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| 2. |
- Deng, Min, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association analyses in Han Chinese identify two new susceptibility loci for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:6, s. 697-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify susceptibility genes for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 506 individuals with sporadic ALS and 1,859 controls of Han Chinese ancestry. Ninety top SNPs suggested by the current GWAS and 6 SNPs identified by previous GWAS were analyzed in an independent cohort of 706 individuals with ALS and 1,777 controls of Han Chinese ancestry. We discovered two new susceptibility loci for ALS at 1q32 (CAMK1G, rs6703183, P-combined = 2.92 x 10(-8), odds ratio (OR) = 1.31) and 22p11 (CABIN1 and SUSD2, rs8141797, P-combined = 2.35 x 10(-9), OR = 1.52). These two loci explain 12.48% of the overall variance in disease risk in the Han Chinese population. We found no association evidence for the previously reported loci in the Han Chinese population, suggesting genetic heterogeneity of disease susceptibility for ALS between ancestry groups. Our study identifies two new susceptibility loci and suggests new pathogenic mechanisms of ALS.
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| 3. |
- Zhou, Guang-Quan, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic Myotendinous Junction Identification in Ultrasound Images Based on Junction-Based Template Measurements
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1534-4320 .- 1558-0210. ; 31, s. 851-862
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tracking the myotendinous junction (MTJ) motion in consecutive ultrasound images is essential to assess muscle and tendon interaction and understand the mechanics' muscle-tendon unit and its pathological conditions during motion. However, the inherent speckle noises and ambiguous boundaries deter the reliable identification of MTJ, thus restricting their usage in human motion analysis. This study advances a fully automatic displacement measurement method for MTJ using prior shape knowledge on the Y-shape MTJ, precluding the influence of irregular and complicated hyperechoic structures in muscular ultrasound images. Our proposed method first adopts the junction candidate points using a combined measure of Hessian matrix and phase congruency, followed by a hierarchical clustering technique to refine the candidates approximating the position of the MTJ. Then, based on the prior knowledge of Y-shape MTJ, we finally identify the best matching junction points according to intensity distributions and directions of their branches using multiscale Gaussian templates and a Kalman filter. We evaluated our proposed method using the ultrasound scans of the gastrocnemius from 8 young, healthy volunteers. Our results present more consistent with the manual method in the MTJ tracking method than existing optical flow tracking methods, suggesting its potential in facilitating muscle and tendon function examinations with in vivo ultrasound imaging.
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| 4. |
- Luo, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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An experimental investigation on the thermal augmentation of internal endwall in a two-pass duct using an array of delta-winglet vortex generator pair
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0017-9310. ; 182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study experimentally demonstrates a novel design for an internal endwall in a two-pass duct heat exchanger. An array of delta-winglet vortex generator pairs with different aspect ratio, angle of attack, configuration are mounted on the internal endwall in a U duct. Liquid crystal thermalgraphy and static pressure measurements are utilized in this study to evaluate the heat transfer, thermal-hydraulic performance, and pressure drop penalty. The Reynolds number is varied from 10,000 to 20,000. A comparison between the current novel design and traditional enhanced heat transfer turbulators in the open literature is also included. The results show that the endwall heat transfer is enhanced greatly as the longitudinal vortex generator array is located on the endwall. The variation of the attack angle has great influence on the endwall heat transfer, The endwall fitted with turbulators with an aspect ratio (length/height) of 2 and attack angle of 45-deg provides the highest thermal-hydraulic performance with a relatively low pressure drop penalty as long lasting longitudinal vortices might be induced at this attack angle and the heat transfer is observed to be enhanced at the downstream part of the endwall. In addition, for the temperature uniformity on the endwall, the local heat transfer at the upstream part still has the potential to be further improved for all studied cases. The optimal thermalhydraulic performance is increased by more than 24% compared with that on the endwall in the smooth U duct. This novel design presents a rather high overall thermal performance compared with the traditional design in the open literature.
