| 1. |
- Benzies, K.M., et al.
(författare)
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Stability and change in health-related behaviors of midlife Swedish women
- 2008
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Ingår i: Health Care for Women International. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0739-9332 .- 1096-4665. ; 29:10, s. 997-1018
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the dimensions and stability in health-related behaviors (HRBs) among midlife Swedish women, and the factors that predicted change in those behaviors. At age 43, 569 women from a representative longitudinal sample completed questionnaires about lifestyle (diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol) and participated in medical screening. Four years later we mailed a follow-up questionnaire. HRBs clustered in two dimensions: healthy eating and addictions. There was a high degree of stability in HRBs; all women slightly increased their HRBs over time. After controlling for previous HRBs, education, marital status, and having children at home were significant predictors of HRBs 4 years later.
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| 2. |
- Bjärehed, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Do Adolescents Feel Worse Today ? – Comparing prevalence of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Disordered Eating From 2007 to 2023 in Swedish adolescents
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The prevalence of mental health issues is rising, especially among youth. Research shows that diagnosable and subthreshold mood disorder symptoms are increasing. Notably, and particularly troublesome, there are indications that some mental health issues, such as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and disordered eating (DE) behaviors, have increased during the last decades, these reports, however, do not always have a sound scientific basis. Furthermore, it remains unclear how these trends are developing, which aspects of mental health have deteriorated, and which have not.ObjectiveWe aim to study the changes in mental health, particularly NSSI and DE, over the past 16 years by comparing data planned to be collected in 2023 from a community cohort of adolescents (mean age 14 years) with the results from a corresponding cohort of adolescents who participated in the data collection in 2007. Methods Preliminary results presented here are based on a pilot sample of adolescents (mean age 14 years, N = 354) collected in preparation for the main data collection (planed date Mars-April 2023) in a large community cohort of adolescents. The new data will be collected in the same municipality as 2007 inviting all regular school students in grades 7-9. We expect that about 1500 students will participate in the new data collection and the cohort of students will be compared to a cohort of students (N=973) in grades 7-8 collected in 2007.Results & Conclusion No significant overall mean differences in NSSI and DE were found between the 2022 and 2007 samples. However, significant interaction effects were found between gender and year with girls in 2022 reporting significantly more NSSI compared to the girls in 2007. Furthermore, significantly more girls also reported repetitive (≥ 5 instances) NSSI (32.6% and 20.5%). Concerning DE, boys reported a significantly lower frequency of DE in 2022 compared to 2007. Overall prevalence of NSSI and DE appears to be rather stable over the last 15 years, but a possible increase of NSSI in girls, and a possible decrease of DE in boys, should be examined further.
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| 3. |
- Bjärehed, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Examining the Acceptability, Attractiveness, and Effects of a School-Based Validating Interview for Adolescents Who Self-Injure
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of School Nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1546-8364 .- 1059-8405. ; 29:3, s. 225-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents is a significant problem that needs to be addressed, and in some cases managed, in school settings. The current feasibility study uses screening questionnaires and follow up-interviews on NSSI in a community sample of adolescents (N ¼ 1,052) in Sweden. Both adolescents reporting self-injury (n ¼ 66) and a comparison group (n ¼ 31) were interviewed, and information disclosed about self-injury, as well as the results from the interviewers assessments of the seriousness of these behaviors, were examined. Generally, adolescents reported positive feelings about being interviewed, and 52% of those who had reported self-injury in the questionnaire disclosed NSSI in the interviews. Further, a majority of these cases, 76%, were not assessed as very serious. When NSSI was reported in a questionnaire 1 year after the interview, there were no indications of iatrogenic effects from participating in the interview. The results support the feasibility of using NSSI screening questionnaires in combination with follow-up interviews in schools.
