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- Almkvist, O, et al.
(författare)
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Mild cognitive impairment -- An early stage of Alzheimer´s disease?
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Neural Transmission. ; 53, s. 21-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an early stage of Alzheimer´s disease (AD) was investigated by reviewing recent research from three sources: asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals carrying mutations that cause AD; hospital
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| 2. |
- Gerritsen, L., et al.
(författare)
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The influence of negative life events on hippocampal and amygdala volumes in old age : a life-course perspective
- 2014
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Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 45:6, s. 1219-1228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Psychosocial stress has been related to changes in the nervous system, with both adaptive and maladaptive consequences. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of negative events experienced throughout the entire lifespan and hippocampal and amygdala volumes in older adults.METHOD: In 466 non-demented old adults (age range 60-96 years, 58% female), hippocampal and amygdala volumes were segmented using Freesurfer. Negative life events and the age at which these events occurred were assessed by means of a structured questionnaire. Using generalized linear models, hippocampal and amygdala volumes were estimated with life events as independent variables. The statistical analyses were adjusted for age, gender, intracranial volume, lifestyle factors, cardiovascular risk factors, depressive symptoms, and cognitive functioning.RESULTS: Total number of negative life events and of late-life events, but not of early-life, early-adulthood, or middle-adulthood events, was related to larger amygdala volume. There were interactions of early-life events with age and gender. Participants who reported two or more early-life events had significantly smaller amygdala and hippocampal volumes with increasing age. Furthermore, smaller hippocampal volume was found in men who reported two or more early-life events, but not in women.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the effect of negative life events on the brain depends on the time when the events occurred, with the strongest effects observed during the critical time periods of early and late life.
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| 3. |
- Gouw, Alida A, et al.
(författare)
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On the etiology of incident brain lacunes: longitudinal observations from the LADIS study.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. - 1524-4628. ; 39:11, s. 3083-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We investigated regional differences in MRI characteristics and risk factor profiles of incident lacunes over a 3-year period. METHODS: Baseline and 3-year follow-up MRI were collected within the LADIS study (n=358). Incident lacunes were characterized with respect to brain region, their appearance within pre-existent white matter hyperintensities (WMH), surrounding WMH size, and risk factors. RESULTS: 106 incident lacunes were observed in 62 patients (58 subcortical white matter [WM], 35 basal ganglia, and 13 infratentorial). Incident subcortical WM lacunes occurred more often within preexisting WMH (P=0.01) and were mostly accompanied by new and expanded WMH (P<0.001), compared to incident basal ganglia and infratentorial lacunes. Risk factors for incident subcortical WM lacunes were history of hypertension and stroke, whereas atrial fibrillation predicted incident basal ganglia/infratentorial lacunes. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in relation to WMH and risk factor profiles may suggest that incident lacunes in the subcortical WM have a different pathogenesis than those in the basal ganglia and infratentorial region.
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| 4. |
- Gouw, Alida A, et al.
(författare)
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Progression of white matter hyperintensities and incidence of new lacunes over a 3-year period: the Leukoaraiosis and Disability study.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. - 1524-4628. ; 39:5, s. 1414-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We studied the natural course of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and lacunes, the main MRI representatives of small vessel disease, over time and evaluated possible predictors for their development. METHODS: Baseline and repeat MRI (3-year follow-up) were collected within the multicenter, multinational Leukoaraiosis and Disability study (n=396). Baseline WMH were scored on MRI by the Fazekas scale and the Scheltens scale. WMH progression was assessed using the modified Rotterdam Progression scale (absence/presence of progression in 9 brain regions). Baseline and new lacunes were counted per region. WMH and lacunes at baseline and vascular risk factors were evaluated as predictors of WMH progression and new lacunes. RESULTS: WMH progressed (mean+/-SD=1.9+/-1.8) mostly in the subcortical white matter, where WMH was also most prevalent at baseline. The majority of new lacunes, which were found in 19% of the subjects (maximum=9), also appeared in the subcortical white matter, mainly of the frontal lobes, whereas most baseline lacunes were located in the basal ganglia. Baseline WMH and lacunes predicted both WMH progression and new lacunes. Furthermore, previous stroke, diabetes, and blood glucose were risk factors for WMH progression. Male sex, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, previous stroke, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels were risk factors for new lacunes. CONCLUSIONS: WMH and lacunes progressed over time, predominantly in the subcortical white matter. Progression was observed especially in subjects with considerable WMH and lacunes at baseline. Moreover, the presence of vascular risk factors at baseline predicted WMH progression and new lacunes over a 3-year period.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Annica, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Increased frequency of a new polymorphism in the cell division cycle 2 (cdc2) gene in patients with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Neuroscience letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940. ; 340:1, s. 69-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies show linkage between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and two loci on chromosome 10. The cell division cycle 2 (cdc2) gene is located close to one of the chromosome 10 markers, and is a candidate gene for AD since it is involved in the pathogenesis of AD. We sequenced coding exons and flanking intronic sequences and the promoter region on the cdc2 gene and found three new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We analyzed 272 Caucasian AD cases, 160 controls and 70 cases with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) for these SNPs. Homozygosity for one of the SNPs (Ex6+7I/D) was more frequent in both AD and FTD cases than in controls. In the combined tauopathy (AD and FTD) group the odds ratio (OR) was 1.77 (95% CI 1.19-2.63) for the Ex6+7II genotype. Our findings suggest that the Ex6+7I allele is associated with tauopathies, both AD and FTD.
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| 9. |
- Ropele, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitation of brain tissue changes associated with white matter hyperintensities by diffusion-weighted and magnetization transfer imaging: the LADIS (Leukoaraiosis and Disability in the Elderly) study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI. - : Wiley. - 1053-1807 .- 1522-2586. ; 29:2, s. 268-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To explore the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) for the improved detection and quantification of cerebral tissue changes associated with ageing and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: DWI (n = 340) and MTI (n = 177) were performed in nine centers of the multinational Leukoaraiosis And DISability (LADIS) study investigating the impact of WMH on 65- to 85-year-old individuals without prior disability. We assessed the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) of normal appearing brain tissue (NABT) and within WMH and related them to subjects' age and WHM severity according to the Fazekas score. RESULTS: ADC and MTR values showed a significant inter-site variation, which was stronger for the MTR. After z-transformation multiple regression analysis revealed WMH severity and age as significant predictors of global ADC and MTR changes. Only lesional ADC, but not MTR was related to WMH severity. CONCLUSION: ADC and MTR are both sensitive for age and WMH related changes in NABT. The ADC is more sensitive for tissue changes within WMH and appears to be more robust for multicenter settings.
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