| 1. |
- Baclet, Sacha, et al.
(författare)
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A machine learning- and compressed sensing-based approach for surrogate modelling in environmental acoustics: towards fast evaluation of building façade road traffic noise levels
- 2022
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Ingår i: Internoise 2022. - : The Institute of Noise Control Engineering of the USA, Inc..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- State-of-the-art urban road traffic noise propagation simulation methods such as the CNOSSOS-EU framework rely on ray tracing to estimate noise levels at specific locations on façades, so-called receiver points; this method is relatively computationally expensive and its cost increases with the number of receiver points, which limit the spatial resolution of such simulations in the context of real-time or near-real-time urban noise simulation applications. This contribution aims to investigate the applicability of multiple data-driven methods to the surrogate modelling of traffic noise propagation for fast façade noise calculation as an alternative to these traditional, ray-tracing-based methods. The proposed approach uses compressed sensing to select a small subset of optimal receiver points from which the dataset of the entire façade may be reconstructed, associated with either a kriging model or neural networks, used to predict noise levels for these sensors. The prediction performance of each of these steps is evaluated on an academic test case, with two levels of complexity based on the dimensionality of the problem.
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| 2. |
- Baclet, Sacha, et al.
(författare)
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A methodology to assess the impact of driving noise from individual vehicles in an urban environment
- 2021
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Ingår i: "Advances in Acoustics, Noise and Vibration - 2021" Proceedings of the 27th International Congress on Sound and Vibration, ICSV 2021.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Traffic is a major source of environmental noise pollution in urban areas. The present contribution focuses on a methodology designed to assess the impact of the noise generated by individual vehicles on a city's population using NoiseModelling, an open-source library implementing the CNOSSOS-EU model, capable of producing environmental noise maps. The initial step of the proposed method consists in processing microscopic traffic data (simulated in the present contribution), where the traffic intensity is dependent on the time of day that is targeted. The micro-traffic data is subsequently used to generate background noise maps by simulating the propagation of traffic noise. Then, the impact of the noise from the vehicle of interest is simulated, based on several parameters (route followed, type of motorization: diesel or hybrid, etc.). Finally, the data is post-processed to calculate the "exceedance" (increase in ambient noise) caused by the vehicle, taking the previously calculated background noise maps as reference. The complete methodology, its underlying assumptions, and the associated criteria proposed in order to assess the impact of noise emissions from individual vehicles is demonstrated on a realistic scenario.
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| 3. |
- Baclet, Sacha, et al.
(författare)
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From strategic noise maps to receiver-centric noise exposure sensitivity mapping
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 102, s. 103114-103114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Road traffic is a major source of environmental noise pollution in urban areas. While strategic noise maps are widely used to identify the critical areas and propose mitigation plans, more specific tools are needed to evaluate the impact from traffic noise such as overall population exposure or anticipated impact from specific vehicles in varying spatiotemporal traffic conditions.The present contribution proposes a receiver-centric mapping approach, introducing “noise-exposure sensitivity maps”, meant to assess the potential noise exposure impact from a specific vehicle in a given network, quantifying the associated exceedance over the prevailing background noise, under varying spatiotemporal traffic conditions. The resulting maps are thus focussed on a representation of the receiver exposure as opposed to considering the noise emission and propagation alone.The complete methodology, its underlying assumptions, and possible applications such as route optimisation are demonstrated on realistic scenarios.
