| 1. |
- Izotovas, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Deception detection in repeated interviews: The effects of immediate type of questioning on the delayed accounts
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling. - : Wiley. - 1544-4759 .- 1544-4767. ; 17:3, s. 224-237
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we examined how different types of interviewing (eliciting more complete vs. less complete accounts) used in an interview conducted shortly after an event affected truth tellers' and liars' responses when they were interviewed again after a two-week delay. Participants (n= 80) were shown a mock intelligence operation video and told either the truth or lied about its contents in two interviews, immediately after watching the video, and after a two-week delay. In the immediate interview participants were instructed either to report everything they remembered, or asked spatial questions related to the event. In the delayed interview, all participants were asked to report everything. The differences between truth tellers and liars were slightly larger in the report everything than in the spatial questions condition. Results suggest that an immediate "report everything" instruction can aid to effectively discriminate between truthful and deceptive accounts.
|
|
| 2. |
- Strömwall, Leif, 1967, et al.
(författare)
-
Will the truth set them free? Suspects’ strategies during investigative interviews
- 2006
-
Ingår i: ”3rd meeting of the Nordic Network of research on Psychology and Law” (Turku, Finland).
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research on both investigative interviewing and deception detection has largely overlooked the investigation of guilty and innocent suspects’ strategies when being interviewed. In this study, mock suspects (N = 96) were interviewed by trained interviewers about a mock crime. The lying suspects had committed a mock crime (a theft), whereas the truth-tellers had not. In an extensive post-interview questionnaire, the suspects answered both closed- and open-ended questions. The analytic focus was set on differences between truth-tellers and liars, and statistical tests showed several significant differences: lying suspects experienced the interviews more cognitively demanding than truth-telling suspects; liars had planned the verbal content more, and were less satisfied with their strategy than truth-tellers. Analyses revealed that lying suspects to a higher degree than innocent suspects applied strategies in order to appear truthful. The open-ended answers were subjected to content analyses. Differences between liars and truth-tellers were found for a number of items, such as reasons for not having a strategy and in the strategy chosen. Lying suspects reported diverse strategies (most often avoid lying and telling the truth as much as possible), whereas truth-telling suspects reported the strategy to tell the truth like it had happened, indicating a belief in the visibility of innocence. Furthermore, differences were found for what the suspects did in order to make the statement appear reliable, and if there was anything in the statements that signalled truth and deception, respectively. Both theoretical – the psychology of guilt and innocence – and applied aspects of the findings are discussed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Deeb, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping Details to Elicit Information and Cues to Deceit: The Effects of Map Richness
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context. - : Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid. - 1889-1861 .- 1989-4007. ; 14:1, s. 11-20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Investigators often use maps in forensic interviews to verify a route that was taken by a suspect to obtain additional information, and to assess credibility. Method: We examined the effects of the level of map richness on the elicitation of information and cues to deceit. A total of 112 participants completed a mock secret mission and were asked to tell the truth (to a friendly agent) or to lie (to a hostile agent) about it in an interview. In phase 1 of the interview, all participants provided a verbal free recall of the mission. In phase 2, half of the participants were given a detailed map that included all street names and landmarks of the city where they completed the mission (zoomed in to 80%), and the other half were given a less detailed map that included the names of only major streets and landmarks (zoomed in to 60%). All participants were asked to verbally describe the mission and the route taken while sketching on the map. Results: Compared to lie tellers, truth tellers provided more location, action, temporal, and object details and complications in phase 1, and new person, location, action, and object details and complications in phase 2. Map richness did not have an effect on the amount of information elicited and had an equal effect on truth tellers and lie tellers. Conclusions: This initial experiment in this research area suggests that investigators do not have to worry about the exact level of map detailedness when introducing maps in interviews.
|
|
| 4. |
- Deeb, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Police Officers’ Perceptions of Statement Inconsistency
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Criminal justice and behavior. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-8548 .- 1552-3594. ; 45:5, s. 644-665
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined police officers’ (N = 71) perceptions of statement inconsistency types (within-statement, between-statement, statement-evidence, and within-group inconsistencies). Approximately half of the officers reported looking for statement inconsistency to detect deception. Officers generally associated contradictions and omissions with deception, and repetitions and reminiscences with truthfulness, but they were most likely to use contradictions. Officers reported using statement-evidence inconsistency more than any other inconsistency type, and they believed it was the easiest type to assess. Younger officers tended to believe that liars attempt to eliminate within-statement inconsistency unless they are strategically presented with incriminating evidence. Moreover, the majority of officers indicated that they have used drawings to assess inconsistencies with suspects’ verbal statements. Finally, suspects’ criminal history, intelligence, and personality were believed to influence statement (in)consistency. These findings are discussed in light of the literature on statement inconsistency, and recommendations regarding the applied use of statement inconsistency types are offered.
