| 1. |
- Meyer, H., et al.
(författare)
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Overview of physics results from MAST towards ITER/DEMO and the MAST Upgrade
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 53:10, s. 104008-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New diagnostic, modelling and plant capability on the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) have delivered important results in key areas for ITER/DEMO and the upcoming MAST Upgrade, a step towards future ST devices on the path to fusion currently under procurement. Micro-stability analysis of the pedestal highlights the potential roles of micro-tearing modes and kinetic ballooning modes for the pedestal formation. Mitigation of edge localized modes (ELM) using resonant magnetic perturbation has been demonstrated for toroidal mode numbers n = 3, 4, 6 with an ELM frequency increase by up to a factor of 9, compatible with pellet fuelling. The peak heat flux of mitigated and natural ELMs follows the same linear trend with ELM energy loss and the first ELM-resolved T-i measurements in the divertor region are shown. Measurements of flow shear and turbulence dynamics during L-H transitions show filaments erupting from the plasma edge whilst the full flow shear is still present. Off-axis neutral beam injection helps to strongly reduce the redistribution of fast-ions due to fishbone modes when compared to on-axis injection. Low-k ion-scale turbulence has been measured in L-mode and compared to global gyro-kinetic simulations. A statistical analysis of principal turbulence time scales shows them to be of comparable magnitude and reasonably correlated with turbulence decorrelation time. T-e inside the island of a neoclassical tearing mode allow the analysis of the island evolution without assuming specific models for the heat flux. Other results include the discrepancy of the current profile evolution during the current ramp-up with solutions of the poloidal field diffusion equation, studies of the anomalous Doppler resonance compressional Alfven eigenmodes, disruption mitigation studies and modelling of the new divertor design for MAST Upgrade. The novel 3D electron Bernstein synthetic imaging shows promising first data sensitive to the edge current profile and flows.
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| 2. |
- Sharapov, S. E., et al.
(författare)
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Bi-directional Alfven cyclotron instabilities in the mega-amp spherical tokamak
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physics of Plasmas. - : AIP Publishing. - 1070-664X .- 1089-7674. ; 21:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alfven cyclotron instabilities excited by velocity gradients of energetic beam ions were investigated in MAST experiments with super-Alfvenic neutral beam injection over a wide range of toroidal magnetic fields from similar to 0.34 T to similar to 0.585 T. In MAST discharges with high magnetic field, a discrete spectrum of modes in the sub-cyclotron frequency range is excited toroidally propagating counter to the beam and plasma current (toroidal mode numbers n < 0). At lower magnetic field <= 0.45 T, a discrete spectrum of Compressional Alfven Eigenmodes (CAEs) with n > 0 arises, in addition to the modes with n < 0. At lowest magnetic fields, the CAEs with n > 0 become dominant, they are observed in frequency range from similar to 250 kHz for n = 1 to similar to 3.5 MHz for n = 15, well above the on-axis ion cyclotron frequency (similar to 2.5 MHz). The data is interpreted in terms of normal and anomalous Doppler resonances modified by magnetic drift terms due to inhomogeneity and curvature of the magnetic field. A Hall MHD model is applied for computing the eigenfrequencies and the spatial mode structure of CAEs and a good agreement with the experimental frequencies is found.
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| 3. |
- Smith, Håkan, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Runaway electron generation in tokamak disruptions
- 2009
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6587 .- 0741-3335. ; 51:124008
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Runaway electrons can be generated in disruptions by the Dreicer, hot tail and avalanche mechanisms. Analytical and numerical results for hot tail runaway generation are included in a one-dimensional model of electric field, temperature and runaway current, which is applied to simulate disruptions and fast shutdown. The peaked shape of the runaway current density profile may cause tearing modes to become unstable. Fast shutdown is studied by prescribing varying amounts of injected impurities. Large argon content suppresses runaways in JET simulations but causes hot tail generation in ITER. A pellet code is coupled to the runaway model, and it is extended to enable simulations of carbon doped deuterium pellet injection. Such pellets are seen not to give enough cooling for a fast current quench.
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