| 1. |
- Ma, Tao, et al.
(författare)
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Genomic insights into salt adaptation in a desert poplar
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 4, s. 2797-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the high economic and ecological importance of forests, our knowledge of the genomic evolution of trees under salt stress remains very limited. Here we report the genome sequence of the desert poplar, Populus euphratica, which exhibits high tolerance to salt stress. Its genome is very similar and collinear to that of the closely related mesophytic congener, P. trichocarpa. However, we find that several gene families likely to be involved in tolerance to salt stress contain significantly more gene copies within the P. euphratica lineage. Furthermore, genes showing evidence of positive selection are significantly enriched in functional categories related to salt stress. Some of these genes, and others within the same categories, are significantly upregulated under salt stress relative to their expression in another salt-sensitive poplar. Our results provide an important background for understanding tree adaptation to salt stress and facilitating the genetic improvement of cultivated poplars for saline soils.
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| 2. |
- You, Xiaohu, et al.
(författare)
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Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science China Information Sciences. - : Science Press. - 1674-733X .- 1869-1919. ; 64:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability, and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation (6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6 GHz, millimeter wave (mmWave), terahertz (THz), and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears.
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| 3. |
- Fan, Dongming, et al.
(författare)
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Restoration of smart grids : Current status, challenges, and opportunities
- 2021
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 143
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart grids, which constitute intelligent infrastructure in smart cities, provide reliable, energy-efficient, and high-quality power to improve the standard of living while maintaining a sustainable environment. For self-healing, restoration is considered an effective and intelligent way to ensure that parts of the system remain active and even reconfigure automatically with external failures or attacks. Restoration has recently received considerable attention from researchers and engineers. Regarding the technical route of restoration, this survey reveals some common properties and identifies the research gaps in modeling frameworks, reconfiguration technologies, and optimization approaches. It presents a summary of the challenges and opportunities in restoration of smart grids. It is expected to facilitate the researchers in the advancement of effective and intelligent restoration of smart grids.
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| 4. |
- Hoang, Tuan Anh, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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DC electrical conductivity of LDPE-based nanocomposites
- 2015
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Ingår i: 9th International Conference on Insulated Power Cables, Jicable’15, 21 – 25 June 2015, Versailles – France (2015). ; , s. paper B6.5-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents studies of the effect of nanofillers on dc electrical conductivity of polymeric materials, potentially applicable in high voltage direct current (HVDC) cable insulation. Samples of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) filled with nanoparticles of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and magnesium oxide (MgO) up to 3 wt% were prepared, on which charging currents were measured at 40 and 60 °C and electric stress of 32 kV/mm. Experimental results for nanocomposites were compared with those of reference LDPE. It was found that the addition of nanofillers led to a significant decrease in electrical volume conductivity and the decline depended strongly on filler type, its content and surface treatment. Further, the influence of specimen thickness on the conductivity was examined for verifying the operating conduction mechanisms. An indication was found that the space charge limited current (SCLC) mechanism dominated the conduction process in the reference material, while this effect ceased for the nanocomposites.
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| 5. |
- Szykowska, Aleksandra, et al.
(författare)
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Selection and structural characterization of anti-TREM2 scFvs that reduce levels of shed ectodomain
- 2021
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Ingår i: Structure. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-2126 .- 1878-4186. ; 29:11, s. 1241-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations in TREM2, a receptor expressed by microglia in the brain, are associated with an increased risk of neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease. Numerous studies support a role for TREM2 in sensing damaging stimuli and triggering signaling cascades necessary for neuroprotection. Despite its significant role, ligands and regulators of TREM2 activation, and the mechanisms governing TREM2-dependent responses and its cleavage from the membrane, remain poorly characterized. Here, we present phage display generated antibody single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) to human TREM2 immunoglobulin-like domain. Co-crystal structures revealed the binding of two scFvs to an epitope on the TREM2 domain distal to the putative ligand-binding site. Enhanced functional activity was observed for oligomeric scFv species, which inhibited the production of soluble TREM2 in a HEK293 cell model. We hope that detailed characterization of their epitopes and properties will facilitate the use of these renewable binders as structural and functional biology tools for TREM2 research.
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