| 1. |
- Del Chiaro, M, et al.
(författare)
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European evidence-based guidelines on pancreatic cystic neoplasms
- 2018
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 1468-3288 .- 0017-5749. ; 67:5, s. 789-804
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence-based guidelines on the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN) are lacking. This guideline is a joint initiative of the European Study Group on Cystic Tumours of the Pancreas, United European Gastroenterology, European Pancreatic Club, European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, European Digestive Surgery, and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. It replaces the 2013 European consensus statement guidelines on PCN. European and non-European experts performed systematic reviews and used GRADE methodology to answer relevant clinical questions on nine topics (biomarkers, radiology, endoscopy, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN), serous cystic neoplasm, rare cysts, (neo)adjuvant treatment, and pathology). Recommendations include conservative management, relative and absolute indications for surgery. A conservative approach is recommended for asymptomatic MCN and IPMN measuring <40 mm without an enhancing nodule. Relative indications for surgery in IPMN include a main pancreatic duct (MPD) diameter between 5 and 9.9 mm or a cyst diameter ≥40 mm. Absolute indications for surgery in IPMN, due to the high-risk of malignant transformation, include jaundice, an enhancing mural nodule >5 mm, and MPD diameter >10 mm. Lifelong follow-up of IPMN is recommended in patients who are fit for surgery. The European evidence-based guidelines on PCN aim to improve the diagnosis and management of PCN.
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| 2. |
- Iacomino, G., et al.
(författare)
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Circulating microRNAs are associated with early childhood obesity: results of the I.Family Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Genes and Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1555-8932 .- 1865-3499. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundNearly 10years ago, the World Health Organization reported the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide as a challenge for public health due to the associated adverse consequences. Epidemiological studies established a firm relationship between an elevated body mass index and chronic conditions such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and some types of cancer. Omic studies demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) profile changes in tissues correlate with a number of diseases, including obesity. Recent studies showed a remarkable stability of miRNAs also in blood, emphasizing their potential as theranostic agents for a variety of disorders and conditions. A number of miRNAs enriched in homeostasis of obesity and metabolic disorders have been characterized in previous researches.AimThis work was finalized to investigate the differential circulating miRNAs signature in early childhood obesity. Our cross-sectional study analyzed the signature of circulating miRNAs in plasma samples of normal weight (n=159) and overweight/obese (n=149) children and adolescents participating to the I.Family study, an EC-funded study finalized to investigate the etiology of overweight, obesity and related disorders and the determinants of food choice, lifestyle, and related health outcomes in children and adolescents of eight European countries (www.ifamilystudy.eu).ResultsDifferences in miRNA signature with respect to anthropometric and biochemical variables were analyzed. A high degree of variability in levels of circulating miRNAs was identified among children from different countries, in line with recent reports supporting the hypothesis that these molecules are likewise affected by environmental and lifestyle factors. A panel of miRNAs differentially expressed in overweight/low-grade obesity children was characterized (miR-551a and miR-501-5p resulted upregulated; miR-10b-5p, miR-191-3p, miR-215-5p, and miR-874-3p resulted downregulated). ROC curves were also constructed for experimentally confirmed miRNAs. Single miRNAs generally exhibited low AUC values with the highest values for miR-874-3p and miR-501-5p which in combination provided an interesting value (AUC=0.782). Pearson's analysis confirmed that miR-10b-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-501-5p, miR-551a, and miR-874-3p significantly correlated with BMI z-score. Molecular interactions of obesity-associated miRNAs were also predicted by bioinformatics tools.ConclusionsOur work showed that several circulating miRNAs are differentially represented in overweight/low-grade obesity children and adolescents. Although causal pathways cannot be firmly inferred, it is conceivable that circulating miRNAs may be new biomarkers of early childhood obesity.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN62310987. Registered 23/02/2018 - Retrospectively registered.