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| 4. |
- Koch, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of changes in environmental exposures and health behaviours due to the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular and mental health : A comparison of Barcelona, Vienna, and Stockholm
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Responses to COVID-19 altered environmental exposures and health behaviours associated with noncommunicable diseases. We aimed to (1) quantify changes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2), noise, physical activity, and greenspace visits associated with COVID-19 policies in the spring of 2020 in Barcelona (Spain), Vienna (Austria), and Stockholm (Sweden), and (2) estimated the number of additional and prevented diagnoses of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, depression, and anxiety based on these changes. We calculated differences in NO2, noise, physical activity, and greenspace visits between pre-pandemic (baseline) and pandemic (counterfactual) levels. With two counterfactual scenarios, we distinguished between Acute Period (March 15th - April 26th, 2020) and Deconfinement Period (May 2nd - June 30th, 2020) assuming counterfactual scenarios were extended for 12 months. Relative risks for each exposure difference were estimated with exposure-risk functions. In the Acute Period, reductions in NO2 (range of change from -16.9 mu g/m3 to -1.1 mu g/m3), noise (from -5 dB(A) to -2 dB(A)), physical activity (from -659 MET*min/wk to -183 MET*min/wk) and greenspace visits (from -20.2 h/m to 1.1 h/m) were largest in Barcelona and smallest in Stockholm. In the Deconfinement Period, NO2 (from -13.9 mu g/m3 to -3.1 mu g/m3), noise (from -3 dB(A) to -1 dB(A)), and physical activity levels (from -524 MET*min/wk to -83 MET*min/wk) remained below pre-pandemic levels in all cities. Greatest impacts were caused by physical activity reductions. If physical activity levels in Barcelona remained at Acute Period levels, increases in annual diagnoses for MI (mean: 572 (95% CI: 224, 943)), stroke (585 (6, 1156)), depression (7903 (5202, 10,936)), and anxiety (16,677 (926, 27,002)) would be anticipated. To decrease cardiovascular and mental health impacts, reductions in NO2 and noise from the first COVID-19 surge should be sustained, but without reducing physical activity. Focusing on cities' connectivity that promotes active transportation and reduces motor vehicle use assists in achieving this goal.
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| 5. |
- Rumpler, Romain, et al.
(författare)
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An observation of the impact of CoViD-19 recommendation measures monitored through urban noise levels in central Stockholm, Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainable cities and society. - : Elsevier. - 2210-6707. ; 63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden stands out among the other European countries by the degree of restrictive measures taken towards handling the 2019 coronavirus outbreak, associated with the CoViD-19 pandemic. While several governments have imposed a nationwide total or partial lockdown in order to slow down the spread of the virus, the Swedish government has opted for a recommendation-based approach together with a few imposed restrictions. In the present contribution, the impact of this strategy will be observed through the monitored variation of the city noise levels during the associated period. The data used are recorded during a campaign of over a full year of noise level measurements at a building facade situated in a busy urban intersection in central Stockholm, Sweden. The noise level reductions, observed during the period of restrictions, are shown to be comparable to those found for the two most popular public holidays in Sweden with a peak reduction occurring during the first half of April 2020. Contrary to what has been recently discussed in public media, the spread of the virus, the recommendations, and the restrictions imposed during the ongoing pandemic clearly have had a significant effect on the transport and other human-related activities in Stockholm. In this unique investigation, the use of distributed acoustic sensors has thus shown to be a viable solution not only to enforce regulations but also to monitor the effectiveness of their implementation.
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| 6. |
- Rumpler, Romain, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Noise measurements as a proxy to evaluating the response to recommendations in times of crisis : An update analysis of the transition to the second wave of the CoViD-19 pandemic in Central Stockholm, Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. - : Acoustical Society of America (ASA). - 0001-4966 .- 1520-8524. ; 149:3, s. 1838-1842
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden stands out among the other European countries by the degree of restrictive measures taken towards handling the 2019 coronavirus outbreak, associated with the CoViD-19 pandemic. While several governments have imposed a nationwide total or partial lockdown to slow down the spread of the virus, the Swedish government has opted for a recommendation-based approach together with a few imposed restrictions. In a previous contribution by the authors, the impact of the Swedish strategy was observed through the monitored variation of the city noise levels during a period associated with the so-called "first wave" of the pandemic in Stockholm. A very strong impact of these recommendations was shown on the evolution of the noise levels in central Stockholm. This highlighted the potential of acoustic sensor networks both for enforcement of regulation and monitoring of the effectiveness of their implementation. The present contribution presents a follow-up to this urban noise monitoring in central Stockholm, Sweden, for the period leading to the so-called "second wave" of the pandemic in Europe. Both the evolution of adherence to the recommendations and the impact of the recurrence of cases combined with reinforced recommendations are observed through the evolution of the measured noise levels. While the measurements show a gradual lower level of compliance, in particular, past the summer break, these also show again a rapid response to the reinforced recommendations issued by the authorities in mid-fall of 2020. These observations thus confirm the potential associated with detailed urban noise monitoring, for instance here acting as a proxy to evaluating the response to recommendations or restrictions in times of crisis.