|
|
| 5. |
- Deeb, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Sketching routes to elicit information and cues to deceit
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Cognitive Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0888-4080 .- 1099-0720. ; 36:5, s. 1049-1059
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sketching while narrating involves describing an event while sketching on a blank paper (self-generated sketch) or on a printed map. We compared the effects of self-generated sketches and printed maps on information elicitation and lie detection. Participants (N= 211) carried out a mock mission and were instructed to tell the truth or to lie about it in an online interview. In the first phase of the interview, all participants provided a free recall. In the second phase, participants provided another free recall or verbally described the mission while sketching on a blank paper or on a printed map. Truth tellers provided richer accounts than lie tellers. Larger effect sizes emerged for the self-generated sketch condition than for the printed map and free recall conditions. This suggests that self-generated sketches are more effective lie detection tools when information on routes and locations is sought.
|
|
| 6. |
-
Detecting deception: Current challenges and cognitive approahes
- 2015
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 'Deception detection' presents state-of-the-art coverage of the science and practice of evaluating truthfulness and uncovering deceit, featuring contributions from leading international experts in the burgeoning fornesic subfield of deception detection.
|
|
| 7. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Detecting deception
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Brewer, N. & Williams, K. D. (eds). Psychology & Law: An empirical perspective. - New York : Guilford Press. - 1593851227 ; , s. 43-92
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this chapter we examine some of the latest research findings and explore what scientific psychology can tell us about the detection of deception. We focus mainly on research that has been conducted within the framework of psychology and law. First, we define deception and provide an overview of of the different lines of research found within the field. Then we explore the underlying core beliefs that people hold about the cues to deception. Next we focus on people ability to detect deception, and review research on the accuracy of the most commonly used lie detection methods (i.e., speech, physiological, and behavioural analysis). We then turn to objective cues to deception, differentiating the verbal and non-verbal cues that are, to some extent, diagnostic of deception from those that are not. Fi-nally, we examine attempts made to train people to detect deception.
|
|
| 8. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Police officers lie detection accuracy: Interrogating freely versus observing video
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Police Quarterly. ; :7, s. 429-456
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigated experienced police officers (N = 30) lie detection accuracy. Each police officer conducted an interrogation of a college student acting as a suspect either guilty or innocent of a mock crime, and made a veracity judgment of the suspect. The police officers had the opportunity to conduct the interrogation in the manner of their own choice. The lie detection accuracy of these police officers was compared to that of police officers judging video-taped versions of the interrogations. The police officers failed to perform detect deception better than chance. There was no difference in accuracy between police officers interrogating live and observing video. The interrogators reported to rely on verbal content more when interrogating than when watching video. It seems as if police officers have a difficult time detecting deception not only in passive contexts but also in active ones
|
|
| 9. |
- Hartwig, Maria, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
Deception detection via strategic disclosure of evidence
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Paper presented at the 14th European Conference on Psychology and Law, Cracow, Poland.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deception detection research has largely neglected an important aspect of many investigations, namely that there often exists evidence against a suspect. This study examined the potentials of timing of evidence disclosure as a deception detection tool. The main prediction was that observers (N = 116) would obtain higher accuracy rates if the evidence against the suspects (N = 58) was presented in a late rather than early stage of the interrogation. This prediction was based on the idea that late evidence disclosure would trigger lack of consistencies between the liars stories and the evidence, this could be used as a cue to deception. The main prediction received support. Late disclosure observers obtained an overall accuracy of 61.7%, compared to 42.9% of Early disclosure observers. Deceptive statements were identified with high accuracy (67.6%) in Late disclosure, indicating that the technique in this form is beneficial mainly for pinpointing lies
|
|
| 10. |
- Hartwig, Maria, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
Detecting Deception Via Strategic Disclosure of Evidence
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Law and human behavior. ; 29:4, s. 469-484
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deception detection research has largely neglected an important aspect of many investigations, namely that there often exists evidence against a suspect. This study examined the potentials of timing of evidence disclosure as a deception de-tection tool. The main prediction was that observers (N = 116) would obtain higher accuracy rates if the evidence against the suspects (N = 58) was presented in a late rather than early stage of the interrogation. This prediction was based on the idea that late evidence disclosure would trigger lack of consistencies be-tween the liars stories and the evidence, this could be used as a cue to deception. The main prediction received support. Late disclosure observers obtained an overall accuracy of 61.7%, compared to 42.9% of Early disclosure observers. De-ceptive statements were identified with high accuracy (67.6%) in Late disclosure, indicating that the technique in this form is beneficial mainly for pinpointing lies.
|
|
