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- Chiesa, C., et al.
(författare)
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EANM dosimetry committee series on standard operational procedures: a unified methodology for Tc-99m-MAA pre- and Y-90 peri-therapy dosimetry in liver radioembolization with Y-90 microspheres
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ejnmmi Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2197-7364. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this standard operational procedure is to standardize the methodology employed for the evaluation of pre- and post-treatment absorbed dose calculations in Y-90 microsphere liver radioembolization. Basic assumptions include the permanent trapping of microspheres, the local energy deposition method for voxel dosimetry, and the patient-relative calibration method for activity quantification.The identity of Tc-99m albumin macro-aggregates (MAA) and Y-90 microsphere biodistribution is also assumed. The large observed discrepancies in some patients between Tc-99m-MAA predictions and actual Y-90 microsphere distributions for lesions is discussed. Absorbed dose predictions to whole non-tumoural liver are considered more reliable and the basic predictors of toxicity. Treatment planning based on mean absorbed dose delivered to the whole non-tumoural liver is advised, except in super-selective treatments. Given the potential mismatch between MAA simulation and actual therapy, absorbed doses should be calculated both pre- and post-therapy. Distinct evaluation between target tumours and non-tumoural tissue, including lungs in cases of lung shunt, are vital for proper optimization of therapy. Dosimetry should be performed first according to a mean absorbed dose approach, with an optional, but important, voxel level evaluation. Fully corrected Tc-99m-MAA Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) and Y-90 TOF PET/CT are regarded as optimal acquisition methodologies, but, for institutes where SPECT/CT is not available, non-attenuation corrected Tc-99m-MAA SPECT may be used. This offers better planning quality than non dosimetric methods such as Body Surface Area (BSA) or mono-compartmental dosimetry. Quantitative Y-90 bremsstrahlung SPECT can be used if dedicated correction methods are available. The proposed methodology is feasible with standard camera software and a spreadsheet. Available commercial or free software can help facilitate the process and improve calculation time.
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| 6. |
- Salles, J, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D status modulates mitochondrial oxidative capacities in skeletal muscle: role in sarcopenia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 5:1, s. 1288-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is the biggest component of whole-body energy output. Mitochondrial energy production during exercise is impaired in vitamin D-deficient subjects. In cultured myotubes, loss of vitamin D receptor (VDR) function decreases mitochondrial respiration rate and ATP production from oxidative phosphorylation. We aimed to examine the effects of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on whole-body energy expenditure and muscle mitochondrial function in old rats, old mice, and human subjects. To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved, we used C2C12 and human muscle cells and transgenic mice with muscle-specific VDR tamoxifen-inducible deficiency. We observed that in vivo and in vitro vitamin D fluctuations changed mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative activity in skeletal muscle. Vitamin D supplementation initiated in older people improved muscle mass and strength. We hypothesize that vitamin D supplementation is likely to help prevent not only sarcopenia but also sarcopenic obesity in vitamin D-deficient subjects.
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| 7. |
- Saroul, N, et al.
(författare)
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Conditioned Media from Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines and Serum Samples from Head and Neck Cancer Patients Drive Catabolic Pathways in Cultured Muscle Cells
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 15:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The role of secreted factors from the tumor cells in driving cancer cachexia and especially muscle loss is unknown. We wanted to study both the action of secreted factors from head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines and circulating factors in HNC patients on skeletal muscle protein catabolism. Methods: Conditioned media (CM) made from head and neck cancer cell lines and mix of sera from head and neck cancer (HNC) patients were incubated for 48 h with human myotubes. The atrophy and the catabolic pathway were monitored in myotubes. The patients were classified regarding their skeletal muscle loss observed at the outset of management. Results: Tumor CM (TCM) was able to produce atrophy on myotubes as compared with control CM (CCM). However, a mix of sera from HNC patients was not able to produce atrophy in myotubes. Despite this discrepancy on atrophy, we observed a similar regulation of the catabolic pathways by the tumor-conditioned media and mix of sera from cancer patients. The catabolic response after incubation with the mix of sera seemed to depend on the muscle loss seen in patients. Conclusion: This study found evidence that the atrophy observed in HNC patients cannot be solely explained by a deficit in food intake.
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