| 1. |
- Azevedo, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2052-4463. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.
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| 2. |
- Van Bavel, Jay J., et al.
(författare)
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National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic. Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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| 3. |
- Hasle, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Monosomy 7 and deletion 7q in children and adolescents with acute myeloid leukemia : an international retrospective study.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Blood. - 0006-4971. ; 109:11, s. 4641-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monosomy 7 (-7) and deletion 7q \del(7q)] are rare in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We retrospectively collected data on 258 children with AML or refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) and -7 or del(7q) with or without other cytogenetic aberrations \+/- other]. Karyotypes included -7 (n = 90), -7 other (n = 82), del(7q) (n = 21), and del(7q) other (n = 65). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in fewer patients with -7 +/- other compared with del(7q) +/- other (61% versus 89%, P < .001). Overall, the 5-year survival rate was 39% (SE, 3%). Survival was superior in del(7q) +/- other compared with -7 +/- other (51% versus 30%, P < .01). Cytogenetic aberrations considered favorable in AML \t(8;21)(q22;q22), inv(16)(p13q22), t(15;17)(q22;q21), t(9;11)(p22;q23)] (n = 24) were strongly associated with del(7q) and a higher 5-year survival rate compared with del(7q) without favorable cytogenetics (75% versus 46%, P = .03). Patients with -7 and inv(3),-5/del(5q), or + 21 had a 5-year survival rate of 5%. Stem cell transplantation analyzed as a time-dependent variable had no impact on overall survival. However, patients not achieving CR had a 31% survival rate after stem cell transplantation. Childhood AML with chromosome 7 aberrations represents a heterogeneous group of disorders with additional cytogenetic aberrations having a major prognostic impact which should be reflected in future risk-group stratification.
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| 4. |
- Lenarciak, A., et al.
(författare)
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Thermal, electrical, and magnetic properties of Fe2O3-PbO-SiO2 glass prepared by traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling methods
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3697 .- 1879-2553. ; 135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, Fe-Pb-Si oxide glasses containing between 12.5 and 17.5 mol% Fe2O3 were prepared using two different methods comprising traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling techniques. The topography and structure of the materials obtained were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. All of the materials were found to be amorphous. The topography of most of the glasses comprised random or evenly distributed nanostructures, where the size and amount were dependent on the iron content and preparation technique. The thermal properties of the glasses were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, which showed that the glass transition temperatures varied between 529 degrees C and 552 degrees C. The electric conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of the glasses were analyzed by impedance spectroscopy and with an alternating current magnetic properties measurement system, respectively. The measurements of the electrical properties indicated a relatively low activation energy for direct current conductivity (similar to 0.5-0.68 eV), which is typical of the polaron hopping mechanism. All of the materials exhibited magnetic hysteresis loops and they were ferromagnetic.
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| 5. |
- Wójcik, Natalia A., et al.
(författare)
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Two-step synthesis of niobium doped Na-Ca-(Mg)-P-Si-O glasses
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 56:12, s. 7613-7625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Niobium doped biosolubility glasses in the Na–Ca–(Mg)–P–Si–O system were prepared by using an untypical two-step synthesis route. The parent glass was melted in air atmosphere at 1350 °C followed by re-melting the glass in Nb crucible with the addition of metallic Mg/Ca powder in the nitrogen atmosphere. The second melting step was carried out at 1450–1650 °C, using an induction furnace. The topography and structure of the obtained glasses were characterized by confocal microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopic techniques. The chemical compositions were examined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The glasses were found to be of grayish color, X-ray amorphous and having network connectivity between ~ 2.5 and 2.7. The network connectivity of re-melted glasses was lower than the one of the parent glass. The glass structure consists of a highly disrupted silicate network of predominantly Q2 groups as well as isolated orthophosphate tetrahedra. The parent glass contains nanocrystallites consisted of apatitic PO43− groups. The re-melted glasses contain non-apatitic or amorphous calcium phosphates. The obtained glass transition temperatures range from 530 to 568 °C and exhibit higher values for glassed doped with Ca metal. These glasses have improved thermal stability as compared to reference bioglasses. The biosolubility test in phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS) confirms that the glasses have biosolubility properties and HAp formation on the surfaces was observed.
