| 1. |
- Fan, Liangdong, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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High performance transition metal oxide composite cathode for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 203:1, s. 65-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with metal oxide composite cathode on the ceria–carbonate composite electrolyte have shown promising performance. However, the role of individual elements or compound is seldom investigated. We report here the effect of the ZnO on the physico-chemical and electrochemical properties of lithiated NiO cathode. The materials and single cells are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, DC polarization electrical conductivity, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and fuel cell performance. The ZnO modified lithiated NiO composite materials exhibit smaller particle size and lower electrical conductivity than lithiated NiO. However, improved electro-catalytic oxygen reduction activity and power output are achieved after the ZnO modification. A maximum power density of 808 mW cm−2 and the corresponding interfacial polarization resistance of 0.22 Ω cm2 are obtained at 550 °C using ZnO modified cathode and 300 μm thick composite electrolyte. The single cell keeps reasonable stability over 300 min at 500 °C. Thus, ZnO modified lithiated NiO is a promising cathode candidate for low temperature SOFCs.
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| 2. |
- Fan, Liangdong, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical study of lithiated transition metal oxide composite as symmetrical electrode for low temperature ceramic fuel cells
- 2013
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 38:26, s. 11398-11405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, Lithiated NiCuZnOx (LNCZO) composite is synthesized and evaluated as a potential symmetrical electrode for ceria-carbonate composite electrolyte based low temperature ceramic fuel cells. Its crystal structures, the hydrogen oxidation/oxygen reduction electrochemical activities and fuel cell performances are systematically examined on the symmetrical cell configuration. Nano crystallite particles in the form of composite are observed for these oxides. The LNCZO shows relatively high catalytic activities for hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction according to the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. A remarkable low oxygen reduction activation energy of 42 kJ mol(-1) is obtained on the LNCZO/ceria-carbonate composite, demonstrating excellent electro-catalytic activity. Especially, the catalytic activity can be further improved in the presence of water in the cathode chamber. The results show that the lithiated transition metal oxide composite is a promising symmetrical electrode for ceria-carbonate electrolyte and composite approach might a probable solution to develop super-performance electrodes for reduced temperature ceramic fuel cells.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Mingming, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon anode in direct carbon fuel cell
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 35:7, s. 2732-2736
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) is a kind of high temperature fuel cell using carbon materials directly as anode. Electrochemical reactivity and surface property of carbon were taken into account in this paper. Four representative carbon samples were selected. The most suitable ratio of the ternary eutectic mixture Li2CO3-K2CO3-Al2O3 was determined at 1.05:1.2:1(mass ration). Conceptual analysis for electrochemical reactivity of carbon anode shows the importance of (1) reactive characteristics including lattice disorder, edge-carbon ratio and the number of short alkyl side chain of carbon material, which builds the prime foundation of the anodic half-cell reaction; (2) surface wetting ability, which assures the efficient contact of anode surface with electrolyte. It indicates that anode reaction rate and DCFC output can be notably improved if carbon are pre-dispersed into electrolyte before acting as anode, due to the straightway shift from cathode to anode for CO32- provided by electrolyte soaked in carbon material.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Mingming, et al.
(författare)
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Ceria-carbonate composite for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell : Sintering aid and composite effect
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 39:23, s. 12309-12316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the effect of carbonate content on microstructure, relative density, ionic conductivity and fuel cell performance of Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-(Li/Na)(2)CO3 (SDC-carbonate, abbr. SCC) composites is systematically investigated. With the addition of carbonate, the nanoparticles of ceria are well preserved after heat-treatment. The relative densities of SCC pellets increase as the carbonate content increases or sintering temperature rises. Especially, the relative density of SCC2 sintered at 900 degrees C is higher than that of pure SDC sintered at 1350 degrees C. Both the AC conductivity and DC oxygen ionic conductivity are visibly improved compared with the single phase SDC electrolyte. Among the composites, SDC-20 wt% (Li/Na)(2)CO3 (SCC20) presents high dispersion, relative small particle size, and the dense microstructure. The optimized microstructure brings the best ionic conductivity and fuel cell performance. It is hoped that the results can contribute the understanding of the role of carbonate in the composite materials and highlight their prospective application.
