| 1. |
- Ejserholm, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Biocompatibility of a polymer based on Off-Stoichiometry Thiol-Enes + Epoxy (OSTE+) for neural implants.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biomaterials research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-7124. ; 19:19, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The flexibility of implantable neural probes has increased during the last 10 years, starting with stiff materials such as silicone to more flexible materials like polyimide. We have developed a novel polymer based on Off-Stoichiometry Thiol-Enes + Epoxy (OSTE+, consisting of a thiol, two allyls, an epoxy resin and two initiators), which is up to 100 times more flexible than polyimide. Since a flexible neural probe should be more biocompatible than a stiff probe, an OSTE+ probe should be more biocompatible than one composed of a more rigid material. We have investigated the toxicity of OSTE+ as well as of OSTE+ that had been incubated in water for a week (OSTE+H2O) using MTT assays with mouse L929 fibroblasts. We found that OSTE+ showed cytotoxicity, but OSTE+H2O did not. Extracts were analyzed using LC-MS and GC-MS in order to identify leaked chemicals.
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| 2. |
- Ewald, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Modellering som pedagogisk metod
- 2005
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing].
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Att hantera och använda sig av modellerings- och simuleringsverktyg är inte enbart något som en majoritet av våra studenter får stor nytta av i sitt framtida yrkesliv. Det är också användbara pedagogiska verktyg för att nå insikt i hur olika system fungerar, hur vi subjektivt uppfattar att systemen fungerar och även att kommunicera denna uppfattning. I vår undervisning inom Lund University Master’s Programme in International Environmental Science (LUMES) är metoder som “causal loop diagram” och annan “mind mapping” viktiga verktyg för att få studenter med vitt skilda akademiska och kulturella bakgrunder att kommunicera på ett effektivt sätt. Studenterna tvingas även ifrågasätta sina egna värderingar då metoderna förutsätter att de tar klar ställning till hur ett system fungerar. Även för “rena” tekniker/naturvetare har jag funnit att en djupare förståelse för vissa, ofta relativt enkla fenomen och processer, t.ex. kemisk jämvikt, bioackumulation av miljögifter, snabbt och effektivt kan förmedlas med hjälp av att använda modelleringsövningar i undervisningen. Vi jämför de olika studentkategorienas utgångspunkter för att konstruera modeller och visar hur modellering kan användas för olika syften i undervisningen.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nastar, Maryam, et al.
(författare)
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An interdisciplinary approach to resolving conflict in the water domain
- 2009
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Ingår i: Information Technologies in Environmental Engineering (Environmental Science and Engineering). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1863-5520. - 9783540883500 ; 2, s. 411-424
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrated Water Management (IWM) in line with the European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) promotes a collaborative-oriented approach to tackle water management issues. This requires the participation of various government departments and stakeholder groups along with scientists and experts from different scientific disciplines. Conflict, arising from the diversity of perspectives, beliefs and benefits among those interest groups is a common characteristic of integrated water management. In order to benefit from stakeholder participations in supporting and accepting any results obtained in stakeholder meetings etc, the conflict of interests must be addressed. Examining the essence of the conflict, the Integrated Sustainability Assessment (ISA) is a form of knowledge co-production aiming at gathering and synthesizing diverse perceptions of persisting problems. ISA is a cyclical process of scoping, envisioning, experimenting and learning to provide the stakeholder with a deeper understanding of causalities behind the water issues. Following the visionary process of ISA, we particularly focus on agent based modeling as an essential method to understand and visualize the complexity of water resource management. Agent Based Models (ABM.) complements traditional analytic methods and is a useful approach to depict not only the roots of conflict, but also potential resolutions based on stakeholders viewpoints. Nevertheless, ABM and designing and implementing the computer applications, which are supposed to reflect the ideas shaped during the ISA process, is very challenging. There are few examples of computer models, if any, embedding multiple disciplines to capture the interactions among stakeholders related to water issues. As a result of these challenges, many developed models detach from the initial goals and cannot be used effectively to address the problem. We strive to address some of these challenges by recognizing the need for an analytical (conceptual) framework along with empirical evidence from case studies as well as utilizing appropriate methodologies and tools for the implementation phase. Respectively, first, we explore the role of the Agent Modeling Language (AML) to develop the conceptual model upon which the computer models should be built up. AML provides a rich set of modeling constructs for modeling applications that substantiates and/or shows characteristics of multi-agent systems such as a river basin with all its stakeholders. Second, we propose to apply eXtreme Programming (XP) methodology to implement agent-based models. XP is based on short-time software delivery providing the developers with the opportunity of fixing the applications' errors, and changing the direction of development in the early stages. We use an example to illustrate the process of developing an agent-based model and how to deal with the complications of converging different perspectives in the model.
