| 1. |
- Kanoni, Stavroula, et al.
(författare)
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Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Genome biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N=1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3-5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism.Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
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| 2. |
- Ma, Xiaotong, et al.
(författare)
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Association of sdLDL-C With Incident Carotid Plaques With Stable and Vulnerable Morphology : A Prospective Cohort Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 55:3, s. 576-585
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) particles are more atherogenic than large and intermediate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) subfractions. We sought to investigate the association of sdLDL-C and the sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio with incident carotid plaques with stable and vulnerable morphology in rural China.METHODS: This community-based cohort study used data from the RICAS study (Rose Asymptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis), which enrolled 887 participants (aged ≥40 years) who were living in Kongcun Town, Pingyin County, Shandong, and free of carotid plaques and had no history of clinical stroke or transient ischemic attack at baseline (2017). Incident carotid plaques and their vulnerability were detected by carotid ultrasound at follow-up (2021). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the association of sdLDL-C or sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio with incident carotid plaques while adjusting for demographic factors, vascular risk factors, and follow-up time.RESULTS: Of the 887 participants (mean age [SD], 53.89 [8.67%] years; 54.34% women), 179 (20.18%) were detected with incident carotid plaques during an average follow-up of 3.94 years (SD=0.14). Higher sdLDL-C or sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio, but not LDL-C, was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident carotid plaques. The upper tertile of sdLDL-C (versus lower tertile) was associated with the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of 2.48 (95% CI, 1.00–6.15; P=0.049; P for linear trend=0.046) for carotid plaques with vulnerable morphology (n=41), and the association remained significant in participants with normal LDL-C (<130 mg/dL; n=693; upper versus lower tertile: odds ratio, 3.38 [95% CI, 1.15–9.90]; P=0.027; P for linear trend=0.025). Moreover, the sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio was associated with a higher odds ratio of incident carotid plaques in participants without diabetes (P for interaction=0.014).CONCLUSIONS: Higher sdLDL-C was associated with an increased risk of incident carotid plaques, especially carotid plaques with vulnerable morphology, even in participants with normal LDL-C. This suggests the potential of sdLDL-C as a therapeutic target for stroke prevention.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Jinling, et al.
(författare)
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Bcl-2 hijacks the arsenic trioxide resistance in SH-SY5Y cells
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1582-1838 .- 1582-4934. ; 26:2, s. 563-569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aresenic trioxide (ATO) is proven to be active against leukaemia cells by inducing apoptosis and differentiation. Even though ATO could effectively induce remissions of leukaemia cells, the drug resistance was observed occasionally. To further dissect the mechanism of ATO resistance, we selected the ATO-resistant SH-SY5Y cells and found that Bcl-2 controlled the sensitivity of ATO in SH-SY5Y cells. We report that necroptosis, autophagy, NF-ƘB and MAPK signalling pathway are not involved in ATO-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the ATO-resistant cells showed distinct mitochondrial morphology compared with that of ATO-sensitive cells. Intriguingly, nude mice-bearing ATO-sensitive cells derived xenograft tumours are more sensitive to ATO treatment compared with that of ATO-resistant cells. These data demonstrate that cancer cells can acquire the ATO-resistance ability by increasing the Bcl-2 expression.
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| 4. |
- Wang, Jixiang, et al.
(författare)
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Surface-imprinted fluorescence microspheres as ultrasensitive sensor for rapid and effective detection of tetracycline in real biological samples
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 263, s. 533-542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensors have shown great promise in environmental or biological monitoring and due to its high stability, selectivity and sensitivity. In this study, a fluorescence surface imprinted sensor (SiO2-AF@MIPs) towards tetracycline (TC) was successfully prepared to address the shortcomings in current molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensor, such as slow response, limited detection and deteriorated performance in real complex samples. Benefited from the thin surface-imprinting layer, the SiO2-AF@MIPs sensors showed higher sensitivity (LOD low to 4.26 nM), rapid detection rate, reusable performance and excellent selectivity over several target competitors. Furthermore, the fluorescence sensor could efficiently detect TC in real biological samples, including tetracycline hydrochloride injection, human serum and swine urine. These results clearly demonstrated the potential value of this smart sensor nanomaterial in environmental monitoring and biological diagnosis. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Wang, Pan, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide study identifies the regulatory glycosyltransferase genes networks and signaling pathways from Keshan disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Science. - : David Publishing Company. ; 2:4, s. 165-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- KD (Keshan disease) is an endemic cardiomyopathy occurring only in China. Its pathogenesis is unclear till now. In the study, gene expression profiles of the PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cell) derived respectively from KD patients and healthy in KD areas were compared. Total RNA was isolated, amplified, labeled and hybridized to Agilent 4 × 44 K Whole Human Genome Oligonucleotide Microarray. Significant canonical pathways were analyzed by IPA (ingenuity pathway analysis) to identify differently expressed genes and pathways involved in the cardiovascular system development and function. Quantitative RT-PCR was applied tofurther validate our microarray results. Eighty-three up-regulated (ratios ≥ 2.0) and nine down-regulated glycosyltransferase genes (ratios ≤ 0.5) in PBMC in KD patients were detected by significance analysis of microarrays. Two significant canonical pathways from glycosyltransferase gene expression profiles were screened by IPA. The results of qRT-PCR show that four up-regulated (BMP1/7/10 and FGF18) and one down-regulated (BMP2) genes are consistent with those in microarray experiment, confirming the validity of the microarray data. Based on the results of the study, it is suggested that bone morphogenetic proteins and fibroblast growth factors might play an important role in the pathogenesis of KD. This further helps us to understand the pathogenesis of KD, as well as dilated cardiomyopathy
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| 6. |
- Wang, Zhenni, et al.