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| 7. |
- Venkataraman, Siddharth, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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ACOUSTIC STUDY OF NIGHTTIME DELIVERIES IN STOCKHOLM WITHIN THE PROJECT CIVITAS ECCENTRIC
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present contribution reports part of the study conducted in the context of the CIVITAS ECCENTRIC European project, focused on the investigation of the conditions for silent deliveries in the city of Stockholm, Sweden.In particular, the methodology and results associated with measurements performed in 2019 are presented, in order to evaluate the impact of a potential increase of deliveries during sensitive nighttime segments.Two aspects of noise emissions are considered: traffic noise and delivery noise, measured both from a truck driving on a delivery route to 6 locations and a façade at one of the delivery locations.A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is used, together with the application of a geofencing strategy associated with densely populated urban areas, in order to evaluate potential solutions addressing driving noise emissions.Concerning delivery noise emissions, critical in the context of nighttime deliveries, the relative impact associated with a range of different configurations at the delivery locations chosen is evaluated.Both the configuration at the delivery location (road-pavement transitions, surface type) and the time segment of delivery are found to be critical factors contributing to the overall impact of delivery noise.
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| 8. |
- Venkataraman, Siddharth, et al.
(författare)
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An approach to improve railway rolling noise calculations in CNOSSOS-EU: Refinement and validation using TWINS calculations
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The reliability of CNOSSOS-EU methodology for evaluation of railway noise is dependent on the quality ofinput values that define the system’s excitation and transfer functions. Currently available input values are limited and of insufficient quality, resulting in large errors in noise level calculations. A case study wherein railway rolling noise mitigation measures are evaluated with both CNOSSOS-EU and TWINS show deviations in resulting sound power levels of up to 8 dB(A) and 4 dB(A) for absolute and relative measures respectively. An approach to process TWINS output to extract transfer functions as input values for CNOSSOS-EU is described in this paper. The updated CNOSSOS-EU calculations correspond well with those of TWINS, with the maximum deviation limited to 1.5 dB(A) and 1 dB(A), respectively, for the same absolute and relative measures.
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| 9. |
- Venkataraman, Siddharth, et al.
(författare)
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Improving strategic noise mapping of railway noise in Europe : Refining CNOSSOS-EU calculations using TWINS
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 839, s. 156216-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Environmental Noise Directive (2002/49/EC) requires all European Union Member States to produce strategic noise maps using a common assessment methodology: CNOSSOS-EU. The reliability of CNOSSOS-EU railway noise evaluation is dependent on the input vehicle and track transfer functions. The CNOSSOS-EU default database contains the currently available choices for these transfer functions. However, these available transfer functions are limited and of insufficient quality, resulting in large errors in noise level calculations. An approach is presented, introducing an established analytical railway rolling noise calculation technique (TWINS), to extract more reliable and specific transfer functions. A case study consisting of railway rolling noise mitigation measures is defined and used as the basis for extracting and testing these transfer functions. The extracted transfer functions reduce the average deviation between CNOSSOS-EU and reference calculations using TWINS from6.1 dB(A) to 0.8 dB(A) in absolute sound power levels, and from 1.2 db(A) to 0.3 dB(A) in estimates of noise reduction potential for the defined mitigation measures. Application of this approach shows potential to improve the quality and depth of the existing CNOSSOS-EU default database. This may lead to more reliable estimations of railway noise in the strategic noise maps and the subsequent assessment of its harmful effects.
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| 10. |
- Venkataraman, Siddharth, et al.
(författare)
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Models for vehicle detection from noise measurements in sparse road traffic
- 2023
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Ingår i: Forum Acusticum 2023 - 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association, EAA 2023. - : European Acoustics Association, EAA.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Road traffic noise calculations require modeling the traffic flow in a road network. The reliability of these calculations can be improved with accurate estimation of the traffic flow, including estimation of its temporal variations. Low-cost noise sensors that run on single-board computers in a noise monitoring network are suitable candidates to simultaneously estimate the local temporal traffic flow from their pass-by measurements, using an on-board traffic flow estimator model. Aside from this model requiring to be computationally efficient, it should also be robust, e.g., invariant to sensor position relative to the source, weather conditions, etc. With noise measurements as an input, different noise features and prediction models are tested for vehicle detection. The accuracy of these models is evaluated using traffic count data obtained from dedicated vehicle-counting infrastructure at the locations of the noise sensors. The analysis is restricted to sparse traffic conditions in this initial study.
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