| 1. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 2. |
- Fu, Xianbiao, et al.
(författare)
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High-Entropy Alloy Nanosheets for Fine-Tuning Hydrogen Evolution
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 12:19, s. 11955-11959
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electrolysis of water is promising for hydrogen production. The development of high-performance and low-cost hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts is particularly important for the wide application of water electrolyzers. Tuning the hydrogen binding energy (HBE) of materials is an effective way to optimize the HER electrocatalysts, particularly for applications in an acidic environment. Here, we report the discovery of a Pt-free combination, PdMoGaInNi, which has the HBE optimum, via computer-facilitated screening. As the exploratory example of the two-dimensional high-entropy alloy (HEA) for HER, the PdMoGaInNi HEA nanosheets were synthesized to realize the predicted Pt-free combination with optimal HBE. The PdMoGaInNi HEA nanosheets exhibit a high HER activity with low overpotentials of 13 mV at 10 mA cm-2, outperforming commercial Pd/C and Pt/C catalysts. Given the high entropy, lattice distortion, and sluggish diffusion effects of HEA, the PdMoGaInNi shows great long-term durability for at least 200 h in a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer.
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| 3. |
- Kottwitz, Matthew, et al.
(författare)
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Local Structure and Electronic State of Atomically Dispersed Pt Supported on Nanosized CeO2
- 2019
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Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2155-5435. ; 9:9, s. 8738-8748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single atom catalysts (SACs) have shown high activity and selectivity in a growing number of chemical reactions. Many efforts aimed at unveiling the structure-property relationships underpinning these activities and developing synthesis methods for obtaining SACs with the desired structures are hindered by the paucity of experimental methods capable of probing the attributes of local structure, electronic properties, and interaction with support-features that comprise key descriptors of their activity. In this work, we describe a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches that include photon and electron spectroscopy, scattering, and imaging methods, linked by density functional theory calculations, for providing detailed and comprehensive information on the atomic structure and electronic properties of SACs. This characterization toolbox is demonstrated here using a model single atom Pt/CeO2 catalyst prepared via a sol-gel-based synthesis method. Isolated Pt atoms together with extra oxygen atoms passivate the (100) surface of nanosized ceria. A detailed picture of the local structure of Pt nearest environment emerges from this work involving the bonding of isolated Pt2+ ions at the hollow sites of perturbed (100) surface planes of the CeO2 support, as well as a substantial (and heretofore unrecognized) strain within the CeO2 lattice in the immediate vicinity of the Pt centers. The detailed information on structural attributes provided by our approach is the key for understanding and improving the properties of SACs.
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| 4. |
- Lamichhaney, Sangeet, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Structural genomic changes underlie alternative reproductive strategies in the ruff (Philomachus pugnax)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 48:1, s. 84-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ruff is a Palearctic wader with a spectacular lekking behavior where highly ornamented males compete for females1,2,3,4. This bird has one of the most remarkable mating systems in the animal kingdom, comprising three different male morphs (independents, satellites and faeders) that differ in behavior, plumage color and body size. Remarkably, the satellite and faeder morphs are controlled by dominant alleles5,6. Here we have used whole-genome sequencing and resolved the enigma of how such complex phenotypic differences can have a simple genetic basis. The Satellite and Faeder alleles are both associated with a 4.5-Mb inversion that occurred about 3.8 million years ago. We propose an evolutionary scenario where the Satellite chromosome arose by a rare recombination event about 500,000 years ago. The ruff mating system is the result of an evolutionary process in which multiple genetic changes contributing to phenotypic differences between morphs have accumulated within the inverted region.
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| 5. |
- Liu, Jiahao, et al.
