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| 2. |
- Han, Kun, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced Metal-Insulator Transition in Freestanding VO2 Down to 5 nm Thickness
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 13:14, s. 16688-16693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrathin freestanding membranes with a pronounced metal-insulator transition (MIT) have huge potential for future flexible electronic applications as well as provide a unique aspect for the study of lattice-electron interplay. However, the reduction of the thickness to an ultrathin region (a few nm) is typically detrimental to the MIT in epitaxial films, and even catastrophic for their freestanding form. Here, we report an enhanced MIT in VO2-based freestanding membranes, with a lateral size up to millimeters and the VO2 thickness down to 5 nm. The VO2 membranes were detached by dissolving a Sr3Al2O6 sacrificial layer between the VO2 thin film and the c-Al2O3(0001) substrate, allowing the transfer onto arbitrary surfaces. Furthermore, the MIT in the VO2 membrane was greatly enhanced by inserting an intermediate Al2O3 buffer layer. In comparison with the best available ultrathin VO2 membranes, the enhancement of MIT is over 400% at a 5 nm VO2 thickness and more than 1 order of magnitude for VO2 above 10 nm. Our study widens the spectrum of functionality in ultrathin and large-scale membranes and enables the potential integration of MIT into flexible electronics and photonics.
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| 3. |
- Li, Qian, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide identification of resistance genes and cellular analysis of key gene knockout strain under 5-hydroxymethylfurfural stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Microbiology. - 1471-2180. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In bioethanol production, the main by-product, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), significantly hinders microbial fermentation. Therefore, it is crucial to explore genes related to HMF tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for enhancing the tolerance of ethanol fermentation strains. A comprehensive analysis was conducted using genome-wide deletion library scanning and SGAtools, resulting in the identification of 294 genes associated with HMF tolerance in S. cerevisiae. Further KEGG and GO enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of genes OCA1 and SIW14 in the protein phosphorylation pathway, underscoring their role in HMF tolerance. Spot test validation and subcellular structure observation demonstrated that, following a 3-h treatment with 60mM HMF, the SIW14 gene knockout strain exhibited a 12.68% increase in cells with abnormal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and a 22.41% increase in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species compared to the BY4741 strain. These findings indicate that the SIW14 gene contributes to the protection of the ER structure within the cell and facilitates the clearance of reactive oxygen species, thereby confirming its significance as a key gene for HMF tolerance in S. cerevisiae.
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| 4. |
- Aronov, Boris, et al.
(författare)
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Are Friends of My Friends Too Social? Limitations of Location Privacy in a Socially-Connected World
- 2018
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2018 THE NINETEENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKING AND COMPUTING (MOBIHOC 18). - New York, NY, USA : ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY. - 9781450357708 ; , s. 280-289
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the ubiquitous adoption of smartphones and mobile devices, it is now common practice for ones location to be sensed, collected and likely shared through social platforms. While such data can be helpful for many applications, users start to be aware of the privacy issue in handling location and trajectory data. While some users may voluntarily share their location information (e.g., for receiving location-based services, or for crowdsourcing systems), their location information may lead to information leaks about the whereabouts of other users, through the co-location of events when two users are at the same location at the same time and other side information, such as upper bounds of movement speed. It is therefore crucial to understand how much information one can derive about others positions through the co-location of events and occasional GPS location leaks of some of the users. In this paper we formulate the problem of inferring locations of mobile agents, present theoretically-proven bounds on the amount of information that could be leaked in this manner, study their geometric nature, and present algorithms matching these bounds. We will show that even if a very weak set of assumptions is made on trajectories patterns, and users are not obliged to follow any reasonable patterns, one could infer very accurate estimation of users locations even if they opt not to share them. Furthermore, this information could be obtained using almost linear-time algorithms, suggesting the practicality of the method even for huge volumes of data.
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| 5. |
- Li, Cong, et al.
(författare)
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Network pharmacological mechanism of Cinobufotalin against glioma
- 2021
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Ingår i: NANOMEDICINE AND NEUROPROTECTION IN BRAIN DISEASES. - : ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC. - 9780323901628 ; , s. 119-137
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Cinobufotalin was extracted from the skin of Chinese giant salamander or black sable with good clinical effect against tumor. This study aims to explore the mechanism of Cinobufotalin components and predict the target of action of Cinobufotalin on glioma. Methods: The active components of Cinobufotalin were screened by the Chinese medicine pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP), PubChem database, etc. The potential molecular components and targets were identified and enrichment analysis was conducted through the construction of related networks and analysis of their characteristics. Relevant targets of glioma were searched through TTD, DRUGBANK, and other databases, and the intersection was found and the key targets were found too. Results: A total of 21 active components and 184 target genes of Cinobufotalin were found. According to the enrichment analysis results, the pharmacological mechanism of Cinobufotalin mainly includes inhibition of the cell cycle, promotion of cell apoptosis, and regulation of immunity. On this basis, RAC1, FOS, and NOS3 can be preliminarily predicted as potential targets of Cinobufotalin in the treatment of glioma. Conclusions: The screening of active ingredients and target prediction based on network pharmacology can provide a new research idea for the multi-target treatment of glioma with Cinobufotalin.
