| 1. |
- Vlasov, Maxim, 1991-
(författare)
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Ecological embedding : stories of back-to-the-land ecopreneurs and energy descent
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis starts with the premise that to address ecological and climate crises, we need to understand their psychological and cultural roots found in the separation of modern societies from the natural world. This separation permeates mainstream approaches to sustainability that either sustain business-as-usual of the unbridled economic growth, or reform it with greener markets and technologies. At the same time, there is an emerging interest in alternative transitional ecopreneurs who have a different relationship with the natural environment and an agency with potentially more radical consequences for societal change. I look at ecopreneurs within the contemporary back-to-the-land movement, asking the following question: How do ecopreneurs reconnect with the land, and what does this mean for degrowth?My exploration was grounded in a dialogue between the literature on degrowth, ecopreneurship, critical organisational studies, and ecological embeddedness; and the ethnographic study of eleven back-to-the-landers who started small-scale ecological farms and permaculture enterprises in Sweden. I adopted a critical, narrative, and ethnographic research approach. The empirical research consisted of two studies that relied on narrative interviews and deep observations. The result was four essays that together, with the help of stories of back-to-the-land ecopreneurs, develop a process theory of ecological embedding.Ecological embedding is a process by which an ecopreneur is becoming more rooted in the land that provides the ecological conditions for life and economic activity. This process may be catalysed by psychological suffering in modern societies – an inner revolt – with examples of burn-out from the “rat race”, experiential deprivation of the office work, and ecological anxiety. The way back-to-the-land ecopreneurs develop, nurture, and negotiate their physical, emotional and spiritual ties with the land shapes the ongoing sensemaking and organising that is central to the formation of their alternative livelihoods and enterprises. It is also established that ecological embedding requires physical and psychological work on behalf of the back-to-the-land ecopreneur who navigates the contested terrain between the mainstream economy and alternative degrowth futures.The overall contribution consists in using the voices of back-to-the-landers in order to present their everyday experiences and critical knowledges about ecological embedding and transitions to a society that lives within planetary boundaries. Back-to-the-landers practice alternative forms of ecopreneurship that depart from the discursive and material conditions of the modern growth economy, and that revolve around a different set of values and objectives such as a more grounded life, non-materialist conceptions of well-being, regenerative ethos, post-capitalist relations, conviviality, resilience, alternative food economies and forms of local development. It is important to recognise the critical role of this new generation of individuals and families who enter alternative agriculture based on environmental and lifestyle aspirations, and who work hard to realise these aspirations on a daily basis, in spite of immense personal challenges and systemic hurdles that come from lacking institutional and political support.If we take seriously the ecopsychological crises of the modern civilisation and growth capitalism, to reconnect with local ecologies and to creatively downscale our economies becomes crucial. And this is not going to be an easy task.
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| 2. |
- Vlasov, Maxim, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship for resilience : embeddedness in place and in trans-local grassroots networks
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Enterprising Communities. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1750-6204 .- 1750-6212. ; 12:3, s. 374-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This paper aims to contribute to the emerging entrepreneurship research that deals with resilience by examining how embeddedness in place and in trans-local grassroots networks influences proactive entrepreneurship for local resilience.Design/methodology/approach: Three theoretical propositions are developed on the basis of the existing literature. These propositions are assisted with brief empirical illustrations of grassroots innovations from the context of agri-food systems.Findings: Embeddedness in place and in trans-local grassroots networks enables proactive entrepreneurship for local resilience. Social-cultural embeddedness in place facilitates access to local resources and legitimacy, and creation of social value in the community. Ecological embeddedness in place facilitates spotting and leveraging of environmental feedbacks and creation of ecological value. Embeddedness in trans-local grassroots networks provides entrepreneurs with unique resources, including globally transferable knowledge about sustainability challenges and practical solutions to these challenges. As result, entrepreneurship for resilience is explained as an embedding process. Embedding means attuning of practices to local places, as well as making global resources, including knowledge obtained in grassroots networks, work in local settings.Research limitations/implications: Researchers should continue developing the emerging domain of entrepreneurship for resilience.Practical implications: The objective of resilience and due respect to local environment may entail a need to consider appropriate resourcing practices and organisational models.Social implications: The critical roles of place-based practices for resilience deserve more recognition in today’s globalised world.Originality/value: The specific importance of the ecological dimension of embeddedness in place is emphasised. Moreover, by combining entrepreneurship and grassroots innovation literatures, which have talked past each other to date, this paper shows how local and global resources are leveraged throughout the embedding process. Thereby, it opens unexplored research avenues within the emerging domain of entrepreneurship for resilience.