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| 6. |
- Ali, Sharafat, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of composition on the thermal properties and structure of M-Al-Si-O-N glasses, M = Na, Mg, Ca
- 2024
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Ingår i: Progress in Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0079-6786 .- 1873-1643.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the composition, structure, and thermal characteristics of M-Al-Si-O-N glasses, with M representing sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), or calcium (Ca). The glasses were prepared by melting in a quartz crucible at 1650 °C and AlN precursor (powder) was utilized as a nitrogen source. The measured thermal properties studied were glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc), glass stability, viscosity, and thermal expansion coefficient (α). The findings indicate that increasing the aluminum content leads to higher glass transition, crystallization temperatures, and viscosities. In contrast, fragility values increase with the Al contents, while modifier elements and silicon content influence thermal expansion coefficient values. FTIR analysis revealed that in all glasses, the dominant IR bands are attributed to the presence of Q2 and Q3 silicate units. The effect of Al is observed as a progressive polymerization of the silicate network resulting from the glass-forming role of Al2O3. In most samples, the Q4 silicate mode was also observed, strongly related to the high Al content. Overall, the study shows that the complexity of composition-property correlations where the structural changes affect the properties of Mg/Ca-based oxynitride glasses has potential implications for their use in various technological fields.
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| 7. |
- Ali, Sharafat, Associate Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of the structural and thermal properties of aluminum-rich Ca–Al–Si–O–N glasses
- 2023
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Ingår i: Progress in Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0079-6786 .- 1873-1643. ; 71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we investigate the structure and thermal properties of aluminum-rich transparent Ca–Al–Si–O–N glasses. The obtained glasses were prepared by a traditional melt-quenching technique at 1650 °C using AlN as the nitrogen source. The obtained glasses have a nAl/nSi>1 and contain up to 17 eq.% of N. The structure of the glasses was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The structure analysis shows a higher preference for Si–N bond formation relative to Al–N bond formation and aluminum is predominately present in tetrahedral coordination as AlO4 units. The thermal properties of samples were studied by differential thermal analysis and the obtained glass transition temperature ranges from 875 °C to 950 °C, and is primarily influenced by the N content. The glass stability can be correlated with both the N and Al contents in the studied glasses. It is improved due to the increased degree of network polymerization by the incorporation of nitrogen.
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| 8. |
- Ali, Sharafat, Associate Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis, structural characterization, and thermal properties of Ca- and La-doped soda-lime glasses by laser melting
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Glass Science. - : American Ceramic Society. - 2041-1286 .- 2041-1294. ; 11:4, s. 699-706
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser melting techniques have been used in the preparation of unconventional glasscompositions with high melting temperatures. Thus, we wanted to test the feasibilityof using a CO2 laser in the preparation of nitrogen-rich oxynitride glasses and nitridesilicate glasses. Melting from oxides and metallic raw materials, we wanted to studyfirst glass formation and possible evaporation losses of the glass components. Twoglass series were prepared and studied for their structure and thermal properties, onewith Ca2+- and a higher melting La3+-doped soda-lime-silicate (SLS) series. In lessthan 3 minutes of laser melting, spheres of up to 6 mm diameter were successfullyfabricated. The obtained glass samples were homogeneous and transparent in thevisible region. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic analysis confirmed theamorphous nature of the synthesized samples. Sodium losses increase as calcium isadded to the soda-lime-silicate glass. As expected, increasing Ca2+ or La3+ additionlead to increased depolymerization of the silicate network. Moreover, the increasesin Tg with the addition of Ca2+ or La3+ ions indicating strengthening of the sodalime-silicate glass by increasing strength of the M-O bonds of divalent and trivalentions over monovalent sodium ions, weak Na-O bonds also resulting in significantevaporation loss during the short laser melting times. The thermal stability decreasesupon addition of Ca2+ or La3+ ions to the soda-lime-silicate glasses.
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| 9. |
- Kupracz, P., et al.
(författare)
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A method of determination of electrical conduction mechanisms in complex amorphous materials
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3093 .- 1873-4812. ; 498, s. 223-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel approach to determine conduction mechanisms in complex amorphous materials was presented and tested on a real system. In the first step of the presented method, total electrical admittance of the material is analyzed in order to separate a couple of processes, each of which can be described by Jonscher's universal dielectric response. In the following step, a temperature dependence of dielectric response parameters of the processes is determined and compared with known models of conduction mechanisms in structural amorphous materials. Using this approach, a presence of two different conduction mechanisms describing electrical conductivity in a two-phase glass was described.
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| 10. |
- Möncke, Doris, et al.
(författare)
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IR and Raman study of oxy-nitride glasses
- 2018
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Ingår i: Presented at Glass and the Meeting of Minds (SGT18), Cambridge, UK (2nd -5th September 2018). ; , s. 54-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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