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- Adolfsson, Johanna, 1986-
(författare)
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A new storm over the Naqab : The temporality of space in Israeli settler colonialism
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- How can a posthumanist conceptualization of landscape, one that embraces temporality and practice, help us to better understand contemporary settler colonialism? This thesis explores this proposition through its analyses of the desire of the Israeli state to ‘settle’ the Naqab. The Naqab, an area located in the south of modern-day Israel and within its borders, is continuously narrated as under threat of being lost to the Palestinian Bedouins. In contrast to the breadth of scholarly attention given to the occupied Palestinian Territories, there is a relative paucity of studies focusing on the Naqab and on the Palestinian citizens of Israel living therein. Inspired by the concept of taskscape and, more broadly, by a posthumanist political ecology approach, in this thesis I seek to remedy the determinist undertones quite often found in settler colonial studies.The thesis’ empirical data draw from qualitative methods and field research in the Naqab, undertaken during multiple field visits between the 2018 and 2021. The thesis comprises a comprehensive summary (kappa) and three research papers. In Paper 1, I show how a schism between the Jewish National Fund and the civil society green movement surfaced amid land conflicts between the state and Bedouin villagers east of Beersheva. I argue that this schism offers insights into how nature is negotiated in relation to environmentalism and Zionist ideology. Further, I discuss how these negotiations point to an emerging new self-image of a post-settlement state that has abandoned pioneering, and replaced it with a planted forest (and natural) landscape as an emblem for Zionist nature. In Paper 2, I focus my attention on a network of Jewish villages in the Naqab. Based on a discourse analysis of YouTube videos produced by two Zionist organizations, I show how the narrative of Jewish relocation to the Naqab encompasses a modern re-enactment of the pioneering ideal, one mediated by a new neoliberal ethos of Israel as a ‘start-up nation’ and the Naqab as a new Israeli tech-hub. Finally, in Paper 3, I trace the cultural and political context of forest grazing in the Naqab. I argue that while the state uses afforestation as a proxy for territorialization, the irony is that it is the Bedouins who are largely responsible for everyday management of these forest areas, as grazing is a cost-effective method for keeping shrubs and other undergrowth low. I argue that in trying to accommodate grazing in the forest, policy makers struggle to juggle Bedouin land claims via continuous use and cultural connection to the land. Throughout the papers I affirm the performance of Israeli settler colonialism through the making of the natural environment. I assert that the tendency towards forest and grazing regulation, also articulated in planning policy, represents a move beyond the ‘era of pioneering’ towards a more formal type of society. I conclude by contending that the multiple spaces and temporalities presented in the paper’s case studies are indicative of contradictory narratives in the portrayal of the Naqab is and thus assemble as a necessity of the settlement ambition.
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| 2. |
- Ahlqvist, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Formalized interpretation of compound land use objects – Mapping historical summer farms from a single satellite image
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Land Use Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1747-423X .- 1747-4248. ; 7:1, s. 89-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Notions of land cover relating to physical landscape characters are readily captured by satellite imagery. Land use on the other hand relates more to the societal aspects of a landscape. We argue that much of the spatial configuration of landscape characters is related to land use and that satellite data can be used to represent and investigate interpretations of land use. We propose and demonstrate the joint use of a novel SRPC procedure for satellite imagery together with an explicit representation of category semantics. We use these two mechanisms to identify a collection of conceptual spaces related to land use on Swedish historic summer farms. We also outline a framework for analysis of the relations between two separate ways of knowing: the machine-based knowledge and the human, mental knowledge. An evaluation demonstrates that satellite images can be used to identify land use processes as a mixture of land cover objects occurring in particular spatial contextual relationships closely tied to the land use category semantics. This opens up an unexplored possibility for research on vague spatial ontologies and questions on how to formally articulate different interpretations of space, land use, and other branches of spatial social science.
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| 3. |
- Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-urban agricultural transformations in Gothenburg, Sweden.
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Peri-urban agricultural transformations in Gothenburg, Sweden The study area, Hisingen, is the northern part of the municipality of Gothenburg, peri-urban to the city and comprising peri-urban residential, industrial and commercial areas as well as agricultural land. The study area has riverine shorelines to the Göta and Nordre rivers and coastal shoreline to the North Sea. The case study is primarily about the transformation of and the contemporary conditions for farming in a peri-urban area and with specific reference to dimensions of resilience and governance in relation to use of natural resources for land use. The focused time period is 1967-2014 using the situation in the mid-1930s as a reference for land use. The sources used for the study are interviews with farmers, city planners and other stakeholders, and land use data from land use map from 1934; an analysis of land use parcels (digital maps) from which are drawn statistics on agricultural production for each farm for the years 2001,2004, 2013. Additionally there are also analyses of municipality plans and national policy documents. Four challenges for current and future agriculture in this area were identified: 1.Farmer’s lease contracts (often short–term) means that land is in waiting stage to become con-verted to settlement areas or industries. 2.The establishment of a large number of small-acreage horse farms as renters replaces agricultural land use as horse enterprises are willing to pay higher lease then farmers are able to. This has direct bearing on land use changes since large parts of arable fields are used for grazing by horses, thus replacing other agricultural production. 3.Demand for land for housing and settlements increases the pressure on agricultural land. This is counteracted by a general municipality strategy of sustainable livelihoods which includes agricul-tural activities for local food production and active cultural landscapes. The contrasting demands and strategies create paradoxes and conflicts in municipal planning. 4.A rising number of conflicts of interests between farmers and urban dwellers, from uncomfortable smell to leisure activities has appeared and can be expected to increase. Three parallel transformation processes have been identified during the last four decades in the study area: (a) parallel development of intensification (specialized production of commodities) and extensifica-tion (horse farms) implying that significant arable land has been transformed into permanent pas-tures, (b) development of niche production and increase of farm size, and (c) abandonment of arable land including former grazing land.
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| 5. |
- Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-Urban Food Production and Its Relation to Urban Resilience
- 2016
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 8:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Food production on the urban-rural fringe is under pressure due to competing land uses. We discuss the potential to improve resilience for urban-rural regions by enhancing food production as part of multifunctional land use. Through studies of peri-urban land in the regions of Gothenburg (Sweden), Copenhagen (Denmark) and Gent (Belgium), recent developments are analysed. Arable farming has been declining since 2000 in all three areas due to urban expansion and recreational land use changes. In city plans, networks of protected areas and green spaces and their importance for human wellbeing have been acknowledged. Policies for farmland preservation in peri-urban settings exist, but strategies for local food production are not expressed in present planning documents. Among the diversity of peri-urban agricultural activities, peri-urban food production is a developing issue. However, the competing forms of land use and the continuing high dependence of urban food on global food systems and related resource flows reduces peri-urban food production and improvements in urban food security. The positive effects of local food production need to be supported by governance aiming to improve the urban-rural relationship. The paper discusses the resilience potential of connecting urban-rural regions and re-coupling agriculture to regional food production.
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| 6. |
- Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-urban land use tranformations in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Final Conference of RETHINK - Rethinking the links between farm modernisation, rural development and resilience in a world of increasing demands and finite resources, Brussels 2 December 2015..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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