(författare)
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Potential assessment of large-scale hydro-photovoltaic-wind hybrid systems on a global scale
- 2021
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 146, s. 111154-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large-scale hydro-photovoltaic-wind hybrid systems have the potential to improve flexibility with multiple renewable energy sources. However, few studies have investigated the optimal configuration of hybrid systems, especially on a global scale. This paper examines the regulation capacity of global reservoirs and the characteristics of wind and solar resources, thereby configuring hybrid energy systems at 3080 selected sites around the world. The operation schemes of each hybrid system are simulated, and the optimal sizes of wind and PV power plants are determined considering the risks and benefits of systems. The results show that the total potential installed capacity is 1699 GW with an electricity generation of 4348 TW-hours per year. Hydropower, PV and wind power account for 67%, 20% and 13% of the total electricity generation, respectively, and the largest potential is found in the Asia-Pacific region (40%). The fluctuation ratios of hybrid systems are 78-99% lower than those of independent systems, and integration of wind and PV power into hydropower results in an increase in the average utilization efficiency of transmission networks from 50% to 72%. It is expected that 3900 GW of additional PV and wind power will be produced by 2040, 26% of which could be provided by hybrid systems. The results indicate that large-scale hydro-PV-wind hybrid systems could make important contributions to the global transition to low-carbon energy systems.
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| 7. |
- Zhang, Jie, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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A study of the influence of bogie cut outs' angles on the aerodynamic performance of a high-speed train
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-6105. ; 175, s. 153-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aerodynamic drag of a high-speed train can contribute significantly to its energy consumption. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to find out a new compound mode of bogie cut outs to achieve drag reduction for a Chinese high-speed train. In this paper, a Detached Eddy Simulation method based on the Realizable k-ε turbulence model was used to investigate the underbody flow features of high-speed trains with different compound modes in the angles of bogie cut outs at Re = 1.85 × 10 6 . The time-averaged aerodynamic drag was compared with experimental data from wind tunnel tests. The results show that the DES simulations present high accuracy in predicting this kind of flow underneath the train body, and those numerical results closely agree with the experimental data. The variations of bogie cut outs' angles only cause the changes of flow structures around the bogies and in the wake. As a result, obtain different aerodynamic drag forces. Most of drag of the train is experienced by the streamlined head and all bogie regions. A new compound mode of bogie cut outs is proposed in the present paper, achieving 2.92% drag reduction for a three-car model.
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| 8. |
- Abolfathi, Bela, et al.
(författare)
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The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey : First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
- 2018
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 235:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014-2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V.
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| 9. |
- Blanton, Michael R., et al.
(författare)
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Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV : Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe
- 2017
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 154:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and. high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median z similar to 0.03). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between z similar to 0.6 and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs. and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the. Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July.
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| 10. |
- Cao, Zi-Jun, et al.
(författare)
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State-of-the-art review of inherent variability and uncertainty in geotechnical properties and models : Chapter 6: Determining characteristic values of geotechnical parameters and resistance: an overview
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- CEN committee TC250 is currently working on an update of the Eurocodes. Subcommittee SC10,in charge of updating EN 1990 (Basis of structural and geotechnical design has installed aworking group to produce a background document with the working title ‘Reliability Backgrounds of the Eurocodes’, with the intention to document and explain the reliability framework underlying all Eurocodes and the implementation of reliability aspects in them. As part of that effort, quantitative information on the inherent variability and uncertainty in loads, material properties and models is compiled. ISSMGE TC304 identified this as an opportunity to provide an overview of the relevant information available in the geotechnical literature such as the statistics of soil/rock properties. The EPRI TR 105000 report (Phoon et al. 1995) provided an overview of the statistics of inherent soil properties and measurement errors, but these statistics have not yet been updated systematically since 1995. Also, rock properties were not covered by the TR 105000 report. Other than soil/rock properties and measurement errors, there are also other important statistics, such as the statistics of transformation uncertainties and model factors.The current technical report has the following features:1. It serves as an update for the TR 105000 report on the statistics of inherent soil properties. Chapter 1 compiles the site specific statistics for univariate soil properties. Chapter 3 compiles the random field parameters (e.g., the scales of fluctuation) for spatial variability of soils. Many of the statistics are new.2. It contains statistics that are not covered by the TR 105000 report. Chapter 1 compiles the site specific statistics for some rock and rock mass properties. Chapter 2 compiles the site specific correlations between soil/rock properties. Chapter 5 compiles the statistics for transformation uncertainties.3. Chapter 4 compiles the statistics of geotechnical design model factors . Chapter 6 reviews methods that determine the characteristic value defined by the Eurocode 7. Chapter 7 reviews some numerical evidences for the worst case scale of fluctuation.
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