| 1. |
- Andersson Shams Hakimi, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of fibrinogen and platelet supplementation on clot formation and platelet aggregation in blood samples from cardiac surgery patients.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Thrombosis research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2472 .- 0049-3848. ; 134:4, s. 895-900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bleeding after cardiac surgery may be caused by surgical factors, impaired haemostasis, or a combination of both. Transfusion of blood products is used to improve haemostasis, but little is known about what combination is optimal. We hypothesized that addition of both fibrinogen and platelets to blood samples from cardiac surgery patients would improve clot formation and platelet aggregation to a greater extent than if the components were added separately.
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| 2. |
- Andersson Shams Hakimi, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro assessment of platelet concentrates with multiple electrode aggregometry.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Platelets. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0953-7104 .- 1369-1635. ; 26:2, s. 132-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT Storage impairs platelet function. It was hypothesized that multiple electrode aggregometry in vitro could be used to follow aggregability in platelet concentrates over time and that the results predict the efficacy of platelet transfusion in an ex vivo transfusion model. In vitro platelet aggregability was assessed in apheresis and pooled buffy coat platelet concentrates (BCs) (n = 13 each) using multiple electrode aggregometry with different agonists 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after preparation. In the ex vivo transfusion model, whole blood samples from nine healthy volunteers were collected every second day. The samples were supplemented with stored platelets (+146 × 10(9) × l(-1)) from the same unit 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after preparation. Platelet aggregability was assessed in the concentrate and in the whole blood samples before and after platelet supplementation. There was a continuous reduction in in vitro platelet aggregability over time in both apheresis and pooled BCs. The same pattern was observed after ex vivo addition of apheresis and pooled BCs to whole blood samples. The best correlation between in vitro aggregability and changes in aggregation after addition was achieved with collagen as agonist (r = 0.67, p
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| 3. |
- Aulin, Julia
(författare)
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Biomarkers of inflammation in atrial fibrillation
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common and associated with increased risk of stroke, heart failure (HF) and mortality. Inflammation is linked to AF.The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate inflammatory activity and cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients with AF on effective oral anticoagulation. Levels of the inflammatory biomarkers interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen at study entry and serial changes of IL-6 over time were investigated and related to stroke or systemic embolism, mortality and other cardiovascular events, including major bleeding. Associations between IL-6, CRP and biomarkers of cardiorenal dysfunction (NT-proBNP, troponin, GDF-15 and cystatin C) and HF hospitalisation, recurrent HF hospitalisations and mortality, were also investigated in patients with AF stratified for HF symptoms and reduced or preserved ejection fraction.The study populations consisted of patients with AF included in the biomarker substudies of the large multicentre randomised controlled trials RE-LY (n=6,187) and ARISTOTLE (n=14,954) with a median follow-up of 2.0 and 1.9 years, respectively. Repeated IL-6 measurements were available at study entry and at any postbaseline time point at 3, 6 and 12 months in RE-LY (n=2,559), and at study entry and at 2 months in ARISTOTLE (n=4,830). For HF stratification, patients in ARISTOTLE with information on HF symptoms and left ventricular function at study entry and with IL-6, CRP, NT-proBNP, troponin T, GDF-15 and cystatin C available at randomisation (n=11,818) were included.Higher level of IL-6, but not of CRP, was significantly associated with higher risk of mortality in Cox models adjusted for established clinical risk factors and other cardiovascular biomarkers. The level of any of the studied inflammatory biomarkers was not independently associated with any other cardiovascular outcome, including stroke or systemic embolism or major bleeding, in presence of other strong cardiovascular biomarkers. Levels of IL-6 were stable over time and persistent inflammatory activity was associated with increased risk of mortality, independent of clinical risk factors and other prognostic biomarkers. All biomarkers (IL-6, CRP, NT-proBNP, troponin T, GDF-15 and cystatin C) were associated with higher risk of HF hospitalisation and mortality regardless of HF symptoms and reduced or preserved ejection fraction.In conclusion, in anticoagulated patients with AF, higher level of IL-6, but not of CRP, was associated with higher risk of mortality, independent of clinical risk factors and other cardiovascular biomarkers. IL-6 levels were stable over time and provided incremental information on the risk of mortality irrespective of when measured. IL-6 may therefore serve as a risk marker for fatal outcomes. Biomarkers improved the identification of patients with AF at risk of HF in addition to clinical and echocardiography data.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with increased aquaporin-4 microparticles prior to autoantibodies in cerebrospinal fluid : a case report
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Case Reports. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1752-1947. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are severe autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system associated with the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against the water channel protein aquaporin-4. During exacerbation, specific aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G may be produced intrathecally. We measured extracellular aquaporin-4 microparticles in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient who later developed the typical symptoms and signs of a neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.CASE PRESENTATION: A 17-year-old South American girl developed acute severe motor and vocal tics and difficulties in walking, peripheral numbness, muscle pain, and bilateral headache. At age 22, she had a multitude of motor and psychiatric symptoms. Over the years, she fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, depression, sleep disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, development coordination disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, hypomania, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections, conversion disorder, psychosis, and schizotypal personality syndrome. At age 24, she was found to have elevated titers of aquaporin-4 antibodies in serum, suggestive of probable neuromyelitis optica. She subsequently developed visual impairment, and swollen optic nerves were verified by magnetic resonance imaging. She was thus treated with a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeted against the pan-B-cell marker CD20 (rituximab), and almost all symptoms, including the psychiatric symptoms, rapidly decreased. We found a significant increase of extracellular microparticles of aquaporin-4 in cerebrospinal fluid sampled from our patient when she was 22 years old, 2 years before the full clinical development of neuromyelitis optica.CONCLUSIONS: Microparticles of aquaporin-4 represent subcellular arrangements that may influence the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and may serve as biomarkers for the underlying cellular disturbances. The increase of aquaporin-4 microparticles in cerebrospinal fluid may be used for early diagnostic purposes; for prevention; and for evaluation of effective treatment, long-term follow-up studies, and elucidating the pathophysiology in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Further studies of aquaporin-4 microparticles in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuromyelitis optica and similar neuropsychiatric disorders are thus called for.