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| 3. |
- Akpinar, Murat, et al.
(författare)
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The dynamics of coopetition : A stakeholder view of the German automotive industry
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 57, s. 53-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to calls for better understanding the dynamics of coopetition, this study aims to develop a framework that explains why the levels of competition and cooperation change over time. The framework adopts the two-continua approach to coopetition and the theoretical concepts of power and stake from the stakeholder literature. Integrating concepts from the coopetition and stakeholder literatures is a promising attempt, which is justified by the fact that stakeholders are in coopetition with the firm. According to our framework the power difference affects the level of competition, and vice versa, whereas common stakes affect the level of cooperation, and vice versa. This was subject to a test with insights from the in-depth analysis of the changing coopetition between the Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG during the period 2001–2012. Our findings explain why an environmental threat on one of the firms shifted the power difference and changed the coopetition first from cooperation-dominant to balanced-strong and then ended it through a full acquisition.
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| 4. |
- Elo, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Transnational intrapreneurship : opportunity development in transnational teams in the Nordic periphery
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 36:1-2, s. 103-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transnational resources of entrepreneurs and employees foster firm's competiveness. Firm competitiveness, especially the knowledge intensive business, is linked to its talent base and embeddedness in international networks providing business opportunities. However, in peripheral regions it is challenging to capitalise on international talent. This single case study describes an enterprise in Northern Sweden, which is strategically employing transnational diaspora resources and foreign STEM-talent as transnational intrapreneurs developing the business. The study contributes to international opportunity development and transnational diaspora research and illustrates how the creation of a transnational work-scape may compensate locational disadvantages and enable access to new opportunities and ideas.
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| 5. |
- Elo, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Transnational intrapreneurship: Opportunity development in transnational teams
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 36:1/2, s. 103-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transnational resources of entrepreneurs and employees foster firm's competiveness. Firm competitiveness, especially the knowledge intensive business, is linked to its talent base and embeddedness in international networks providing business opportunities. However, in peripheral regions it is challenging to capitalise on international talent. This single case study describes an enterprise in Northern Sweden, which is strategically employing transnational diaspora resources and foreign STEM-talent as transnational intrapreneurs developing the business. The study contributes to international opportunity development and transnational diaspora research and illustrates how the creation of a transnational work-scape may compensate locational disadvantages and enable access to new opportunities and ideas.
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| 6. |
- Gustafsson, Peter, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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Ecosystem transformation through complementor leadership : Market and nonmarket strategies in the shipbuilding ecosystem
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper examines the role of complementors in leading ecosystem transformation. With a focus on the shipbuilding ecosystem as a case study, we explore how complementors navigate the digitalization process within latent ecosystems. While the shipbuilding ecosystem comprises autonomous actors fulfilling complementary roles in ship production, the ongoing digitalization efforts present opportunities for transformative change. Drawing on the emergent nature of the case, we investigate the leadership and complementor dynamics shaping ecosystem transformation. By delving into these dynamics, we aim to offer insights into the leadership strategies employed by complementors and their impact on ecosystem evolution. Our study contributes to the broader discourse on ecosystem studies by addressing the overreliance on materialized ecosystems and retrospective studies, while also shedding light on the role of complementors as drivers of ecosystem transformation.
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| 7. |
- Gustafsson, Peter, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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Foreign market expansion of ecosystems : a process model
- 2024
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Routledge. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecosystems of actors that need to interact to create value for end users are becoming an integral part of firms' strategic realities as they reach new markets. However, the phenomenon of ecosystem internationalisation has not been explored in comparison to its practical prevalence. We conceptualise this phenomenon as agent-led structuration on new markets. We build on the structural ecosystem literature and literature on internationalisation challenges to create our recursive process model of ecosystem creation on foreign markets. Creating ecosystems on foreign markets necessitates new ecosystem structures that are adjusted to value propositions by orchestrators through interaction with foreign market actors. The model explains how ecosystem orchestrators drive the international expansion of ecosystems through blueprinting and aligning mechanisms and how these mechanisms help manage liabilities of foreignness. The model accounts for the agency of involved actors, and with the help of the bottleneckconcept bridges international business and ecosystem literatures.
