay to invert the trunk motion, and trunk range of motion significantly into 2 groups. In conclusion, unpredictable perturbations might quantify trunk impairment and may become an important tool in the development of an evidence-based classification system for cross-country sit-skiers.
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| 8. |
- Rosso, V., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating objective measures of impairment to trunk strength and control for cross-country sit skiing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sports Engineering. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1369-7072 .- 1460-2687. ; 24:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Paralympic cross-country sit skiing, athlete classification is performed by an expert panel, so it may be affected by subjectivity. An evidence-based classification is required, in which objective measures of impairment must be identified. The purposes of this study were: (i) to evaluate the reliability of 5 trunk strength measures and 18 trunk control measures developed for the purposes of classification; (ii) to rank the objective measures, according to the largest effects on perfor-mance. Using a new testing device, 14 elite sit-skiers performed two upright seated press tests and one simulated poling test to evaluate trunk strength. They were also subjected to unpredictable balance perturbations to measure trunk control. Tests were repeated on two separate days and test–retest reliability of trunk strength and trunk control measures was evaluated. A cluster analysis was run and correlation was evaluated, including all strength and control measures, to identify the measures that contributed most to clustering participants. Intraclass correlations coefficients (ICC) were 0.71 < ICC < 0.98 and 0.83 < ICC < 0.99 for upright seated press and perturbations, respectively. Cluster analysis identified three clusters with relevance for strength and balance control measures. For strength, in upright seated press peak anterior pushing force without backrest (effect size = 0.77) and ratio of peak anterior pushing force without and with backrest (effect size = 0.72) were significant. For balance control measures, trunk range of motion in forward (effect size = 0.81) and backward (effect size = 0.75) perturbations also contributed. High correlations (− 0.76 < r < − 0.53) were found between strength and control measures. The new testing device, protocol, and the cluster analysis show promising results in assessing impairment of trunk strength and control to empower an evidence-based classification.
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| 9. |
- Rosso, V, et al.
(författare)
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Measures of impairment in cross-country sit skiing
- 2019
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Ingår i: 8th International Congress on Science and Skiing (ICSS) - Abstract book. Vuokatti, Finland, March 11th - 15th, 2019. - 9789513976835
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Rosso, V., et al.
(författare)
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Simulated skiing as a measurement tool for performance in cross-country sit-skiing
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part P-Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1754-3371 .- 1754-338X. ; 233:4, s. 455-466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Paralympic Committee mandates the development of an evidence-based classification system, which requires a measure of performance. Performance in cross-country sit-skiing is mainly dependent on force generated during the poling phase and is enhanced by trunk flexion-extension movements. Since all sit-skiers have neuromuscular impairment, but different ability to control the trunk, this study aimed to verify if simulated action of poling on an adapted ergometer, together with a cluster analysis, could be used for grouping participants with different impairments according to their performance. On the ergometer, eight male and five female participants performed seven poling cycles at maximal speed, while sitting on personal sit-ski. Based on maximal speed, generated force, cycle characteristics, and trunk kinematics, cluster analysis divided participants into three groups showing good accuracy, sensitivity, and precision. Although a validation of this exploratory study is necessary, skiing on the ergometer could be considered as sport-specific measure of performance and may become an interesting tool in the development of an evidence-based classification system for cross-country sit-skiing.
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