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| 5. |
- Di, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Samarium doped ceria-(Li/Na)(2)CO3 composite electrolyte and its electrochemical properties in low temperature solid oxide fuel cell
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 195:15, s. 4695-4699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A composite of samarium doped ceria (SDC) and a binary carbonate eutectic (52 mol% Li2CO3/48 mol% Na2CO3) is investigated with respect to its morphology, conductivity and fuel cell performances. The morphology study shows the composition could prevent SDC particles from agglomeration. The conductivity is measured under air, argon and hydrogen, respectively. A sharp increase in conductivity occurs under all the atmospheres, which relates to the superionic phase transition in the interface phases between SDC and carbonates. Single cells with the composite electrolyte are fabricated by a uniaxial die-press method using NiO/electrolyte as anode and lithiated NiO/electrolyte as cathode. The cell shows a maximum power density of 590 mW cm(-2) at 600 degrees C, using hydrogen as the fuel and air as the oxidant. Unlike that of cells based on pure oxygen ionic conductor or pure protonic conductor, the open circuit voltage of the SDC-carbonate based fuel cell decreases with an increase in water content of either anodic or cathodic inlet gas, indicating the electrolyte is a co-ionic (H+/O2-) conductor. The results also exhibit that oxygen ionic conductivity contributes to the major part of the whole conductivity under fuel cell circumstances. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Fan, Liangdong, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed ion and electron conductive composites for single component fuel cells : I. Effects of composition and pellet thickness
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 217, s. 164-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochemical performances of single component fuel cells (SCFCs) based on mixed ion and electron conductors have been studied as a function of composition and pellet thickness by polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electronic conductor of LNCZO shows conductivities of 21.7 and 5.3 S cm(-1) in H-2 and in air, respectively. SCFC using 40 wt. % of LNCZO and 60 wt. % of ion conductive SDC-Na2CO3 with a thickness of 1.10 mm shows the highest power density of 0.35 W cm(-2) at 550 degrees C. The performance is correlated to the mixed conduction properties (ionic and electronic, p and n-type) and the microstructure of the functional SCFC layer.
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| 8. |
- Fan, Liangdong, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Potential low-temperature application and hybrid-ionic conducting property of ceria-carbonate composite electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells
- 2011
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 36:16, s. 9987-9993
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ceria-carbonate composite materials have been widely investigated as candidate electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells operated at 300-600 degrees C. However, fundamental studies on the composite electrolytes are still in the early stages and intensive research is demanded to advance their applications. In this study, the crystallite structure, microstructure, chemical activity, thermal expansion behavior and electrochemical properties of the samaria doped ceria-carbonate (SCC) composite have been investigated. Single cells using the SCC composite electrolyte and Ni-based electrodes were assembled and their electrochemical performances were studied. The SCC composite electrolyte exhibits good chemical compatibility and thermal-matching with Ni-based electrodes. Peak power density up to 916 mW cm(-2) was achieved at 550 degrees C, which was attributed to high electrochemical activity of both electrolyte and electrode materials. A stable discharge plateau was obtained under a current density of 1.5 A cm(-2) at 550 degrees C for 120 min. In addition, the ionic conducting property of the SCC composite electrolyte was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. It was found that the hybrid-ionic conduction improves the total ionic conductivity and fuel cell performance. These results highlight potential low-temperature application of ceria-carbonate composite electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells.
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| 9. |
- Fan, Liangdong, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Pr2NiO4–Ag composite cathode for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells with ceria-carbonate composite electrolyte
- 2012
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 37:24, s. 19388-19394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pr2NiO4-Ag composite was synthesized and evaluated as cathode component for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells based on ceria-carbonate composite electrolyte. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the formation of a single phase K2NiF4-type structure occurs at 1000 °C and Pr2NiO4-Ag composite shows chemically compatible with the composite electrolyte. Symmetrical cells impedance measurements prove that Ag displays acceptable electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction at the temperature range of 500-600 °C. Single cells with Ag active component electrodes present better electrochemical performances than those of Ag-free cells. An improved maximum power density of 695 mW cm-2 was achieved at 600 °C using Pr 2NiO4-Ag composite cathode, with humidified hydrogen as fuel and air as the oxidant. Preliminary results suggest that Pr 2NiO4-Ag composite could be adopted as an alternative cathode for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells.
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| 10. |
- Fan, Liangdong, et al.
(författare)
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Proton and Oxygen Ionic Conductivity of Doped Ceria-Carbonate Composite by Modified Wagner Polarization
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Electrochemical Science. - 1452-3981. ; 7:9, s. 8420-8435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impressive ionic conductivity and tunable conduction behaviors have made the ceria-carbonate composite an attractive electrolyte for low temperature ceramic fuel cells. However, the conduction mechanism is not yet well studied. In the present study, both proton and oxygen ion conductivity as well as the transport properties of samaria-doped ceria/ sodium-lithium-carbonate (denoted as SDCLN) composite are investigated by the fuel cell study and the modified Hebb-Wagner polarization measurements. The multi-ionic polarization behaviors and the transfer processes in composite electrolyte under external electrical field are analyzed. A maximum power density of 780 mW cm(-2) and a calculated total ion (proton and oxygen ion) conductivity of 0.153 S cm(-1) are obtained under H-2/air condition at 550 degrees C. The Wagner DC polarization measurements show that the proton conduction dominates the total ionic conductivity. A synergistic effect exists between the charge carriers in the doped ceria-carbonate composite system. An ideal interfacial conduction model is also proposed based on the obtained results.
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