(författare)
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Adoptive passive transfer of rabbit beta1-adrenoceptor peptide immune cardiomyopathy into the Rag2-/- mouse: participation of the ER stress.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-8584 .- 0022-2828. ; 44:2, s. 304-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Auto-antibodies against the beta(1)-adrenoceptors are present in 30-40% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Recently, a synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence of the second extracellular loop of the human beta(1)-adrenoceptor (beta(1)-EC(II)) has been shown to produce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, myocyte apoptosis and cardiomyopathy in immunized rabbits. To study the direct cardiac effects of anti-beta(1)-EC(II) antibody in intact animals and if they are mediated via beta(1)-adrenoceptor stimulation, we administered IgG purified from beta(1)-EC(II)-immunized rabbits to recombination activating gene 2 knock-out (Rag2(-/-)) mice every 2 weeks with and without metoprolol treatment. Serial echocardiography and cardiac catheterization showed that beta(1)-EC(II) IgG reduced cardiac systolic function after 3 months. This was associated with increase in heart weight, myocyte apoptosis, activation of caspase-3, -9 and -12, and increased ER stress as evidenced by upregulation of GRP78 and CHOP and cleavage of ATF6. The Rag2(-/-) mice also exhibited increased phosphorylation of CaMKII and p38 MAPK. Metoprolol administration, which attenuated the phosphorylation of CaMKII and p38 MAPK, reduced the ER stress, caspase activation and cell death. Finally, we employed the small-interfering RNA technology to reduce caspase-12 in cultured rat cardiomyocytes. This reduced not only the increase of cleaved caspase-12 but also of the number of myocyte apoptosis produced by beta(1)-EC(II) IgG. Thus, we conclude that ER stress plays an important role in cell death and cardiac dysfunction in beta(1)-EC(II) IgG cardiomyopathy, and the effects of beta(1)-EC(II) IgG are mediated via the beta(1)-adrenergic receptor.
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| 6. |
- Liu, Shengchun, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative positions of internal heat exchanger for CO2 booster refrigeration system : Thermodynamic analysis and annual thermal performance evaluation
- 2021
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Ingår i: International journal of refrigeration. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0140-7007 .- 1879-2081. ; 131, s. 1016-1028
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Refrigeration systems running on transcritical CO2 cycle are considered an alternative to phase-down the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in response to the Kigali Amendment. Responding to the need to improve the efficiency of CO2 booster systems and to identify optimum system designs, thermodynamic models of three booster systems are proposed with the use of an internal heat exchanger (IHX). Findings from this study suggest that placing the IHX with a low-temperature fluid side at the suction line of high pressure stage compressor and high-temperature fluid side at the outlet of gas cooler represents the most optimal approach in improving the coefficient of performance (COP) of the booster system. When operating in the transcritical conditions, the COP values can be improved by 6.35% at the IHX thermal effectiveness of 0.8 and by 6.48% at the ratio of medium temperature load to low temperature load of 6. Using IHX can significantly reduce the compressor discharge pressure, which can be reduced by 0.55 MPa at the ambient temperature of 40 degrees C. Furthermore, by adding IHX, the annual performance factor of CO2 system can be improved significantly by 1.68% and the annual total power consumption can be decreased by 6.48% in the tropical climate. It can be concluded that IHX can improve the COP values of a booster system when operating in the subtropical and tropical regions.
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| 7. |
- Malmström, Tore, et al.
(författare)
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Grover - A Forest Seedling Transporter : Skogforsk & SCA
- 2023
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- 300-400 million seedlings are planted manually each year by the Swedish forest industry. During this process workers walk an average distance of 20 km a day, in rough terrain, to resupply seedlings from the closest road. Due to this, Skogforsk in association with SCA, has given the task to develop and construct a seedling transporter capable of traversing rough terrain on primarily electric power. This report contains a state of the art of current technologies deemed relevant to this project as of 2022, a concept design for the proposed solution and a description of the implementation of the project, as well as discussion concerning the results. The parts of the vehicle were all designed using CAD software, and were then either ordered or manufactured in house with a laser cutter, water jet or a lathe among other tools and methods. The final solution is a hybrid of the designs studied in the state of the art. For suspension it utilizes pendulum arms with springs. It uses a split chassis for increased stability. The wheels are large enough that the individual ground pressure is less than that of a human. The chassis and four wheel drive combination enables efficient differential steering, driven by electric motors. The final rover is able to carry over 100kg of load. Not all requirements on the vehicle were met, but it can still provide its basic function.