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| 6. |
- Berendse, F, et al.
(författare)
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Raised atmospheric CO2 levels and increased N deposition cause shifts in plant species composition and production in Sphagnum bogs
- 2001
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 7:5, s. 591-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Part of the missing sink in the global CO2 budget has been attributed to the positive effects of CO2 fertilization and N deposition on carbon sequestration in Northern Hemisphere terrestrial ecosystems. The genus Sphagnum is one of the most important groups of plant species sequestrating carbon in temperate and northern bog ecosystems, because of the low decomposability of the dead material it produces. The effects of raised CO2 and increased atmospheric N deposition on growth of Sphagnum and other plants were studied in bogs at four sites across Western Europe. Contrary to expectations, elevated CO2 did not significantly affect Sphagnum biomass growth. Increased N deposition reduced Sphagnum mass growth, because it increased the cover of vascular plants and the tall moss Polytrichum strictum. Such changes in plant species composition may decrease carbon sequestration in Sphagnum-dominated bog ecosystems.
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| 7. |
- Bergen, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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High levels of endothelial and platelet microvesicles in patients with type 1 diabetes irrespective of microvascular complications
- 2020
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Ingår i: Thrombosis Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0049-3848 .- 1879-2472. ; 196, s. 78-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionPatients with type 1 diabetes have high risk of developing microvascular complications, and microangiopathy contributes to premature cardiovascular disease in this population. The role that microvesicles (MVs) may play in the development of microangiopathy in type 1 diabetes remains unclear.Materials and methodsPlasma levels of endothelial MVs (EMVs) and platelet MVs (PMVs) in 130 patients with type 1 diabetes without microangiopathy, 106 patients with microangiopathy and 100 matched healthy controls were analyzed using flow cytometry. MV expression of procoagulant phosphatidylserine (PS) and proinflammatory high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) was also assessed.ResultsPatients with type 1 diabetes had markedly elevated levels of EMVs and PS+ EMVs as well as PMVs and PS+ PMVs compared to healthy controls (p < .001 for all). Furthermore, HMGB1+ EMVs and HMGB1+ PMVs were significantly increased in patients (p < .001 for all). After adjusting for potential confounders, there were no clear differences between patients with or without microvascular complications for any of the MV parameters.ConclusionType 1 diabetes is a prothrombotic and proinflammatory disease state that, regardless of the presence of clinical microangiopathy, is associated with elevated levels of plasma MVs, in particular those of an endothelial origin. We have for the first time demonstrated that patients with type 1 diabetes have higher levels of HMGB1+ MVs. HMGB1 is an alarmin with potent proinflammatory effects that drive endothelial dysfunction, and it would therefore be of interest to further study the role of HMGB1+ MVs in the development of macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Andreas, 1980-
(författare)
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Platelet Adhesion to Proteins in Microplates : Applications in Experimental and Clinical Research
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Platelets are crucial for prevention of blood loss after vessel injury. Platelet adhesion to disrupted vessel walls is mediated by receptors such as the GPIb-IX-V complex that binds von Willebrand factor and the collagen-binding integrin α2β1. Also cross-linking of platelets, mediated by αIIbβ3 that binds to fibrinogen, results in platelet aggregation that further contributes to hemostasis. Platelets are also important pathophysiologically because of their role in thrombus formation following atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Pharmacological treatments aimed to prevent such events include use of platelet inhibitors such as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel. Despite the presence of several different platelet function assays, no one has so far been considered useful for clinical evaluation of the effect of anti-platelet treatment. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate possible applications in experimental as well as in clinical research for a platelet adhesion assay performed during static conditions. In principle, platelets in plasma are allowed to attach to protein coated microplates. Adhered platelets are then detected by induction of an enzymatic reaction followed by spectrophotometric measurements of the developed product. Our results show that the platelet adhesion assay is able to detect experimentally induced activation as well as inhibition of platelets. The assay also seems useful for investigation of synergistically induced platelet activation, especially when the coated surface consists of albumin. This is exemplified by the combination of lysophosphatidic acid and adrenaline, which induced a synergistically increased platelet adhesion to albumin that was dependent on αIIbβ3-receptors and on the secretion of ADP. Furthermore, secretion of ADP as well as TXA2 seems to contribute to several adhesive reactions investigated with this assay. The dependence on secretion, together with results showing that adhesion to collagen and fibrinogen is dependent on α2β1- and αIIbβ3-receptors respectively, indicate that the adhesive interactions occurring in the assay is in accordance with the general knowledge about platelet function. Regarding clinical applications, we found that platelet adhesion was increased for patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) compared to controls. This is in line with the in vivo function of ET-platelets since a common complication for ET-patients is thrombosis. Furthermore, the assay was able to detect effects of treatment with clopidogrel in patients with unstable angina. To some extent it also measured the effects of ASA-treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that the assay is suitable for experimental research and that further studies should be performed aimed at developing the assay into a clinically useful device.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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STATUS OF THE MAX IV LIGHT SOURCE PROJECT
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Particle Accelerator Conference 2006, Edinburgh, UK.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Falkengren-Grerup, U., et al.
(författare)
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Does nitrogen deposition change the flora?
- 2000
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Ingår i: Effects of nitrogen deposition on forest ecosystems. - Stockholm : Naturvårdsverket.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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