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| 6. |
- Liao, Hong, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide identification of resistance genes and response mechanism analysis of key gene knockout strain to catechol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2024
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Ingår i: FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY. - 1664-302X. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for biodegradation and transformation of industrial toxic substances such as catechol (CA) has received widespread attention, but the low tolerance of S. cerevisiae to CA has limited its development. The exploration and modification of genes or pathways related to CA tolerance in S. cerevisiae is an effective way to further improve the utilization efficiency of CA. This study identified 36 genes associated with CA tolerance in S. cerevisiae through genome-wide identification and bioinformatics analysis and the ERG6 knockout strain (ERG6 Delta) is the most sensitive to CA. Based on the omics analysis of ERG6 Delta under CA stress, it was found that ERG6 knockout affects pathways such as intrinsic component of membrane and pentose phosphate pathway. In addition, the study revealed that 29 genes related to the cell wall-membrane system were up-regulated by more than twice, NADPH and NADP(+) were increased by 2.48 and 4.41 times respectively, and spermidine and spermine were increased by 2.85 and 2.14 times, respectively, in ERG6 Delta. Overall, the response of cell wall-membrane system, the accumulation of spermidine and NADPH, as well as the increased levels of metabolites in pentose phosphate pathway are important findings in improving the CA resistance. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the tolerance of strains to CA and reducing the damage caused by CA to the ecological environment and human health.
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| 7. |
- Ren, Hanyu, et al.
(författare)
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Untangling the effects of climate variation and human interference on grassland dynamics in North China
- 2024
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Ingår i: Land Degradation and Development. - 1085-3278 .- 1099-145X. ; 35:1, s. 467-483
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climatic and anthropogenic disturbances play pivotal roles in shaping the dynamics of grassland. Quantifying their impacts on grassland variation is essential to ensure sustainable grassland management. In this study, we employed the Thornthwaite Memorial and Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-approach (CASA) models to investigate the spatiotemporal effects of these two variables on grassland variation in northern China from 2000 to 2016, using the net primary productivity (NPP) as a measure. Our findings reveal that approximately 25.92% of the grassland in northern China experienced degradation, while restored grasslands occupied 45% of the total grassland area. The average grassland actual NPP (ANPP) and human-induced NPP decreased at rates of -0.60 and -5.62 gC m-2 a-1, respectively. Conversely, potential NPP exhibited an upward trend with an average increase of 2.27 gC m-2 a-1. Furthermore, grassland ANPP showed a projected increase in most parts of northern China. Climate change emerged as the primary driver for grassland restoration in Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Inner Mongolia, leading to an increase of 21582.79 Gg C in grassland NPP. In contrast, human activities were the dominant catalysts for grassland degradation, resulting in a reduction of 51932.3 Gg C in grassland NPP. Human-induced grassland degradation was ubiquitous in northwest and northeast China. With the exception of slope grassland, climate change primarily influenced the restoration of most grassland types, while human activities were the primary cause of degradation. Our analysis indicated a strong correlation between temperature and grassland degradation, while precipitation played a pivotal role in grassland restoration in northern China. Human interference demonstrated both positive and negative impacts on grassland changes. In conclusion, the increase in precipitation and the implementation of ecological restoration plans have effectively promoted the restoration of grasslands in northern China.
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| 8. |
- Ren, Hanyu, et al.
(författare)
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Vegetation response to changes in climate across different climate zones in China
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ecological Indicators. - 1470-160X .- 1872-7034. ; 155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vegetation growth is sensitive to climate change. The complex climate types of China pose great challenges to the sustainable management of vegetation on global change. Therefore, this study used Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) as an indicator to explore the spatiotemporal dynamics of vegetation and their driving factors in different climatic zones of China to provide theoretical support for sustainable vegetation management in different climate zones in the future. The results showed that vegetation exhibited considerable clustering patterns in the country, with high and low values concentrated in the eastern and western regions, respectively. From 2001 to 2020, both at regional and pixel scales, vegetation in China showed a significant greening trend. EVI displayed a noticeable increase within temperate and subtropical areas. The only exception is observed in the eastern coastal area of the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta region, which experienced evident degradation trend. During this period, China's climate showed an overall trend towards warming and humidification with drying trends observed mainly over the western regions. The impact of climate changes resulted in EVI dynamics that vary over time and space. The vegetation change in China was mainly derived by changes in precipitation and radiation rather than temperature, especially in temperate and subfrigid regions. Precipitation was the main driving factor for vegetation greening in tropical and temperate regions, while radiation and temperature were the dominant climate factor for vegetation greening in subfrigid and subtropical regions, respectively. When precipitation was no longer a limiting factor for vegetation growth, the effect of temperature or radiation increases. In addition, the positive impact of precipitation on plant growth in temperate regions was much greater than that of radiation and temperature, and this difference was much greater than in tropical, subtropical, and subfrigid regions.
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