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| 4. |
- Bjärehed, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Nonsuicidal self-injury in a community sample of adolescents: Subgroups, stability, and associations with psychological difficulties
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Research on Adolescence. - : Wiley. - 1532-7795 .- 1050-8392. ; 22:4, s. 678-693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patterns of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and their association with other psychological difficulties were studied in a community sample of young Swedish adolescents, by a 2-wave longitudinal design with a 1-year interval. Hierarchical cluster analysis at T1 identified eight NSSI subgroups in each gender, of which five were clearly replicated at T2. Among these were a subgroup with generalized high-frequent NSSI, which was associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems, and a subgroup of girls who engaged primarily in cutting and showed mainly internalizing problems. Generally, NSSI clusters among girls were more stable over time and associated with more psychological problems. The results indicate that different patterns of NSSI have different developmental and clinical implications.
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| 5. |
- Claréus, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a Swedish version of the short UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale among young adults
- 2017
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 6, s. 118-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- he UPPS-P model of impulsivity proposes that impulsivity comprises five distinct facets—negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking. The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale has been used to measure these facets. The purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the 20-item UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (SUPPS-P). The sample comprised 343 Swedish young adults (Mage = 24.21, SD = 2.01; 27% men, 2% other or undisclosed gender identity) who answered a questionnaire including the SUPPS-P; Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and questions regarding their alcohol consumption and substance use. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 5-factor, inter-correlated model, where each subscale of the SUPPS-P constitutes one latent variable. The convergent validity was established by replicating previously found correlations between the different impulsivity facets and depression, anxiety, frequency of alcohol consumption, and substance use. The internal consistency was acceptable for all the SUPPS-P subscales (Cronbach's α = 0.65–0.78, McDonald's ω = 0.65–0.79), except lack of perseverance (Cronbach's α = 0.60, McDonald's ω = 0.61). Thus, while the Swedish version of the SUPPS-P is suitable for assessing impulsivity in Swedish young adult samples, further research is needed to improve the psychometric properties of the lack of perseverance subscale.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Daukantaité, Daiva, et al.
(författare)
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What happens to young adults who have engaged in self-injurious behavior as adolescents? A 10-year follow-up
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-165X .- 1018-8827.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the longitudinal associations between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in early adolescence and various positive and negative aspects of mental health in young adulthood. The participants were a cohort of regular school students (n = 1064) in grades 7–8 from a Swedish municipality. Nine hundred and ninety-one of these completed an 11-page questionnaire (T1: Mage = 13.7; 50.3% girls); 1 year later, 984 students completed the questionnaire again (T2: Mage = 14.8; 51.1% girls); and 10 years later, 557 took part (T3: Mage = 25.3; 59.2% women). The prevalence of any NSSI (≥ 1 instance) decreased from about 40% in adolescence to 18.7% in young adulthood, while the prevalence of repetitive NSSI (≥ 5 instances) decreased from about 18 to 10%. Compared to individuals who reported no NSSI as adolescents, and controlling for gender and psychological difficulties in adolescence, adolescents with stable repetitive NSSI (i.e., repetitive NSSI at both T1 and T2) showed significantly higher levels of stress, anxiety, NSSI, and difficulties in emotion regulation 10 years later. Even infrequent and unstable repetitive NSSI in adolescence was associated with negative outcomes in young adulthood. These results suggest that stable repetitive NSSI in adolescence is a strong risk factor for mental health problems in young adulthood and that occasional engagement in NSSI in adolescence is an indicator of vulnerability for poorer mental health in young adulthood.
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| 9. |
- Hansen, Erling, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Mindfulness: Pilot Studies with the Swedish Versions of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2316 .- 1650-6073. ; 38:1, s. 2-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present article describes data from pilot studies with the Swedish versions of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS). The MAAS and two of the KIMS scales, Act with Awareness and Accept without Judgment, were found to correlate in the predicted direction with measures of well-being and emotional distress. The KIMS scales Observe and Describe showed more ambiguous results, possibly because these two scales measure a mixture of two opposite kinds of processes: healthy self-observation ("experiential self-focus") and unhealthy rumination ("analytical self-focus"). The KIMS was also used in an uncontrolled study with participants in an educational programme for close relatives of persons with borderline personality disorder, Family Connections (FC), which includes components of mindfulness training. The FC participants were found to (a) score lower than a comparison group on Act with Awareness and Accept without Judgment before treatment and (b) show significantly increased scores on Accept without Judgment after treatment.