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| 3. |
- Lualdi, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for diffusion-controlled hydrocarbon selectivities in the fischer-tropsch synthesis over cobalt supported on ordered mesoporous silica
- 2011
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Ingår i: Topics in catalysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1022-5528 .- 1572-9028. ; 54:16-18, s. 1175-1184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of four cobalt-based catalysts (two of which promoted with ruthenium) supported on SiO2 or SBA-15 were prepared and tested in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at industrially relevant process conditions (483 K, 20 bar, H2/CO ratio = 2.1, pellet size: 53-90 μm). The catalysts were characterized by N2-adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), H2-chemisorption and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ru as promoter enhanced the activity but not the selectivity to long-chain hydrocarbons ({S}-{C}-{ 5+}). The {{S}}-{{C}}-{5+}} values of the SBA-supported catalysts were very low, especially at low conversion levels (i.e. low water partial pressure), suggesting that CO diffusion limitation increased the H2/CO ratio inside the 1-dimensional (1-D) porous network. A superimposition of the selectivity results on the correlations found in our recent study, derived for Co-based catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3, α-Al2O3 and TiO2 free from diffusion limitations, was made. While the SiO2-supported catalysts with a 3-D porous structure followed the correlations, the SBA-catalysts deviated significantly at low conversions, giving a further indication that the selectivity results of these catalysts were affected by CO diffusion limitations. Hence, it may be concluded that the kinetically significant diffusion distances (i.e. those long enough to cause an intrapore H 2/CO ratio higher than that of the bulk gas phase) are probably much shorter for 1-D porous networks than for conventional 3-D supports. This is explained by a significantly lower effective diffusivity in 1-D porous networks. The potential of using the correlations between non-ASF distributed hydrocarbons and C5+, to give insight on the occurrence of diffusion limitations, was confirmed by superimposing data from the literature that were anticipated to be influenced by CO diffusion limitations.
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| 4. |
- Ilieva, L., et al.
(författare)
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Nanosized gold catalysts on Pr-modified ceria for pure hydrogen production via WGS reaction
- 2015
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Ingår i: Materials Chemistry and Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0254-0584 .- 1879-3312. ; 157, s. 138-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The WGS activity of gold catalysts on ceria doped with Pr (5 and 10 at% Pr) was studied. The supports were synthesized by impregnation (IM) and microemulsion (ME) method. Gold (3 wt%) was introduced by deposition-precipitation method. The samples were characterized by means of XRD, TEM, XPS and TPR measurements. The catalytic activity in WGSR of fresh catalysts did not differ significantly. After re-oxidation following the first catalytic run, the activity of gold catalyst on IM support with 5 at% Pr increased, while a significant drop in activity of the gold catalyst on ME support containing 10 at% Pr was registered. In the latter case the presence of very small gold particles were responsible for the initial WGS activity, while their agglomeration after the catalytic reaction caused the observed activity decrease. In the former case the higher activity during the second catalytic run could be explained by: (i) the redox behavior, showing that only in this case the most mobile oxygen could be fully recovered; (ii) the morphology of the support, revealing better crystallization of the support after WGS catalytic test as compared to the presence of partially amorphous ceria in the fresh gold catalyst.
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| 5. |
- Ilieva, L., et al.
(författare)
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Pure hydrogen production via PROX over gold catalysts supported on Pr-modified ceria
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361 .- 1873-7153. ; 134, s. 628-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two series of Pr-doped (5 and 10 at.% Pr) cerium oxides were synthesized by impregnation (IM) and microemulsion method (ME). The Au catalysts (3 wt.%) supported on these oxides were tested in PROX. The samples were characterized by XRD, XPS and TPR measurements. At the operating temperature of the fuel cells (80-120 degrees C) gold catalysts on Pr-doped ceria supports synthesized by IM method exhibited much higher PROX activity as compared to the case of ME method. The observed different catalytic behavior was attributed to the different support preparation affecting the gold particle sizes and the mixed support features. In the case of mixed supports synthesized by IM the size of gold particles established by XRD is smaller and the supply of oxygen evidenced by the obtained TPR results is higher as compared to the gold catalysts on the ME prepared mixed supports. The higher gold dispersion as well as the more defective structure assumed by higher microstrain parameter of ceria lattice (XRD data) due to Pr-doping by IM method, improved both the reducibility and the PROX activity up to 120 degrees C.
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