| 1. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Wang, Hongdong, et al.
(författare)
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Superlubricity of Polyalkylene Glycol Aqueous Solutions Enabled by Ultrathin Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets
- 2019
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 11:22, s. 20249-20256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It was previously proved that the existence of a large amount of hydrogen ions in water-based lubricants can easily lead to a superlubric state; however, it was also shown that these hydrogen ions could cause severe corrosion. As part of a large family of attractive clays, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) possess excellent tribological properties in water-based lubrication systems. In the present work, two different kinds of LDHs are dispersed in polyalkylene glycol (PAG) aqueous solutions, in two distinct forms: ultrathin nanosheets (ULDH-NS) of ca. 60 nm wide and ca. 1 nm thick (single or double layer) and nanoparticles (LDH-NP) of ca. 19.73 nm wide and ca. 8.68 nm thick. We find that the addition of ULDH-NS greatly shortens (as much as 85%) the running-in period prior to reaching the superlubricity regime and increases the ultimate load-bearing capacity by about four times. As compared to the fluid film thickness of the lubricating PAG solution, their ultrathin longitudinal dimension will not impair or influence the fluid film coverage in the contact zone. The analysis of sliding solid surfaces and the atomic force microscope microscale friction test demonstrate that the adsorption of ULDH-NS enables the sliding solid surfaces to be polished and protected because of their relatively weak interlayer interaction and increased adhesion effect. Owing to their superior tribological properties as lubricant additives, ultrathin LDH nanosheets hold great potential for enabling liquid superlubricity in industrial applications in the future.
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| 4. |
- Wu, Xiuchen, et al.
(författare)
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Exposures to temperature beyond threshold disproportionately reduce vegetation growth in the northern hemisphere
- 2019
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Ingår i: National Science Review. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2095-5138 .- 2053-714X. ; 6:4, s. 786-795
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent decades, terrestrial vegetation in the northern hemisphere (NH) has been exposed to warming and more extremely high temperatures. However, the consequences of these changes for terrestrial vegetation growth remain poorly quantified and understood. By examining a satellite-based vegetation index, tree-ring measurements and land-surface model simulations, we discovered a consistent convex pattern in the responses of vegetation growth to temperature exposure (TE) for forest, shrub and grass in both the temperate (30°−50° N) and boreal (50°−70° N) NH during the period of 1982−2012. The response of vegetation growth to TE for the three vegetation types in both the temperate and boreal NH increased convergently with increasing temperature, until vegetation type-dependent temperature thresholds were reached. A TE beyond these temperature thresholds resulted in disproportionately weak positive or even strong negative responses. Vegetation growth in the boreal NH was more vulnerable to extremely high-temperature events than vegetation growth in the temporal NH. The non-linear responses discovered here provide new insights into the dynamics of northern terrestrial ecosystems in a warmer world.
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| 5. |
- Bergqvist, Rickard, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Potential Solutions to Upstream Buyer Consolidation in the China-Europe Container Trades - An Exploratory Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: 6th International Conference on Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS), 24-27 July, 2016, Beijing.. - : IEEE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Asia-Europe container trade is the most important trade in the world in terms of volumes transported (overtaking the Trans-Pacific trade in 2014). The typical structure of the supply chains associated with this trade is that containers are stuffed in China and the cargo is subsequently cross-docked at a major European logistics hub or closer to the customer, for further shipment to the final retailing point. This may be one of the reasons why short sea container shipping has only a limited market share of intra-European cargo flows, since once the cargo is unloaded from containers, it is more likely to be forwarded by land-based modes of transport. Paving the way for a greater proportion of cargo being cross-docked in China rather than Europe, may prove to be more cost-efficient and less environmentally damaging than the typical solution. This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the typical solution and alternative solutions such as buyers’ consolidation and concludes that new alternative solutions are worth investigating further. The potential for shifting from the typical solution to new alternatives is dependent on the identification of key decision makers in the design of these supply chains. As such, a careful analysis of this must be undertaken and the capability of Logistics service providers (LSPs) in China assessed.
