| 1. |
- Garcia-Rodriguez, Cruz E., et al.
(författare)
-
Does Consumption of Two Portions of Salmon Per Week Enhance the Antioxidant Defense System in Pregnant Women?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1523-0864 .- 1557-7716. ; 16:12, s. 1401-1406
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Salmon is a rich source of marine n-3 fatty acids, which may increase oxidative stress and, in turn, could affect the antioxidant defense system in blood plasma and erythrocytes of pregnant women. The Salmon in Pregnancy Study provided two meals of salmon per week to pregnant women from week 20 of gestation; the control group maintained their habitual diet low in oily fish. Higher selenium and retinol plasma concentrations were observed after dietary salmon supplementation. Besides, a concomitant increase in selenium and glutathione concentration as well as glutathione peroxidase and reductase activities were detected as pregnancy progressed. However, tocopherols, retinol, beta-carotene, and coenzyme Q(10) decreased in late pregnancy. Collectively, our findings lead to the hypothesis that increased farmed salmon intake may increase antioxidant defenses during pregnancy.
|
|
| 2. |
- Miles, Elizabeth A, et al.
(författare)
-
The Salmon in Pregnancy Study : study design, subject characteristics, maternal fish and marine n-3 fatty acid intake, and marine n-3 fatty acid status in maternal and umbilical cord blood
- 2011
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 94:6, s. 1986S-1992S
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Oily fish provides marine n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids that are considered to be important in the growth, development, and health of the fetus and newborn infant. OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to increase salmon consumption among pregnant women and to determine the effect on maternal and umbilical cord plasma marine n-3 fatty acid content. DESIGN: Women (n = 123) with low habitual consumption of oily fish were randomly assigned to continue their habitual diet or were provided with 2 portions of farmed salmon/wk to include in their diet from week 20 of pregnancy until delivery. RESULTS: Median weekly consumption frequency of study salmon in the salmon group was 1.94 portions, and total fish consumption frequency was 2.11 portions/wk in the salmon group and 0.47 portions/wk in the control group (P < 0.001). Intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the diet, from seafood, and from oily fish were higher in the salmon group (all P < 0.001). Percentages of EPA and DHA in plasma phosphatidylcholine decreased during pregnancy in the control group (P for trend = 0.029 and 0.008, respectively), whereas they increased in the salmon group (P for trend for both < 0.001). EPA and DHA percentages were higher in maternal plasma phosphatidylcholine at weeks 34 and 38 of pregnancy and in umbilical cord plasma phosphatidylcholine in the salmon group (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSION: If pregnant women, who do not regularly eat oily fish, eat 2 portions of salmon/wk, they will increase their intake of EPA and DHA, achieving the recommended minimum intake; and they will increase their and their fetus' status of EPA and DHA. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00801502.
|
|
| 3. |
- Basu, Samar, et al.
(författare)
-
Cellular Expression of Cyclooxygenase, Aromatase, Adipokines, Inflammation and Cell Proliferation Markers in Breast Cancer Specimen
- 2015
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current evidences suggest that expression of Ki67, cyclooxygenase (COX), aromatase, adipokines, prostaglandins, free radicals, beta-catenin and alpha-SMA might be involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. The main objective of this study was to compare expression/localization of these potential compounds in breast cancer tissues with tissues collected adjacent to the tumor using immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinical pathology. The breast cancer specimens were collected from 30 women aged between 49 and 89 years who underwent breast surgery following cancer diagnosis. Expression levels of molecules by different stainings were graded as a score on a scale based upon staining intensity and proportion of positive cells/area or individually. AdipoR1, adiponectin, Ob-R, leptin, COX-1, COX-2, aromatase, PGF(2a), F-2-isoprostanes and alpha-SMA were localised on higher levels in the breast tissues adjacent to the tumor compared to tumor specimens when considering either score or staining area whereas COX-2 and AdipoR2 were found to be higher considering staining intensity and Ki67 on score level in the tumor tissue. There was no significant difference observed on beta-catenin either on score nor on staining area and intensity between tissues adjacent to the tumor and tumor tissues. A positive correlation was found between COX-1 and COX-2 in the tumor tissues. In conclusion, these suggest that Ki67, COXs, aromatase, prostaglandin, free radicals, adipokines, beta-catenin and alpha-SMA are involved in breast cancer. These further focus the need of examination of tissues adjacent to tumor, tumor itself and compare them with normal or benign breast tissues for a better understanding of breast cancer pathology and future evaluation of therapeutic benefit.
|
|
| 4. |
- Basu, Samar, et al.
