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| 2. |
- Mccormick, Kes, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to a Research Agenda for Sustainable Cities and Communities
- 2023
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Ingår i: A Research Agenda for Sustainable Cities and Communities. - 9781800372023 - 9781800372030
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can cities and communities around the world become more sustainable? What can we do as researchers to help them? As we move through the twenty-first century, these questions assume ever-greater importance. Many of the quickest wins for human and planetary health involve reimagining and reconfiguring cities. Activities that generate negative impacts like air pollution and poor health are concentrated in cities, as are the potential benefits of improving resource efficiency and liveability. It is cheaper, easier and more efficient to provide services to people who are concentrated in cities. This fact applies to green infrastructure, sustainable housing, high-speed broadband and low carbon transport alike. Because cities concentrate material and human resources as well as services and infrastructures they offer incredible opportunities to advance sustainability.
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| 3. |
- Voytenko Palgan, Yuliya, et al.
(författare)
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Share and Repair in Cities: Agenda for Research and Practice on Circular Urban Resilience
- 2023
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Ingår i: Research Agenda on Sustainable Cities and Communities. - 9781800372023 - 9781800372030 ; , s. 81-102
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Share and repair organizations (SROs) have important implications for resource efficiency and socio-economic sustainability in cities, but their potential to contribute to long-term urban resilience has yet to be systematically investigated. Knowledge is scarce about how these nascent circular initiatives can provide building blocks for socio-economic recovery in the wake of recent crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the humanitarian crisis induced by the war in Ukraine, as well as what opportunities they may offer for delivering long-term resilience in cities. These crises bring societal urgency to such research.The aim of this chapter is to build a forward-looking agenda for interdisciplinary research and practice on circular urban resilience. We call for developing knowledge and theory on circular urban resilience, which would advance the understanding and explore relationships between the circular and sharing economy and urban resilience, thereby helping transform our cities towards resilience. This work is underpinned by four avenues for research and practice. There is a need for empirical evidence on the short-term responses of SROs to high-impact low-probability crises in different cities (Avenue 1) and on how municipalities around the world have engaged with SROs when responding to such crises (Avenue 3). This empirical account would help unpack the potential of SROs to support long-term resilience in cities (Avenue 2) and advance resilient urban systems by identifying pathways for municipalities to unlock the potential of SROs for long-term urban resilience (Avenue 4).Future research on circular urban resilience should not only trigger a fundamental shift in the conceptualization of share and repair strategies in light of urban resilience but also provide new ways for building resilient, just, and sustainable cities. Key messages to urban actors advancing sustainable cities and communities are to: 1) set urban resilience as a strategic goal; and 2) operationalize resilience and, when relevant, connect urban resilience and circular economy agendas."These changes mainly involve adding some commas for clarity and adjusting sentence structures.
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| 4. |
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A Research Agenda for Sustainable Cities and Communities
- 2023
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global in its outlook, this Research Agenda systematically reviews and critiques existing research on sustainable cities, calling for greater engagement with a diversity of perspectives. It interrogates foundational assumptions in the field and offers reframed perspectives on sustainability. Chapters also explore diverse approaches, actors and domains, locating emerging dynamics and new directions for practitioners.
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| 5. |
- Bauer, Fredric, et al.
(författare)
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Technological Innovation Systems for Biorefineries – A Review of the Literature
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining. - : Wiley. - 1932-1031 .- 1932-104X. ; 11:3, s. 534-548
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of a bioeconomy can be understood as an economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals, and energy are derived from renewable biological resources. Biorefineries are considered an integral part of the development toward a future sustainable bioeconomy. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize current knowledge about how biorefinery technologies are being developed, deployed, and diffused, and to identify actors, networks, and institutions relevant for these processes. Several key findings can be obtained from the literature. First, investing more resources in R&D will not help to enable biorefineries to cross the ‘valley of death’ toward greater commercial investments. Second, while the importance and need for entrepreneurship and the engagement of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is generally acknowledged, there is no agreement how to facilitate conditions for entrepreneurs and SMEs to enter the field of biorefineries. Third, visions for biorefinery technologies and products have focused very much on biofuels and bioenergy with legislation and regulation playing an instrumental role in creating a market for these products. But there is a clear need to incentivize non-energy products to encourage investments in biorefineries. Finally, policy support for biorefinery developments and products is heavily intertwined with wider discussions around legitimacy and social acceptance. The paper concludes by outlining current knowledge gaps
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| 6. |
- Bulkeley, Harriet, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Living Laboratories : Conducting the Experimental City?