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| 5. |
- Qiu, Dandan, et al.
(författare)
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On heat transfer and flow characteristics of jets impingement on a concave surface with varying pin-fin arrangements
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Thermal Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1290-0729. ; 170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the effects of pin-fin arrangement and jet Reynolds number on heat transfer enhancement and flow characteristics of a concave confined jet impingement cooled surface conjugated with pin-fins. The results without a pin-fin are used as a baseline. Vortices and different sections of streamlines in the channel are employed to understand the flow structures in this cooling system. Based on this, topology pictures are obtained with skin-friction lines to discuss the fluid flow near the target and pin-fin surface. The local and averaged heat transfer characteristics are analyzed using the flow characteristics. The overall parameters (friction factor, thermal performance, pumping power) are also obtained. The results show that the appearance of the pin-fin plays a positive role in heat transfer enhancement and uniformity. The case of a 35° pin-fin arrangement angle reaches the highest overall Nusselt number and heat transfer uniformity. The far away movement of the pin-fin is beneficial to decrease pumping power at a constant heat transfer. The thermal performance is highest for 55° pin-fin arrangement angle at a jet Reynolds number of 40,000 in this work.
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| 6. |
- Qiu, Dandan, et al.
(författare)
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On heat transfer and flow characteristics of jets impinging onto concave surface with varying bleeding arrangements
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow. - 0961-5539. ; 31:12, s. 3642-3660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of film holes’ arrangements and jet Reynolds number on flow structure and heat transfer characteristics of jet impingement conjugated with film cooling in a semicylinder double wall channel. Design/methodology/approach: Numerical simulations are used in this research. Streamlines on different sections, skin-friction lines, velocity, wall shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy contours near the concave target wall and vortices in the double channel are presented. Local Nusselt number contours and surface averaged Nusselt numbers are also obtained. Topology analysis is applied to further understand the fluid flow and is used in analyzing the heat transfer characteristics. Findings: It is found that the arrangement of side films positioned far from the center jets helps to enhance the flow disturbance and heat transfer behind the film holes. The heat transfer uniformity for the case of 55° films arrangement angle is most improved and the thermal performance is the highest in this study. Originality/value: The film holes’ arrangements effects on fluid flow and heat transfer in an impingement cooled concave channel are conducted. The flow structures in the channel and flow characteristics near target by topology pictures are first obtained for the confined film cooled impingement cases. The heat transfer distributions are analyzed with the flow characteristics. The highest heat transfer uniformity and thermal performance situation is obtained in present work.
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| 7. |
- Wang, Dandan, et al.
(författare)
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Porcine ZBED6 regulates growth of skeletal muscle and internal organs via multiple targets
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 17:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ZBED6 (zinc finger BED domain containing protein 6) is a transcription factor unique to placental mammals and its interaction with the IGF2 (insulin-like growth factor 2) locus plays a prominent role in the regulation of postnatal skeletal muscle growth. Here, we generated lean Bama miniature pigs by generating ZBED6-knockout (ZBED6(-/-)) and investigated the mechanism underlying ZBED6 in growth of muscle and internal organs of placental mammals. ZBED6(-/-) pigs show markedly higher lean mass, lean mass rate, larger muscle fiber area and heavier internal organs (heart and liver) than wild-type (WT) pigs. The striking phenotypic changes of ZBED6(-/-) pigs coincided with remarkable upregulation of IGF2 mRNA and protein expression across three tissues (gastrocnemius muscle, longissimus dorsi, heart). Despite a significant increase in liver weight, ZBED6(-/-) pigs show comparable levels of IGF2 expression to those of WT controls. A mechanistic study revealed that elevated methylation in the liver abrogates ZBED6 binding at the IGF2 locus, explaining the unaltered hepatic IGF2 expression in ZBED6(-/-) pigs. These results indicate that a ZBED6-IGF2-independent regulatory pathway exists in the liver. Transcriptome analysis and ChIP-PCR revealed new ZBED6 target genes other than IGF2, including cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycan (TSKU), that regulates growth of muscle and liver, respectively. Author summary The lean meat rate is an important economic trait for the swine industry and it is determined by muscle growth and development. A single base change in intron 3 of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene increases meat production in pigs by disrupting a binding site for zinc finger BED domain containing protein 6 (ZBED6). Chinese indigenous pig breeds carrying the homozygous IGF2 wild-type allele produce low lean meat. We thus generate a lean pig model in Chinese Bama pig by knocking out ZBED6. In this model, we demonstrate that ZBED6 KO increases muscle and internal organ growth through ZBED6-IGF2 axis and other target genes. These results not only open new strategies for lean meat breeding in Chinese indigenous pigs, but also provide new insights to the global function of ZBED6 in organ growth and development.
