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- Bakken, Ingvild M., et al.
(author)
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The use of in vivo confocal microscopy in fungal keratitis - Progress and challenges
- 2022
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In: Ocular Surface. - : Elsevier. - 1542-0124. ; 24, s. 103-118
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious and sight-threatening corneal infection with global reach. The need for prompt diagnosis is paramount, as a delay in initiation of treatment could lead to irreversible vision loss. Current "gold standard" diagnostic methods, namely corneal smear and culture, have limitations due to diagnostic insensitivity and their time-consuming nature. PCR is a newer, complementary method used in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis, whose results are also sample-dependent. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a promising complementary diagnostic method of increasing importance as it allows non-invasive real-time direct visualization of potential fungal pathogens and manifesting infection directly in the patients cornea. In numerous articles and case reports, FK diagnosis by IVCM has been evaluated, and different features, approaches, sensitivity/specificity, and limitations have been noted. Here, we provide an up-to-date, comprehensive review of the current literature and present the authors combined recommendations for fungal identification in IVCM images, while also looking to the future of FK assessment by IVCM using artificial intelligence methods.
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| 2. |
- Villani, Edoardo, et al.
(author)
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Dry eye and cataract surgery: Narrative review and recommendations for management
- 2023
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In: European Journal of Ophthalmology. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1120-6721 .- 1724-6016.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cataract surgery is the most frequently performed surgical procedure in the elderly in Western countries and patients expectations for postoperative outcomes are very high. Dry eye disease (DED) is a common multifactorial symptomatic disease of the ocular surface with a complex etiopathogenesis and a prevalence significantly increasing with age. Cataract surgery and DED have a complex relationship, which needs to be acknowledged, understood, and properly managed, as suggested by daily clinical experience and growing scientific evidence. The surgical procedure can have a relevant impact on the tear film and the ocular surface, and it can, usually transiently, induce or exacerbate DED symptoms. Moreover, preoperative DED can affect surgical refractive outcomes, while postoperative DED symptoms can significantly worsen patients reported outcomes and satisfaction. At the end of this narrative review summarizing the evidence on this topic, the "Dry Eye and Cataract Surgery" subcommittee of the DROPS workshop formulated some recommendations for ocular surface and DED management pre-, intra-, and post-cataract surgery.
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