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Urban and Regional Studies. - 0969-7764.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent upsurge of interest in the experimental city as an arena within and through which urban sustainability is governed marks not only the emergence of the proliferation of forms of experimentation – from novel governance arrangements to demonstration projects, transition management processes to grassroots innovations – but also an increasing sensibility amongst the research community that urban interventions can be considered in experimental terms. Yet as research has progressed, it has become clear that experimentation is not a singular phenomenon that can be readily understood using any one conceptual entry point. In this paper, we focus on one particular mode of experimentation – the urban living laboratory (ULLs) – and develop a typology through which to undertake a comparative analysis of 40 European ULLs, to understand how and why such forms of experimentation are being designed and implemented, and to identify the particular forms of experimentation they entail. We argue that there are distinct types of ULLs taking shape, delimited by the ways in which they are designed and deployed through, on the one hand, specific kinds of configuration and practice and, on the other hand, by the ways in which they take laboratory form: the different dispositions towards the laboratory they entail. We propose three ‘ideal’ ULLs types – strategic, civic and organic – and argue that these can be placed along the spectrum of four dispositions: trial, enclave, demonstration and platform.
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| 7. |
- Bulkeley, Harriet, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Living Labs: Governing Urban Sustainability Transitions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-3435. ; 22, s. 13-17
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban Living Labs (ULL) are advanced as an explicit form of intervention delivering sustainability goals for cities. Established at the boundaries between research, innovation and policy, ULL are intended to design, demonstrate and learn about the effects of urban interventions in real time. While rapidly growing as an empirical phenomenon, our understanding of the nature and purpose of ULL is still evolving. While much of the existing literature draws attention to the aims and workings of ULL, there have to date been fewer critical accounts that seek to understand their purpose and implications. In this paper, we suggest that transition studies and the literature on urban governance offer important insights that can enable us to address this gap.
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| 8. |
- Enochsson, Lucie, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of the sharing economy on urban sustainability : The perceptions of municipal governments and sharing organisations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 13:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By changing the institutionalised practices associated with resource distribution, the sharing economy could support sustainable urban transformations. However, its impacts on urban sus-tainability are unknown and contested, and key actors hold different perceptions about them. Understanding how they frame these impacts could help solve conflicts and outline what can be done to influence the development of the sharing economy in a way that fosters urban sustainability. This study explores the diversity of these frames across actors (sharing economy organisations and mu-nicipalities), segments (accommodation, bicycle, and car sharing), and cities (Amsterdam and To-ronto). A framework of the impacts on urban sustainability was developed following a systematic literature review. This then guided the analysis of secondary data and 51 interviews with key actors. Results show that accommodation sharing is framed most negatively due to its impact on urban liveability. Bicycle sharing is surrounded by less conflict. Still, in Amsterdam, which has a well-functioning bicycle infrastructure, it is viewed less positively than in Toronto. Car sharing is the most positively framed segment in Amsterdam as its potentials to lower emissions align with municipal sustainability agendas. Practical insights for negotiations between sharing economy organi-sations and municipalities to advance urban sustainability are proposed.
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| 9. |
- Evans, James, et al.
(författare)
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Smart and Sustainable Cities? : Pipedreams, Practicalities and Possibilities
- 2021. - 1
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart cities promise to generate economic, social and environmental value through the seamless connection of urban services and infrastructure by digital technologies. However, there is scant evidence of how these activities can enhance social well-being and contribute to just and equitable communities. Smart and Sustainable Cities? Pipedreams, Practicalities and Possibilities provides one of the first examinations of how smart cities relate to environmental and social issues. It addresses the gap between the ambitious visions of smart cities and the actual practices on the ground by focusing on the social and environmental dimensions of real smart city initiatives as well as the possibilities that they hold for creating more equitable and progressive cities. Through detailed analyses of case studies in the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, India, and China, the contributors describe the various ways that social and environmental issues are interpreted and integrated into smart city initiatives and actions. The findings point towards the need for more intentional engagement and collaboration with all urban stakeholders in the design, development and maintenance of smart cities to ensure that everyone benefits from the increasingly digitalised urban environments of the twenty-first century.
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| 10. |
- Evans, James, et al.
(författare)
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Smart and sustainable cities? : pipedreams, practicalities and possibilities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Local Environment. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1354-9839 .- 1469-6711. ; 24:7, s. 557-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart cities promise to generate economic, social and environmental value through the seamless connection of urban services and infrastructure by digital technologies (Hollands 2008, Viitanen and Kingston 2014), but there is scant evidence concerning their ability to enhance social well-being, build just and equitable communities, reduce resource consumption and waste generation, improve environmental quality or lower carbon emissions (Cavada et al. 2015). This special issue addresses the gap between the pipedream and the practice of smart cities, focusing on the social and environmental dimensions of real smart city initiatives, and the possibilities that they hold for creating more equitable and progressive cities. We argue that social equity and environmental sustainability are neither a-priori absent nor de-facto present in technological designs of smart city initiatives, but have to be made, nurtured and maintained as they materialise in particular places. This is the ‘possibility’ alluded to in our title, and where the focus of the Special Issue on the gap between the pipedreams and practicalities of smart cities leads. In this introduction we unpack this argument in greater detail and situate our six contributions within it.
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