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| 8. |
- Wang, Jiahao, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of gas blowing nozzle angle on multiphase flow and mass transfer during RH refining process
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. - : Springer Nature. - 1674-4799 .- 1869-103X. ; 30:5, s. 844-856
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A three-dimensional mathematical model was developed to investigate the effect of gas blowing nozzle angles on multiphase flow, circulation flow rate, and mixing time during Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) refining process. Also, a water model with a geometric scale of 1:4 from an industrial RH furnace of 260 t was built up, and measurements were carried out to validate the mathematical model. The results show that, with a conventional gas blowing nozzle and the total gas flow rate of 40 L center dot min(-1), the mixing time predicted by the mathematical model agrees well with the measured values. The deviations between the model predictions and the measured values are in the range of about 1.3%-7.3% at the selected three monitoring locations, where the mixing time was defined as the required time when the dimensionless concentration is within 3% deviation from the bath averaged value. In addition, the circulation flow rate was 9 kg center dot s(-1). When the gas blowing nozzle was horizontally rotated by either 30 degrees or 45 degrees, the circulation flow rate was found to be increased by about 15% compared to a conventional nozzle, due to the rotational flow formed in the up-snorkel. Furthermore, the mixing time at the monitoring point 1, 2, and 3 was shortened by around 21.3%, 28.2%, and 12.3%, respectively. With the nozzle angle of 30 degrees and 45 degrees, the averaged residence time of 128 bubbles in liquid was increased by around 33.3%.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Jin, et al.
(författare)
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Infinitely repeated game based real-time scheduling for low-carbon flexible job shop considering multi-time periods
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production scheduling has great significance for optimizing tasks distribution, reducing energy consumption and mitigating environmental degradation. Currently, the research of production scheduling considering energy consumption mainly focuses on the traditional manufacturing workshop. With the wide application of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the real-time data of manufacturing resources and production processes can be retrieved easily. These manufacturing data can provide opportunities for manufacturing enterprises to reduce energy consumption and enhance production efficiency. To achieve these targets, a multi-period production planning based real-time scheduling (MPPRS) approach for the loT-enabled low-carbon flexible job shop (LFJS) is presented in this study to carry out real-time scheduling based on the real-time manufacturing data. Then, the mathematical models of real-time scheduling are established to achieve production efficiency improvement and energy consumption reduction. To obtain a feasible solution, an infinitely repeated game optimization approach is used. Finally, a case study is implemented to analyse and discuss the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that in general, the proposed method can achieve better results than the existing dynamic scheduling methods. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Wang, Junbo, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Molecular Configurations on the Desulfonylation Reactions on Metal Surfaces
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 144:47, s. 21596-21605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On-surface synthesis is a powerful methodology for the fabrication of low-dimensional functional materials. The precursor molecules usually anchor on different metal surfaces via similar configurations. The activation energies are therefore solely determined by the chemical activity of the respective metal surfaces. Here, we studied the influence of the detailed adsorption configuration on the activation energy on different metal surfaces. We systematically studied the desulfonylation homocoupling for a molecular precursor on Au(111) and Ag(111) and found that the activation energy is lower on inert Au(111) than on Ag(111). Combining scanning tunneling microscopy observations, synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy measurements, and density functional theory calculations, we elucidate that the phenomenon arises from different molecule-substrate interactions. The molecular precursors anchor on Au(111) via Au-S interactions, which lead to weakening of the phenyl-S bonds. On the other hand, the molecular precursors anchor on Ag(111) via Ag-O interactions, resulting in the lifting of the S atoms. As a consequence, the activation barrier of the desulfonylation reactions is higher on Ag(111), although silver is generally more chemically active than gold. Our study not only reports a new type of on-surface chemical reaction but also clarifies the influence of detailed adsorption configurations on specific on-surface chemical reactions.
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