| 1. |
- Fomalont, E. B., et al.
(författare)
-
THE 2014 ALMA LONG BASELINE CAMPAIGN: AN OVERVIEW
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 808:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major goal of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is to make accurate images with resolutions of tens of milliarcseconds, which at submillimeter (submm) wavelengths requires baselines up to similar to 15 km. To develop and test this capability, a Long Baseline Campaign (LBC) was carried out from 2014 September to late November, culminating in end-to-end observations, calibrations, and imaging of selected Science Verification (SV) targets. This paper presents an overview of the campaign and its main results, including an investigation of the short-term coherence properties and systematic phase errors over the long baselines at the ALMA site, a summary of the SV targets and observations, and recommendations for science observing strategies at long baselines. Deep ALMA images of the quasar 3C 138 at 97 and 241 GHz are also compared to VLA 43 GHz results, demonstrating an agreement at a level of a few percent. As a result of the extensive program of LBC testing, the highly successful SV imaging at long baselines achieved angular resolutions as fine as 19 mas at similar to 350 GHz. Observing with ALMA on baselines of up to 15 km is now possible, and opens up new parameter space for submm astronomy.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Litaudon, X., et al.
(författare)
-
EUROfusion-theory and advanced simulation coordination (E-TASC): programme and the role of high performance computing
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6587 .- 0741-3335. ; 64:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a written summary of an overview oral presentation given at the 1st Spanish Fusion High Performance Computer (HPC) Workshop that took place on the 27 November 2020 as an online event. Given that over the next few years ITER24 will move to its operation phase and the European-DEMO design will be significantly advanced, the EUROfusion consortium has initiated a coordination effort in theory and advanced simulation to address some of the challenges of the fusion research in Horizon EUROPE (2021-2027), i.e. the next EU Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development. This initiative has been called E-TASC, which stands for EUROfusion-Theory and Advanced Simulation Coordination. The general and guiding principles of E-TASC are summarized in this paper. In addition, an overview of the scientific results obtained in the pilot phase (2019-2020) of E-TASC are provided while highlighting the importance of the required progress in computational methods and HPC techniques. In the initial phase, five pilot theory and simulation tasks were initiated: towards a validated predictive capability of the low to high transition and pedestal physics; runaway electrons in tokamak disruptions in the presence of massive material injection; fast code for the calculation of neoclassical toroidal viscosity in stellarators and tokamaks; development of a neutral gas kinetics modular code; European edge and boundary code for reactor-relevant devices. In this paper, we report on recent progress made by each of these projects.
|
|
| 4. |
- Young, WJ, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic architecture of spatial electrical biomarkers for cardiac arrhythmia and relationship with cardiovascular disease
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1, s. 1411-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 3-dimensional spatial and 2-dimensional frontal QRS-T angles are measures derived from the vectorcardiogram. They are independent risk predictors for arrhythmia, but the underlying biology is unknown. Using multi-ancestry genome-wide association studies we identify 61 (58 previously unreported) loci for the spatial QRS-T angle (N = 118,780) and 11 for the frontal QRS-T angle (N = 159,715). Seven out of the 61 spatial QRS-T angle loci have not been reported for other electrocardiographic measures. Enrichments are observed in pathways related to cardiac and vascular development, muscle contraction, and hypertrophy. Pairwise genome-wide association studies with classical ECG traits identify shared genetic influences with PR interval and QRS duration. Phenome-wide scanning indicate associations with atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block and arterial embolism and genetically determined QRS-T angle measures are associated with fascicular and bundle branch block (and also atrioventricular block for the frontal QRS-T angle). We identify potential biology involved in the QRS-T angle and their genetic relationships with cardiovascular traits and diseases, may inform future research and risk prediction.
|
|
| 5. |
- Huynh, P., et al.
(författare)
-
Modeling ICRH and ICRH-NBI Synergy in High Power JET Scenarios Using European Transport Simulator (ETS)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 23rd topical conference on radiofrequency power in plasmas. - : AIP Publishing.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Integrated Modelling effort (EU-IM) provides the European Transport Simulator (ETS) [1] which was designed to simulate arbitrary tokamak plasma discharges. Two new 1D Fokker-Planck solvers have recently been implemented within ETS: StixRedist [3] and FoPla [4]. To ensure the CPU time remains acceptable, the latter was parallelized with a generic and easy to implement method. In this paper, it will be shown how these modules were integrated in the ETS workflow in particular a first approach adopted to reach a consistency between wave and Fokker-Planck equation resolution. Also, the Verification and Validation efforts will be discussed. JET shots were analyzed and the ETS predictions were cross-checked against earlier validated codes external to the EU-IM effort, TRANSP [5] in particular, as well as against experimental neutron yield data. A good agreement was obtained, both when comparing the predictions with other codes for cases within their reach (minority or beam populations) and with experimental neutron yield data. Simulations illustrating the exploitation of the nonlinear collision operator when solving a set of coupled Fokker-Planck equations for cases when majority species play a key role will be also shown.
|
|
| 6. |
- Petersdorf, Effie W., et al.