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| 8. |
- Gustafsson, Peter, 1994-
(författare)
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Ships, clouds, and waves : understanding ecosystems in traditional industries
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation builds on a jointly phenomenological and theoretical approach to investigate how traditional industries face challenges related to ecosystem innovation. Phenomenologically, it investigates how innovation within the shipbuilding industry affects the activities performed by firms that have traditionally filled the role of suppliers to shipyards. Innovations in digitalisation threaten to upend long-standing relationships and, as a result, have a substantial impact on the structure of the industry, which has a long history of intense competition, long industry cycles, stable products and services, and dependence on global trade. Theoretically, this dissertation is positioned in the growing literature on ecosystems, which takes a particular interest in how innovation creates new interdependencies between actors, interdependencies that need to be aligned for value to materialise. Through this literature, we have an understanding of how innovation can enable new forms of value to reach end users, how firms can orchestrate such activities, and how new entrants can draw on innovation to threaten established industries. However, we have yet to fully consider how ecosystems emerge and are orchestrated in industries characterised by preexisting interdependencies and latent ecosystem structures and the role of complementors in this process.These issues are examined through four research papers that build on each other to investigate different aspects of the emergence and orchestration of ecosystems in traditional industries. This research follows an abductive approach, meaning that through iteration between data and theory, new results have been generated. The data for the studies are drawn from two case studies within the shipbuilding industry. The papers present four main findings: first, the emergence of ecosystems is significantly impacted by preexisting interdependencies, particularly incentives to innovate and regulatory dependence. Second, these preexisting interdependencies lead to complementors taking a leading role in innovation that spur the emergence of new ecosystems. Third, this is carried out through market and nonmarket strategies as firms must engage with each other and international organisations. Fourth, the preexisting interdependencies also lead to collective orchestration which requires significant internal coordination to successfully perform but allows for market actors to have greater influence in regulatory matters. I arrive at these results by drawing on insights from resource dependence theory, collective action theory, and corporate political activities.
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| 9. |
- Hakala, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Consumer-based brand equity and top-of-mind awareness : A cross-country analysis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Product & Brand Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1061-0421. ; 21:6, s. 439-451
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The study focused on dimensions of consumer-based brand equity, and especially the recall level of brand awareness. The purpose was to identify any statistically significant differences in brand recall in various product categories and different national contexts. Design/methodology/approach – This observation study explored relations between consumers' awareness of brands, attitudes related to brand equity, and changes in cultural context. Questionnaire data was collected from university students in four countries: the USA, Finland, France and Sweden. The respondents were asked about the brands of beverages, computers and cell-phones that first came into their minds, and their attitudes in relation to brand equity. Findings – It seems that the four dimensions of brand equity co-vary depending on the cultural context. The results also revealed a relationship between TOMA and the national context that was generalizable in the three product categories. Research limitations/implications – Culture as a contextual factor of consumer brand equity should be studied further. The findings should be replicated with non-student samples in other product categories and cultural contexts. SEM could be used to establish the causality and direction of the relationships between the various dimensions of culture and brand equity. Practical implications – The findings on the effect of the cultural context on brand equity are of practical relevance to marketing managers: they should tailor their branding strategies accordingly. Originality/value – The results gave valid and reliable evidence of a relationship between the TOMA dimension of brand equity and the national cultural context.
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| 10. |
- Hassett, Melanie, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-border mergers and acquisitions from India : motives and integration strategies of Indian acquirers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Value creation in international business. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319308036 - 9783319308029 - 9783319808918 ; , s. 109-139
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- India is an important player regarding mergers and acquisitions (M&As) from emerging economy (EE) countries, both in terms of inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI). After two consecutive years of decline, the gross value of cross-border M&A deals increased in 2014 by 34%, reaching US$ 900 billion. One key characteristic was the increasing amount of M&A deals with values larger than US$ 1 billion (World Investment Report 2015). Cross-border M&As from EEs, especially from China and India, have increased dramatically during the past decade (Bhagat et al. 2011; Sun et al. 2012; Nicholson and Salaber 2013). In 2014, multinational enterprises (MNEs) from developing economies alone invested US$ 468 billion abroad, which is a 23% increase on the previous year. According to the World Investment Report (2015), for the first time MNEs from developing Asia became the world's largest investing group. The largest home economies for FDI in developing or transition economies were, among others, China, Hong Kong (China), Singapore, Brazil, India, Chile, Indonesia, and the Russian Federation. In India the FDI outflow increased fivefold to US$ 10 billion in 2014 (World Investment Report 2015).
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