| 1. |
- Shen, Qian, et al.
(författare)
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The Genome of Artemisia annua Provides Insight into the Evolution of Asteraceae Family and Artemisinin Biosynthesis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Molecular Plant. - : Cell Press. - 1674-2052 .- 1752-9867. ; 11:6, s. 776-788
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artemisia annua, commonly known as sweet wormwood or Qinghao, is a shrub native to China and has long been used for medicinal purposes. A. annua is now cultivated globally as the only natural source of a potent anti-malarial compound, artemisinin. Here, we report a high-quality draft assembly of the 1.74-gigabase genome of A. annua, which is highly heterozygous, rich in repetitive sequences, and contains 63 226 protein-coding genes, one of the largest numbers among the sequenced plant species. We found that, as one of a few sequenced genomes in the Asteraceae, the A. annua genome contains a large number of genes specific to this large angiosperm clade. Notably, the expansion and functional diversification of genes encoding enzymes involved in terpene biosynthesis are consistent with the evolution of the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway. We further revealed by transcriptome profiling that A. annua has evolved the sophisticated transcriptional regulatory networks underlying artemisinin biosynthesis. Based on comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analyses we generated transgenic A. annua lines producing high levels of artemisinin, which are now ready for large-scale production and thereby will help meet the challenge of increasing global demand of artemisinin.
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| 2. |
- Li, Yu-Feng, et al.
(författare)
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Organic Selenium Supplementation Increases Mercury Excretion and Decreases Oxidative Damage in Long-Term Mercury-Exposed Residents from Wanshan, China
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 46:20, s. 11313-11318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to a long history of extensive mercury mining and smelting activities, local residents in Wanshan, China, are suffering from elevated mercury exposure. The objective of the present study was to study the effects of oral supplementation with selenium-enriched yeast in these long-term mercury-exposed populations. One hundred and three volunteers from Wanshan area were recruited and 53 of them were supplemented with 100 mu g of organic selenium daily as selenium-enriched yeast while 50 of them were supplemented with the nonselenium-enriched yeast for 3 months. The effects of selenium supplementation on urinary mercury, selenium, and oxidative stress-related biomarkers including malondialdehyde and 8-ydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine were assessed. This 3-month selenium supplementation trial indicated that organic selenium supplementation could increase mercury excretion and decrease urinary malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels in local residents.
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| 3. |
- Muhammad, Zahir, et al.
(författare)
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Temperature Modulating Fermi Level Pinning in 2D GeSe for High‐Performance Transistor
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advanced Electronic Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2199-160X. ; 8:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 2D layered germanium selenide (GeSe) material possesses in-plane anisotropy because of low-symmetry crystal structure with a new degree of freedom for enhanced optical and electronic properties. However, their systematic vibrational and electronics properties are still under the scope to study. Herein, the vibrational properties of GeSe sheets are studied by Raman spectroscopy. Whereas, the temperature-dependent electronic band structure is studied using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) combined with density functional theory calculations. Moreover, the field-effect transistor (FET) is fabricated on a few-layer GeSe with high performance. The vibrational modes (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) demonstrates linear softening as the temperature increases, with temperature coefficient value associated by anharmonic phonon–phonon/electron coupling. Besides, the enhanced dielectric screening effect of long-range Coulomb and interlayer interaction is observed from bulk to monolayer. Similarly, ARPES results further show Fermi level movement toward the valance band as increased temperature represents hole doping to pining the Fermi level, which indicates superior carrier concentration for electronic properties. The fabricated FET device on six layers GeSe exhibits high carrier mobility of 52.89 cm2 V−1 s−1 with an on/off ratio above 4 × 105 at room temperature, while it decreased below the room temperature. Our results provide the important figure of merit for GeSe-based novel nanoelectronic and thermoelectric devices.
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| 4. |
- Nie, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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NO at low concentration can enhance the formation of highly oxygenated biogenic molecules in the atmosphere
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - Malmö : IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet AB. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction between nitrogen monoxide (NO) and organic peroxy radicals (RO2) greatly impacts the formation of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOM), the key precursors of secondary organic aerosols. It has been thought that HOM production can be significantly suppressed by NO even at low concentrations. Here, we perform dedicated experiments focusing on HOM formation from monoterpenes at low NO concentrations (0 – 82 pptv). We demonstrate that such low NO can enhance HOM production by modulating the RO2 loss and favoring the formation of alkoxy radicals that can continue to autoxidize through isomerization.These insights suggest that HOM yields from typical boreal forest emissions can vary between 2.5%-6.5%, and HOM formation will not be completely inhibited even at high NO concentrations. Our findings challenge the notion that NO monotonically reduces HOM yields by extending the knowledge of RO2-NO interactions to the low-NO regime. This represents a major advance towards an accurate assessment of HOM budgets, especially in low-NO environments, which prevails in the preindustrial atmosphere, pristine areas, and the upper boundary layer.
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