| 1. |
- Wallsten, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Treating co-morbid insomnia and social anxiety disorder with sequential CBT protocols : a single-case experimental study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1352-4658 .- 1469-1833. ; 49:6, s. 641-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, no studies have yet evaluated the use of sequential evidence-based treatment protocols in the population with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder.AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sequential treatments on co-morbid insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder. As depression is a common co-morbid syndrome for both insomnia and social anxiety, a secondary aim was to examine depressive symptoms.METHOD: A single-case repeated crossover AB design was used. Ten participants between 18 and 59 years of age with co-morbid DSM-5 diagnoses of insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder received sequential treatments with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Seven participants completed the treatment course. The primary outcomes were symptoms of insomnia and social anxiety, and the secondary outcome was symptoms of depression.RESULTS: The effects of CBT on people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder were mixed. The majority of participants improved their sleep quality and lessened symptoms of social anxiety and depression. However, participants differed in their degree of improvement concerning all three disorders.CONCLUSIONS: Sequential CBT treatments are potentially effective at decreasing symptoms of social anxiety and insomnia for people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder. The variation in outcome across participants makes firm conclusions about the treatment efficacy difficult to draw.
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| 2. |
- Pargman, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Resource scarcity and socially just internet access over time and space
- 2017
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Ingår i: LIMITS 2017 - Proceedings of the 2017 Workshop on Computing Within Limits. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. - 9781450349505 ; , s. 29-36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computing within Limits is concerned with "the impact of present and future ecological, material, energetic, and societal limits on computing". This paper discusses limits to computing by adopting a resource perspective on the provisioning of infrastructure for computing with a particular focus on present and future availability of material resources such as minerals and energy. While making claims about resources in general, we use copper as a specific example of coping with finiteness. The first part of the paper summarizes known facts but it is also a set-up for the latter part of the paper where we problematize the concept of "innovation" and argue that the term needs to be both refined and broadened to also take scarcity and just access to resources into account. We suggest that in a resource-constrained world and in the area of computing, a suitable goal for innovation should be to guarantee (to the largest extent possible) internet access over space and time, e.g., to the largest number of people and for the longest duration of time.
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| 3. |
- Sairanen, Essi, et al.
(författare)
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What if you could see yourself with my eyes? : A Pilot Study of the Impact of a Virtual Reality-environment on Relational Responding to Self
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Psychology & Psychological Therapy / Revista Internacional de Psicologia y Terapia Psicologica. - : Asociación de Análisis del Comportamiento. - 1577-7057 .- 2340-2857. ; 23:1, s. 31-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- People's sense of self plays an important role in psychological wellbeing and it is often targeted by perspective taking interventions in psychological treatments. The present study investigated if seeing oneself from the outside perspective in a virtual reality (VR) environment could be used to influence the patterns of relational responding that constitutes the sense of self. Changes in participants' (N= 9) patterns of relating themselves vs. others with positive attributes and negative attributes were investigated using an Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) that was delivered before and after the one session perspective-taking intervention in VR. In addition, participants' self-ratings about their experience of the VR intervention were investigated immediately after and one month after the VR-intervention. The results showed changes specifically in seeing oneself more positively, reflected by the increase in the Me - positive trial type in the IRAP. No systematic changes were seen in participants' relational responding to themselves as being "negative " (i.e. bad, unloved, incompetent) or in patterns of relational responding considering others. In addition, participants experienced moderate positive emotions during the VR-intervention and evaluated the experience as meaningful based on their self-ratings. Together these results suggest that seeing oneself in the VR promoted positive experiences relating to oneself.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Wallsten, Daniel
(författare)
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Shifting the lens on heterogenous psychological suffering : Exploring and evaluating novel psychological treatment approaches to comorbid mental disorders