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| 8. |
- Wang, Dandan, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafast carrier dynamics of near-band-edge emission in single-crystal ZnO nanorods
- 2011
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Ingår i: Materials research bulletin. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 0025-5408 .- 1873-4227. ; 46:6, s. 937-940
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on rational synthesis and optical characteristics of highly crystallined ZnO nanorods which were grown by a facile chemical vapor transport method. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra of as-fabricated ZnO nanorods are dominated by near-band-edge emission with a characteristic fine structure due to high crystallinity. Furthermore, the recombination emission involving carrier dynamics of near-band-edge emission in ZnO nanorods was systematically investigated by temperature-dependent time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Recombination peaks pertaining to the exciton emissions are monitored and resolved in both temporal and spatial regimes.
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| 9. |
- Zhao, Dandan, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of ion irradiation hardening behaviors of tempered and long-term thermal aged T92 steel
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3115. ; 511, s. 191-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 9Cr ferritic/martensitic steels are promising materials for in-core components in advanced Gen-IV reactors. In these applications, their long-term microstructural stability under thermal exposure and resistance to neutron irradiation are essential. Tempered (unaged) and long-term thermal aged T92 samples were used to evaluate the effects of thermal aging and ion irradiation on the microstructure and micromechanical properties of the steel. Both the tempered and aged samples were irradiated with 3 MeV Fe11+ions to 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 5.00 dpa at room temperature. Using the nanoindentation technique, the irradiation hardening behaviors of T92 steel were investigated. The irradiation hardening effect was observed in both the tempered and aged T92 samples. To eliminate the soft substrate effect, the critical indentation depth was determined using the ratio of the average hardness of irradiated and unirradiated samples at the same depth. Under the same irradiation conditions, the macroscopic hardness values of the aged T92 samples after irradiation were lower than those of the tempered samples. The irradiation hardening effect was more significant in the aged T92 due to the decreased dislocation density and the coarsened martensitic lath after long-term thermal aging.
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| 10. |
- Zhao, Dandan, et al.
(författare)
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Proton irradiation induced defects in T92 steels: An investigation by TEM and positron annihilation spectroscopy
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 442, s. 59-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to investigate proton irradiation damage on ferritic/martensitic T92 steels, both the unaged and aged (650 °C for 15,000 h) T92 steels were irradiated with 250 keV protons to 0.01, 0.05 and 0.20 dpa at room temperature due to the lower dose rate of protons compared with heavy-ions. The microstructural evolution induced by thermal aging and proton irradiation was studied by transmission electron microscopy and positron annihilation spectroscopy, and the corresponding micromechanical property changes were investigated by nano-indentation. After 0.20 dpa proton irradiation, the dominant irradiation-induced dislocation loops were a0100 type loops for both the unaged and aged samples. The dislocation-type defects in the aged T92 sample were larger in size and higher in number density, compared with those in the unaged samples. Less vacancy-type defects induced by protons were detected in the aged than the unaged T92 samples under the same irradiation conditions. The higher number density of dislocation-type defects led to more severe irradiation hardening in the aged T92 samples.
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