| 1. |
- Huang, Guokai, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Corrosion Products Deposited on 304 Stainless Steel on Reduction of Se (IV/VI) in Simulated Groundwater
- 2022
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 15:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selenium (Se) is a key mobile fission product in the geological disposal of nuclear waste. It is necessary to analyze the reductive deposition behavior of iron-based materials to Se(IV) and Se(VI) in groundwater. In the present work, the corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel in simulated groundwater (SG) and the effects of corrosion products on the dissolution of Se were investigated by electrochemical and immersion tests. Experimental results revealed that passivation films formed on 304 stainless-steel samples were destroyed by polarization measurements, forming corrosion products consisting of Fe(II) compounds, such as Fe3O4 and FeO. Corrosion products deposited on the surface of steel samples previously treated by polarization measurements in SG + CaCl2/Na2CO3/Na2SiO3 solutions effectively reduced soluble Se(IV) and Se(VI) during immersion tests, depositing FeSe2 on sample surfaces.
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| 2. |
- Huang, Zhen, et al.
(författare)
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Recurrent chromosome reshuffling and the evolution of neo-sex chromosomes in parrots
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parrots have undergone substantial karyotype evolution compared to most other birds. Here, Huang et al. analyze chromosome-level genome assemblies for four parrot species and elucidate the complex evolutionary history of parrot chromosomes. The karyotype of most birds has remained considerably stable during more than 100 million years' evolution, except for some groups, such as parrots. The evolutionary processes and underlying genetic mechanism of chromosomal rearrangements in parrots, however, are poorly understood. Here, using chromosome-level assemblies of four parrot genomes, we uncover frequent chromosome fusions and fissions, with most of them occurring independently among lineages. The increased activities of chromosomal rearrangements in parrots are likely associated with parrot-specific loss of two genes, ALC1 and PARP3, that have known functions in the repair of double-strand breaks and maintenance of genome stability. We further find that the fusion of the ZW sex chromosomes and chromosome 11 has created a pair of neo-sex chromosomes in the ancestor of parrots, and the chromosome 25 has been further added to the sex chromosomes in monk parakeet. Together, the combination of our genomic and cytogenetic analyses characterizes the complex evolutionary history of chromosomal rearrangements and sex chromosomes in parrots.
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| 3. |
- Li, Teng, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Different Ions and Temperature on Corrosion Behavior of Pure Iron in Anoxic Simulated Groundwater
- 2020
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 13:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a typical material of the insert in high-level radioactive waste (HLW) geological disposal canisters, iron-based materials will directly contact with groundwater after the failure of a metallic canister, acting as a chemical barrier to prevent HLW leaking into groundwater. In this paper, anoxic groundwater was simulated by mixing 10 mM NaCl and 2 mM NaHCO3 purged by Ar gas (containing 0.3% CO2) with different added ions (Ca2+, CO32− and SiO32−) and operation temperatures (25, 40 and 60 °C). An electrochemical measurement, immersion tests and surface characterization were carried out to study the corrosion behavior of pure iron in the simulated groundwater. The effects of Ca2+ on the corrosion behavior of iron is negligible, however, Cl− plays an important role in accelerating the corrosion activity with the increased concentration and temperature. With increased concentrations of CO32− and SiO32−, the corrosion resistance of iron is largely improved, which is attributed to the formation of a uniform passivation film. The independent effects of temperature on the corrosion behavior of iron are resulted from the repeated passivation–dissolution processes in the formation of the passivation film, resulting from the synergistic effects of CO32−/SiO32− and Cl−. The formation of ferric silicate is dominant in the passivation film with the addition of SiO32−, which effectively protects the iron surface from corrosion.
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| 4. |
- Yang, Junkai, et al.
(författare)
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A mechanism of timing variability underlying the association between the mean and SD of asynchrony
- 2019
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Ingår i: Human Movement Science. - : Elsevier. - 0167-9457 .- 1872-7646. ; 67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sensorimotor timing behaviors typically exhibit an elusive phenomenon known as the negative asynchrony. When synchronizing movements (e.g. finger taps) with an external sequence (e.g. a metronome), people’s taps precede event onsets by a few tens of milliseconds. We recently reported that asynchrony is less negative in participants with lower asynchrony variability. This indicates an association between negative asynchrony and variability of timing. Here, in 24 metronome-synchronization data sets, we modeled asynchrony series using a sensorimotor synchronization model that accounts for serial dependence of asynchronies. The results showed that the modeling well captured the negative correlation between the mean and SD of asynchrony. The finding suggests that serial dependence in asynchronies is an essential mechanism of timing variability underlying the association between the mean and SD of asynchrony.
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| 5. |
- Yang, Junkai, et al.
(författare)
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Tapping ahead of time : its association with timing variability
- 2020
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Ingår i: Psychological Research. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0340-0727 .- 1430-2772. ; 84, s. 343-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers have puzzled over the phenomenon in sensorimotor timing that people tend to tap ahead of time. When synchronizing movements (e.g., finger taps) with an external sequence (e.g., a metronome), humans typically tap tens of milliseconds before event onsets, producing the elusive negative asynchrony. Here, we present 24 metronome-tapping data sets from 8 experiments with different experimental settings, showing that less negative asynchrony is associated with lower tapping variability. Further analyses reveal that this negative mean-SD correlation of asynchrony is likely to be observed for sequence types appropriate for synchronization, as indicated by the statistically negative lag 1 autocorrelation of inter-response intervals. The reported findings indicate an association between negative asynchrony and timing variability.
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