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| 6. |
- Bergqvist, Rickard, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Upstream Buyer Consolidation and Downstream Short Sea Shipping in the Asia-Europe Sea Container Supply Chain – An Exploratory Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Association of Maritime Economists Annual Conference, Hamburg, August 23-26, 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Asia-Europe container trade is the most important trade in the world in terms of volumes transported (overtaking the Trans-Pacific trade in 2014). The typical structure of the supply chains associated with this trade is that containers are stuffed in China and the cargo is subsequently cross-docked at a major European logistics hub or closer to the customer, for further shipment to the final retailing point. This may be one of the reasons why short sea container shipping has only a limited market share of intra-European cargo flows, since once cargo is unloaded from containers, it is more likely to be forwarded by land-based modes of transport. Paving the way for a greater proportion of cargo being cross-docked in China rather than Europe, may prove to be more cost-efficient and less environmentally damaging than the typical solution. This paper discusses four main comparative differences between the typical solution and alternative solutions such as buyers’ consolidation and concludes that new alternative solutions are worth investigating further. The potential shift from the typical solution to new alternatives is dependent on the identification of key decision makers in the design of these supply chains and a careful analysis of bottlenecks and impediments that must be overcome to facilitate this shift.
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| 7. |
- Cheng, Huailei, et al.
(författare)
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Truck platooning reshapes greenhouse gas emissions of the integrated vehicle-road infrastructure system
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reducing greenhouse gas emissions has turned into a pillar of climate change mitigation. Truck platooning is proposed as a strategy to lower emissions from vehicles on roads. However, the potential interactive impacts of this technology on road infrastructure emissions remain unclear. Here, we evaluate the decarbonization effects of truck platooning on the integrated vehicle-road system at a large-scale road network level, spanning 1457 road sections across North America. We show that truck platooning decreases emissions induced by truck operations, but it degrades faster the durability of road infrastructure and leads to a 27.9% rise in road emissions due to more frequent maintenance work. Overall, truck platooning results in a 5.1% emission reduction of the integrated vehicle-road system. In contrast to the benefits of emission reduction, truck platooning leads to additional financial burdens on car users and transportation agencies, calling for the consideration of tradeoffs between emissions and costs and between agencies and users. Our research provides insights into the potential applications of truck platooning to mitigate climate change.
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| 8. |
- Li, Yaoxing, et al.
(författare)
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A named data approach for DTN routing
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 Wireless Days, WD 2017. - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781509058563 ; , s. 163-166
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many common DTN routing protocols are replication-based, which have relatively good performance in terms of message delivery ratio but high overhead, and leave the issue of garbage collection open. In this paper, we propose Named Data Distance Routing (NDDR), a named data based DTN routing approach which makes routing decisions for named data based on topological distance information. This helps to reduce the overhead of routing. We have implemented NDDR in the ONE simulation environment and the simulation results show that the proposed routing method has better performance in terms of message delivery ratio and network overhead compared with several typical replication-based DTN routing protocols.
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| 9. |
- Li, Yuhong, et al.
(författare)
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Implicit Cooperative Caching based on Information Popularity for Vehicular Networks
- 2017
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Ingår i: CHANTS 2017. - New York : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450351447 ; , s. 51-56
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information dissemination is one of the most important tasks of vehicular networks. Therefore, information-centric networking (ICN) technology is being more and more widely used in vehicular networks due to the connectionless and lightweight characteristics of this networking paradigm. Caching plays an essential role in information-centric networks, but current caching techniques for ICN are not ideal for use in vehicular networks on account of the dynamicity and wireless transmission of vehicular networks. This paper presents a caching approach for ICN-based vehicular networks that takes into account both the dynamicity of vehicular networks and the popularity of the information to be distributed. By introducing the “interval” metric and estimating the popularity of information and current networking conditions of the vehicles on road, cooperative caching among nodes can be realized without exchanging cache management information among them. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can increase the storage space utilization and has low data response time for vehicular networks.
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| 10. |
- Wang, Hongdong, et al.
(författare)
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Catalytically Active Oil-based Lubricant Additives Enabled by Calcining Ni-Al Layered Double Hydroxides
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185. ; 11, s. 113-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have lately been hailed as robust lubricant additives for improving tribological properties and as ideal catalysts for synthesizing carbon-based nanomaterials. In this paper, in situ analytical tools are used to track the evolution of the crystal structure and chemical composition of LDHs during calcination. Nickel oxide and elemental nickel can be produced by calcining NiAl-LDH in air (LDH-C-Air) and argon (LDH-C-Ar), respectively. For the base oil with 1 wt % LDH-C-Air, negligible wear can be detected even after a 2 h friction test under a severe contact pressure (∼637 MPa). A relatively thick tribofilm (∼60 nm) with a better mechanical property is formed, which protects the solid surface from severe wear. In addition, the possible formed carbon debris may also prevent the direct collision of asperities and effectively improve the wear resistance. This work provides a unique vision for the application of calcined LDHs with the combination of catalysis and tribology.
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