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| 7. |
- Sverdrup, Harald, et al.
(författare)
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Application of natural, social, and economical sustainability limitations to forest management, based on Swedish experiences
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Sustainable Forestry. - 1054-9811. ; 21:2/3, s. 147-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedWe suggest a method of analyzing the sustainability conditions for forestry from three major realms: environmental, social, and economic. The tools and methods were tested at sites in Sweden. Assessments were made for the long-term sustainability concerning the impact of present management practices on the balances of nutrients in monocultures and mixed-species stands. In the economic assessments, both traditional terms but also costs and revenues from adaptation to defined biodiversity criteria and public service demands were accounted for. An alternative to traditional discounting was used for transferring monetary value over time, by introducing spruce pulp equivalent units. Several scenarios with unsustainable conditions could be identified as well as appropriate management measures that can be taken to correct the issue. Results showed that the changes in management methods needed are possible and feasible. No significant difference in the net profit from the Norway spruce monocultures and the deciduous-conifer mixed stands were found. An increased use of deep rooting tree species has the potential to increase the total sustainable harvest volume.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Tàbara, J. David, et al.
(författare)
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Modelización participativa para la evaluación integrada de la sostenibilidad
- 2006
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Ingår i: Revista Internacional de Sostenibilidad, Tecnología y Humanismo. - 1988-0928. ; 1:1, s. 185-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in Uncoded languages El presente trabajo describe el proceso participativo vinculado al desarrollo y la implementación del prototipo de un modelo que tiene como principal objetivo servir de soporte durante el procesos de Evaluación Integrada de la Sostenibilidad (EIS) de diferentes opciones políticas de gestión de los recursos hídricos a diferentes niveles de acción. El modelo – llamado el Modelo del Mundo Celular (MMC) – se centra en la representación del comportamiento de los agentes respecto a sus relaciones sistemáticas con el medio ambiente. Esto se consigue principalmente mediante el análisis tres aspectos. En primer lugar, se analizan los intereses, motivaciones, creencias culturales y otras condiciones estructurales que condicionan la conducta de los agentes en el usos de las reservas y flujos de agua. Segundo, mediante el estudio a diferentes escalas del impacto sobre los ecosistemas naturales y el medio ambiente en general del comportamiento de los usuarios. Por último, se realiza de forma co-evolutiva el análisis del impacto de esos cambios ambientales en el comportamiento de los agentes. El MCM utiliza una perspectiva integrada, multi-escalar y basada en agentes. Los agentes operan en un único sistema interrelacionado en el cual cada individuo o agente colectivo responde a su disponibilidad y uso de un conjunto de reservas y flujos de reglas sociales e instituciones (S), energía y recursos (E) información y conocimiento (I), que a su vez provocan impactos y cambios (C) en el sistema socio-ecológico. Este modelo se está desarrollando conjuntamente con Grupos de Discusión como parte de un proceso de Evaluación Integrada participativa. En el proceso de participación intervienen actores reales involucrados en la gestión del agua que aportan su conocimiento sobre el comportamiento de los agentes y la posible arquitectura del modelo para incrementar su robustez social y su relevancia política. Nuestra investigación forma parte del proyecto MATISSE (Methods and Tools for Integrated Sustainability Assessment) financiado por la Unión Europea.
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| 10. |
- Tabara, J. David, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory modelling for the integrated sustainability assessment of water: The World Cellular Model and the MATISSE project
- 2007
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper describes the participatory process of developing and implementing a prototype model aimed at supporting the Integrated Sustainability Assessment of water resources and policy options at different scales. The model - called the World Cellular Model (WCM) focuses on the representation of agents’ behaviours and their systemic relationships with their environment. This is achieved by examining the interests, motives, cultural beliefs and structural resources that drive agents’ actions with regard to the use of stocks and flows of water, by looking at the impact of such water behaviours on the environment and on the natural ecosystems at different scales, and by examining in a coevolutionary way the impact of such environmental changes on the behaviours of agents. The WC model takes a ‘total system’, multi-scale, agent perspective. That is, agents operate in a single interrelated system in which each individual or collective agent responds to the availability and use of a set of stocks and flows of rules and/or institutions (S), energy and resources (E), information and knowledge (I) that in turn provokes environmental change (C) or impact on the social ecological system. . This model is being developed together with the use of participatory Integrated Assessment focus groups (IA-fgs) with real stakeholders to get insights about agents’ behaviours and the possible architecture of the model so as to increase its socio-ecological robustness and policy relevance. Our research is part of the EU funded project Matisse (Methods and Tools for Integrated Sustainability Assessment).
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