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis addresses heterogeneous psychological suffering within a predominantly psychiatric paradigm, emphasizing the high prevalence of comorbid mental disorders. While much of the published empirical research focuses on trials targeting single disorders, this thesis aims to explore and evaluate novel treatment approaches for populations experiencing diverse psychological suffering. It seeks to bridge the gap between traditional disorder-based treatments and the emerging trend of idiographic designs and processes of change. The first clinical trial focused on treating co-morbid insomnia and social anxiety disorder using sequential cognitive behavioral therapy protocols (CBT-I and CBT-S). Findings suggest potential efficacy in reducing symptoms of both disorders, with notable improvements in insomnia symptoms. However, treatment effects still varied among participants, making it difficult to draw clear conclusions regarding efficacy. The second trial investigated group-based Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (RFCBT) for individuals with depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Results indicate significant improvements in insomnia symptoms post-treatment and at the 2-month follow-up, with potential effectiveness for depression. However, no significant effects were found for anxiety, worry, or rumination. The third trial explored feasibility and preliminary effects of a process-based psychological treatment informed by Relational Frame Theory for individuals with comorbid mental disorders (Process-Based Behavioral Therapy; PBBT). Interpretative Phenomenological analysis revealed participants' varied experiences, emphasizing challenges in emotional engagement and the therapeutic process. Mixed findings from both the qualitative analyses and the suplementary self-rating scales underscored the complexity of treatment outcomes, highlighting the need of more research on treatment approaches based on Relational Frame Theory. Overall, the thesis contributes to addressing and understanding the complexities of heterogeneous psychological suffering and clinical research. Further research should continue to explore idiographic designs and process-based treatments while carefully defining and tracking processes of change. This is particularly important for individuals who do not benefit from current evidence-based treatment approaches.
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| 6. |
- Wallsten, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Treating co-morbid insomnia and social anxiety disorder with sequential CBT protocols : A single-case experimental study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1352-4658 .- 1469-1833. ; 49:6, s. 641-657
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, no studies have yet evaluated the use of sequential evidence-based treatment protocols in the population with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sequential treatments on co-morbid insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder. As depression is a common co-morbid syndrome for both insomnia and social anxiety, a secondary aim was to examine depressive symptoms. Method: A single-case repeated crossover AB design was used. Ten participants between 18 and 59 years of age with co-morbid DSM-5 diagnoses of insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder received sequential treatments with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Seven participants completed the treatment course. The primary outcomes were symptoms of insomnia and social anxiety, and the secondary outcome was symptoms of depression. Results: The effects of CBT on people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder were mixed. The majority of participants improved their sleep quality and lessened symptoms of social anxiety and depression. However, participants differed in their degree of improvement concerning all three disorders. Conclusions: Sequential CBT treatments are potentially effective at decreasing symptoms of social anxiety and insomnia for people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder. The variation in outcome across participants makes firm conclusions about the treatment efficacy difficult to draw.
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| 7. |
- Wallsten, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of worry and comorbid symptoms within depression, anxiety, and insomnia with a group-based rumination-focused cognitive-behaviour therapy in a primary health care setting : a randomised controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionRepetitive negative thinking (RNT) has been described as a maintaining transdiagnostic factor for psychopathology within the areas of depression, anxiety and insomnia. We investigated the effects of rumination-focused cognitive-behaviour therapy (RF-CBT) in a group format at a primary health care centre on symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, RNT, and quality of life. The participants presented clinical symptom levels of worry and at least two disorders among anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, and insomnia disorder.MethodsA randomised controlled superiority parallel arm trial was used. 73 participants were included and randomised in pairs to either group-administered RF-CBT or a waiting list condition. The primary outcomes were self-rated worry and transdiagnostic symptoms (depression, anxiety, and insomnia). Intention-to-treat analyses of group differences were conducted using linear mixed models. Adverse side effects and incidents were presented descriptively.ResultsGroup RF-CBT significantly reduced self-reported insomnia at post-treatment and self-reported insomnia and depression at the 2 month-follow-up, relative to the wait-list control group. There was no significant difference in change in RNT, anxiety, or quality of life.DiscussionThe current study suggests that group-administered RF-CBT may be effective for insomnia and potentially effective for depression symptomatology. However, the study was underpowered to detect small and moderate effects and the results should therefore be interpreted with caution.
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