| 1. |
- Conradt, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-sectoral impacts of the 2018–2019 Central European drought and climate resilience in the German part of the Elbe River basin
- 2023
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Ingår i: Regional Environmental Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-378X .- 1436-3798. ; 23, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2018–2019 Central European drought was probably the most extreme in Germany since the early sixteenth century. We assess the multiple consequences of the drought for natural systems, the economy and human health in the German part of the Elbe River basin, an area of 97,175 km2 including the cities of Berlin and Hamburg and contributing about 18% to the German GDP. We employ meteorological, hydrological and socio-economic data to build a comprehensive picture of the drought severity, its multiple effects and cross-sectoral consequences in the basin. Time series of different drought indices illustrate the severity of the 2018–2019 drought and how it progressed from meteorological water deficits via soil water depletion towards low groundwater levels and river runoff, and losses in vegetation productivity. The event resulted in severe production losses in agriculture (minus 20–40% for staple crops) and forestry (especially through forced logging of damaged wood: 25.1 million tons in 2018–2020 compared to only 3.4 million tons in 2015–2017), while other economic sectors remained largely unaffected. However, there is no guarantee that this socio-economic stability will be sustained in future drought events; this is discussed in the light of 2022, another dry year holding the potential for a compound crisis. Given the increased probability for more intense and long-lasting droughts in most parts of Europe, this example of actual cross-sectoral drought impacts will be relevant for drought awareness and preparation planning in other regions.
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| 2. |
- Jin, Hongxiao, et al.
(författare)
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Higher vegetation sensitivity to meteorological drought in autumn than spring across European biomes
- 2023
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Ingår i: Communications Earth and Environment. - 2662-4435. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Europe has experienced severe drought events in recent decades, posing challenges to understand vegetation responses due to diverse vegetation distribution, varying growth stages, different drought characteristics, and concurrent hydroclimatic factors. To analyze vegetation response to meteorological drought, we employed multiple vegetation indicators across European biomes. Our findings reveal that vegetation sensitivity to drought increases as the canopy develops throughout the year, with sensitivities from −0.01 in spring to 0.28 in autumn and drought-susceptible areas from 18.5 to 57.8% in Europe. Soil water shortage exacerbates vegetation-drought sensitivity temporally, while its spatial impact is limited. Vegetation-drought sensitivity strongly correlates with vapor pressure deficit and partially with atmospheric CO2 concentration. These results highlight the spatiotemporal variations in vegetation-drought sensitivities and the influence of hydroclimatic factors. The findings enhance our understanding of vegetation response to drought and the impact of concurrent hydroclimatic factors, providing valuable sub-seasonal information for water management and drought preparedness.
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| 3. |
- Vicente‑Serrano, Sergio M., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of the interannual variability of meteorological drought on the cross-interactions of ecological and hydrological drought in the central Spanish Pyrenees
- 2023
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Ingår i: GeoFocus. - 1578-5157. ; 31, s. 55-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the influence of the interannual variability of climatic drought on ecological and hydrological droughts for a basin in the central Spanish Pyrenees using variables derived from observations and hydro-ecological simulation in order to determine the possible connection between meteorological, ecological and hydrological drought considering a cascading approach and encompassing different variables that give insights into water availability in the basin (e.g., soil moisture, streamflow, reservoir storages and releases). Using different climatic, ecological and hydrological standardized drought indices, we show the greater role of meteorological droughts in hydrological systems than in ecological systems, and the small influence of vegetation activity and growth in explaining the interannual variability of water resources in the basin. By contrast,hydrological droughts are strongly affected by precipitation variability with relationships characterized by seasonal differences and the role of different time-scales in the standardized drought metrics.
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