(författare)
-
Eicosanoids and Adipokines in Breast Cancer : From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Considerations
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1523-0864 .- 1557-7716. ; 18:3, s. 323-360
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic inflammation is one of the foremost risk factors for different types of malignancies, including breast cancer. Additional risk factors of this pathology in postmenopausal women are weight gain, obesity, estrogen secretion, and an imbalance in the production of adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin. Various signaling products of transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappaB, in particular inflammatory eicosanoids, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cytokines, are thought to be involved in chronic inflammation-induced cancer. Together, these key components have an influence on inflammatory reactions in malignant tissue damage when their levels are deregulated endogenously. Prostaglandins (PGs) are well recognized in inflammation and cancer, and they are solely biosynthesized through cyclooxygenases (COXs) from arachidonic acid. Concurrently, ROS give rise to bioactive isoprostanes from arachidonic acid precursors that are also involved in acute and chronic inflammation, but their specific characteristics in breast cancer are less demonstrated. Higher aromatase activity, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme, is intimately connected to tumor growth in the breast through estrogen synthesis, and is interrelated to COXs that catalyze the formation of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory PGs such as PGE(2), PGF(2 alpha), PGD(2), and PGJ(2) synchronously under the influence of specific mediators and downstream enzymes. Some of the latter compounds upsurge the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentration and appear to be associated with estrogen synthesis. This review discusses the role of COX- and ROS-catalyzed eicosanoids and adipokines in breast cancer, and therefore ranges from their molecular mechanisms to clinical aspects to understand the impact of inflammation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Basu, Samar, et al.
(författare)
-
Inflammatory F2-isoprostane, prostaglandin F2α, pentraxin 3 levels and breast cancer risk : The Swedish Mammography Cohort
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0952-3278 .- 1532-2823. ; 113, s. 28-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is a common cancer among women. Identifying cellular participation of F2-isoprostane, prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in cancer we evaluated whether their prediagnostic systemic levels that originate from different inflammatory pathways were associated with breast cancer risk.METHODS: Seventy-eight breast cancer cases diagnosed after blood collection and 797 controls from the Swedish Mammography Cohort were analysed for urinary F2-isoprostane, PGF2α and plasma PTX3 levels.RESULTS: None of the biomarkers investigated were significantly associated with breast cancer risk. However, there was the suggestion of an inverse association with PTX3 with multivariable adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 0.56 (95% CI=0.29-1.06) and 0.67 (95% CI=0.35-1.28) for the second and third tertiles, respectively (ptrend=0.20). No associations were observed between F2-isoprostane (OR=0.87; 95% CI=0.48-1.57; ptrend=0.67) and PGF2α metabolite (OR=1.03; 95% CI=0.56-1.88; ptrend=0.91) comparing the top to bottom tertiles.CONCLUSIONS: The systemic levels of F2-isoprostane, PGF2α and PTX3 witnessed in women who later developed breast cancer may not provide prognostic information regarding tumor development in spite of their known involvement in situ cellular context. These observations may indicate that other mechanisms exist in controlling cellular formation of F2-isoprostane, PGF2α and PTX3 and their systemic availability in breast cancer patients.
|
|
| 6. |
- Basu, Samar, et al.
(författare)
-
Is There any Role for Serum Cathepsin S, CRP levels on Prognostic Information in Breast Cancer? : The Swedish Mammography Cohort
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1523-0864 .- 1557-7716. ; 23:16, s. 1298-1302
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and both low-grade inflammation and cathepsins might have important roles in breast cancer. We questioned whether prediagnostic circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), cathepsin B and cathepsin S were associated with breast cancer risk. Sixty-nine incident breast cancer cases diagnosed after blood collection and 719 controls from the Swedish Mammography Cohort were analysed for systemic CRP, cathepsin B and cathepsin S. Cathepsin S and inflammation (hsCRP) adjusted cathepsin S were inversely associated with breast cancer risk (cathepsin S: OR for top vs. bottom tertile = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.23-0.92; Ptrend = 0.02; hsCRP adjusted cathepsin S: OR of 0.44; 95% CI = 0.22-0.87; Ptrend = 0.02). hsCRP was significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk (OR for top vs. bottom tertile= 2.01; 95% CI = 1.02-3.95; Ptrend = 0.04). No significant association was observed between cathepsin B and breast cancer risk (OR for top vs. bottom tertile= 0.67; 95% CI = 0.32-1.40; Ptrend = 0.30). These observations lead to hypothesis that levels of cathepsin S and hsCRP observed in women who later developed breast cancer may provide prognostic information regarding tumor development and need to be evaluated in prospective studies.
|
|
| 7. |
- Harris, Holly, et al.
(författare)
-
Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 2 (sVEGFR-2) and 3 (sVEGFR-3) and breast cancer risk in the Swedish Mammography Cohort
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Genetics. - 1948-1756. ; 7:1, s. 81-86
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a signalling protein that has been established as a contributor to tumor angiogenesis, and expression of VEGF and its soluble receptors (sVEGFR2 and sVEGFR3) have been demonstrated in breast cancer cells. However, no prospective studies have examined the association between prediagnostic sVEGFR levels and breast cancer risk. We conducted a prospective case-control study nested within the Swedish Mammography Cohort examining the association between sVEGFR2 and 3 levels and breast cancer risk. The analysis included 69 incident breast cancer cases diagnosed after blood collection and 719 controls. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. After adjustment for breast cancer risk factors, sVEGFR2 levels were associated with breast cancer risk (OR=1.28; 95% CI=1.06-1.56 per 1000 ng/L increase in concentration) while sVEGFR3 levels were not related to such risk (OR=1.00; 95% CI=0.93-1.07). Our results suggest that sVEGFR2 levels may be positively associated with breast cancer risk, however future studies with larger case groups are necessary to confirm this association.
|
|
