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| 2. |
- Laniel, Dominique, et al.
(författare)
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High-pressure Na-3(N-2)(4), Ca-3(N-2)(4), Sr-3(N-2)(4), and Ba(N-2)(3) featuring nitrogen dimers with noninteger charges and anion-driven metallicity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Physical Review Materials. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2475-9953. ; 6:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Charged molecular species, such as [N-2](x-), [O-2](x-), [C-2](x-), and [S-2](x-), follow the paradigm of carrying integer values of electrons. Here, the Na-3(N-2)(4), Ca-3(N-2)(4), Sr-3(N-2)(4), and Ba(N-2)(3) compounds were produced and characterized <70 GPa and evidenced to be composed of paradigm-breaking [N-2](x-) dimers with noninteger charges of -0.75, -1.5, -1.5, and -0.67, respectively. The anion-driven metallicity of the compounds is proposed as the physical mechanism enabling the noninteger electron count of the [N-2](x-) dimers. The properties of these dimers and the compounds bearing them are demonstrated to depend on their noninteger charge, paving the way to materials with electron-tunable features.
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| 3. |
- Menkveld, Albert J., et al.
(författare)
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Nonstandard Errors
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF FINANCE. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0022-1082 .- 1540-6261. ; 79:3, s. 2339-2390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty-nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
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| 4. |
- Thienel, Manuela, et al.
(författare)
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Immobility-associated thromboprotection is conserved across mammalian species from bear to human
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 380:6641, s. 178-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) comprising deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Short-term immobility-related conditions are a major risk factor for the development of VTE. Paradoxically, long-term immobilized free-ranging hibernating brown bears and paralyzed spinal cord injury (SCI) patients are protected from VTE. We aimed to identify mechanisms of immobility-associated VTE protection in a cross-species approach. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics revealed an antithrombotic signature in platelets of hibernating brown bears with heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) as the most substantially reduced protein. HSP47 down-regulation or ablation attenuated immune cell activation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation, contributing to thromboprotection in bears, SCI patients, and mice. This cross-species conserved platelet signature may give rise to antithrombotic therapeutics and prognostic markers beyond immobility-associated VTE.
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| 5. |
- Walter, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental and theoretical 2p core-level spectra of size-selected gas-phase aluminum and silicon cluster cations : Chemical shifts, geometric structure, and coordination-dependent screening
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 21:12, s. 6651-6661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present 2p core-level spectra of size-selected aluminum and silicon cluster cations from soft X-ray photoionization efficiency curves and density functional theory. The experimental and theoretical results are in very good quantitative agreement and allow for geometric structure determination. New ground state geometries for Al 12 + , Si 15 + , Si 16 + , and Si 19 + are proposed on this basis. The chemical shifts of the 2p electron binding energies reveal a substantial difference for aluminum and silicon clusters: while in aluminum the 2p electron binding energy decreases with increasing coordination number, no such correlation was observed for silicon. The 2p binding energy shifts in clusters of both elements differ strongly from those of the corresponding bulk matter. For aluminum clusters, the core-level shifts between outer shell atoms and the encapsulated atom are of opposite sign and one order of magnitude larger than the corresponding core-level shift between surface and bulk atoms in the solid. For silicon clusters, the core-level shifts are of the same order of magnitude in clusters and in bulk silicon but no obvious correlation of chemical shift and bond length, as present for reconstructed silicon surfaces, are observed.
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