(författare)
-
Role of HLA-B exon 1 in graft-versus-host disease after unrelated haemopoietic cell transplantation : a retrospective cohort study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Haematology. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2352-3026. ; 7:1, s. E50-E60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The success of unrelated haemopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is limited by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which is the main post-transplantation challenge when HLA-matched donors are unavailable. A sequence dimorphism in exon 1 of HLA-B gives rise to leader peptides containing methionine (Met; M) or threonine (Thr; T), which differentially influence natural killer and T-cell alloresponses. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the role of the leader dimorphism in GVHD after HLA-B-mismatched unrelated HCT.Methods: We did a retrospective cohort study of 33 982 patients who received an unrelated HCT done in Australia, Europe, japan, North America, and the UK between jan 1, 1988, and Dec 31, 2016. Data were contributed by participants of the International Histocompatibility Working Group in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. All cases were included and there were no exclusion criteria. Multivariate regression models were used to assess risks associated with HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQB1 mismatching. Among the 33 982 transplantations, the risks of GVHD associated with HLA-B M and T leaders were established in 17 100 (50.3%) HLA-matched and 1457 (4.3%) single HLA-B-mismatched transplantations using multivariate regression models. Leader frequencies were defined in 2 004 742 BeTheMatch US registry donors.Findings: Between jan 20, 2017, and March 11, 2019, we assessed 33 982 HCTs using multivariate regression models for the role of HLA mismatching on outcome. Median follow-up was 1841 days (IQR 909-2963). Mortality and GVHD increased with increasing numbers of HLA mismatches. A single HLA-B mismatch increased grade 3-4 acute GVHD (odds ratio [OR] 1.89, 95% CI 1. 53-2.33; p<0.0001). Among the single HLA-B-mismatched transplantations, acute GVHD risk was higher with leader mismatching than with leader matching (OR 1.73, 1.02-2.94; p=0 .042 for grade 2-4) and with an M leader shared allotype compared with a T leader shared allotype (OR 1.98, 1.39-2.81; p=0.0001 for grade 3-4). The preferred HLA-B-mismatched donor is leader-matched and shares a T leader allotype. The majority (1836 939 [91.6%]) of the 2004742 US registry donors have the TT or MT genotype.Interpretation: The HLA-B leader informs GVHD risk after HLA-B-mismatched unrelated HCT and differentiates high-risk HLA-B mismatches from those with lower risk. The leader of the matched allotype could be considered to be as important as the leader of the mismatched allotype for GVHD. Prospective identification of leader-matched donors is feasible for most patients in need of a HCT, and could lower GVHD and increase availability of HCT therapy. These findings are being independently validated and warrant further research in prospective trials.
|
|
| 7. |
- Takala, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Practice patterns in diagnostics, staging, and management strategies of gallbladder cancer among Nordic tertiary centers
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. - : Sage Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 112:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objective: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare malignancy in the Nordic countries and no common Nordic treatment guidelines exist. This study aimed to characterize the current diagnostic and treatment strategies in the Nordic countries and disclose differences in these strategies. Methods: This was a survey study with a cross-sectional questionnaire of all 19 university hospitals providing curative-intent surgery for GBC in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland. Results: In all Nordic countries except Sweden, neoadjuvant/downstaging chemotherapy was used in GBC patients. In T1b and T2, majority of the centers (15-18/19) performed extended cholecystectomy. In T3, majority of the centers (13/19) performed cholecystectomy with resection of segments 4b and 5. In T4, majority of the centers (12-14/19) chose palliative/oncological care. The centers in Sweden extended lymphadenectomy beyond the hepatoduodenal ligament, whereas all other Nordic centers usually limited lymphadenectomy to the hepatoduodenal ligament. All Nordic centers except those in Norway used adjuvant chemotherapy routinely for GBC. There were no major differences between the Nordic centers in diagnostics and follow-up. Conclusions: The surgical and oncological treatment strategies of GBC vary considerably between the Nordic centers and countries.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