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| 10. |
- Klingstedt, Marie-Louise, 1960-
(författare)
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Mönster av anpassningsproblem hos flickor och unga kvinnor på särskilda ungdomshem : En fyraårig uppföljningsstudie
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här avhandlingen handlar om flickor och unga kvinnor mellan 12 och 20 år som har vårdats på särskilda ungdomshem på grund av eget beteende. Avhandling består av två tvärsnittsstudier och en uppföljningsstudie. Huvudsyftet var att utforska flickornas och de unga kvinnornas mönster av externaliserande och internaliserande problem vid inskrivningstillfället på särskilda ungdomshem samt att undersöka om olika mönster av anpassningsproblem vid intagningen var relaterade till olika återanpassning fyra år senare. Det holistisk interaktionistiska perspektivet, livsloppteori och utvecklingspsykopatologi användes som övergripande teorier. För att utforska anpassningsproblemen vid inskrivningstillfället användes befintliga ADAD-intervjuer som utförs vid inskrivning. Uppföljningen utfördes med hjälp av telefonintervju och intervjuguiden anpassades till intervjuformen genom att använda igenkännande ADAD-frågor och ”positiva” frågor. I linje med det holistisk interaktionistiska perspektivet användes personorienterade metoder för att utforska mönster av anpassningsproblem. I uppföljningsstudien kombinerades en personorienterad och en variabel-orienterade metod. I Studie 1 identifierades psykometriskt lämpliga skalor utifrån dimensionsanalyser av de ungdomsrapporterade svaren i ADAD. Totalt identifierades 11 index med god konstruktvaliditet och god intern konsistens för fem olika problemområden. I Studie 2 utforskades mönster av externaliserande och internaliserande problem var för sig utifrån de index som utformades i studie 1. Den valda externaliserande klusterlösning bestod av nio kluster varav två inkluderade multiproblem. För de internaliserande problem valdes sjuklusterlösningen, två multiproblemkluster återfanns även i denna klusterlösning. Externaliserande och internaliserande syndrom tenderade att förekomma tillsammans hos samma individer i klustren med Låga problem enbart. Men också bland flickor och unga kvinnor med aggressivt beteende, då de tenderade att ha internaliserande problem som ångest, depression, somatiska problem och parasuiciadal problem. Detta skulle kunna tyda på "komorbiditet", d.v.s "samsjuklighet", mellan aggressiva externaliserande syndrom och internaliserande syndrom.I studie 3 undersöktes om olika mönster av anpassningsproblem vid intagning till särskilda ungdomshem var relaterade till social återanpassning fyra år senare. Resultatet visade att unga kvinnor i Missbrukssyndromet och Multipla-problemsyndrom 1 (Droger och egendom/drogbrott) rapporterade allvarliga fortsatta problem med narkotikamissbruk fyra år efter intagning. Allvarligast problem hade Multipla problemsyndrom 1 som injicerade droger samt också i hög utsträckning blivit återintagna i tvångsvård. Sammanfattningsvis har denna avhandling både teoretisk och praktisk betydelse dels då resultaten ger information om flickornas och de unga kvinnornas hela problembild utifrån ADAD, något som bör beaktas vid val av behandlingshem, vård och planering. Av vikt är också studie 3, där resultaten definieras utifrån viktiga livsomständigheter, t.ex. familje- och sociala relationer samt brottslighet, alkohol- och drogmissbruk och återfall i tvångsvård fyra år efter intagning till särskilda ungdomshem. Denna studie indikerar vilka syndrom som har de största utvecklingspotentialen gällande vård och resurser. Slutligen skulle studie 1 kunna vägleda framtida bedömningsmetoder, d.v.s. användning av de ungdomsrapporterade svaren i ADAD som visade sig vara vetenskapligt användbara.
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