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- Pelto-Piri, Veikko, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Violence and aggression in psychiatric inpatient care in Sweden : a critical incident technique analysis of staff descriptions
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6963. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Violence towards staff working in psychiatric inpatient care is a serious problem. The aim of the present study was to explore staff perspectives of serious violent incidents involving psychiatric inpatients through the following research questions: Which factors contributed to violent incidents, according to staff? How do staff describe their actions and experiences during and after violent incidents?METHODS: We collected data via a questionnaire with open-ended questions, and captured 283 incidents reported by 181 staff members from 10 inpatient psychiatric wards in four different regions. We used the Critical Incident Technique to analyse the material. Our structural analysis started by structuring extracts from the critical incidents into descriptions, which were grouped into three chronological units of analyses: before the incident, during the incident and after the incident. Thereafter, we categorised all descriptions into subcategories, categories and main areas.RESULTS: Staff members often attributed aggression and violence to internal patient factors rather than situational/relational or organisational factors. The descriptions of violent acts included verbal threats, serious assault and death threats. In addition to coercive measures and removal of patients from the ward, staff often dealt with these incidents using other active measures rather than passive defence or de-escalation. The main effects of violent incidents on staff were psychological and emotional. After violent incidents, staff had to continue caring for patients, and colleagues provided support. Support from managers was reported more rarely and staff expressed some dissatisfaction with the management.CONCLUSIONS: As a primary prevention effort, it is important to raise awareness that external factors (organisational, situational and relational) are important causes of violence and may be easier to modify than internal patient factors. A secondary prevention approach could be to improve staff competence in the use of de-escalation techniques. An important tertiary prevention measure would be for management to follow up with staff regularly after violent incidents and to increase psychological support in such situations.
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- Andersson, Kjell, et al.
(författare)
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Inomhusklimat och riskkommunikation
- 2010
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Ingår i: Allergi i praksis. - Oslo : Astma och allergiförbundet. - 0806-5462. ; :2, s. 52-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
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- Brehmer, Berndt, et al.
(författare)
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Learning and hypothesis testing in probabilistic inference tasks
- 1985
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 26:4, s. 305-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relation between learning of probabilistic inference tasks and the availability of correct hypotheses for the tasks in individual subjects was investigated in two experiments. The results showed that having the correct hypotheses as measured before learning the tasks was neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition for learning the task. It was concluded that the hypothesis measurements are not reliable enough to allow predictions on an individual level. The results also showed that subjects have not only the four basic functions: positive linear, negative linear, U-shaped and inversely U-shaped, in their hypothesis hierarchies but also J-shaped functions. That the subjects can leam such functions is thus no discodinnation of the hypotheses sampling conception of learning as assumed in earlier studies.
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- Hansson, Per, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetsmiljön i samfunden ifrågasatt
- 2014
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Ingår i: Svensk kyrkotidning. - 0346-2153. ; 110:10, s. 299-301
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Pousette, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Improved edge design for stress-laminated decks made of spruce
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress-laminated bridge decks in Sweden are usually made of glulam beams of spruce and it is therefore crucial to avoid moisture as the wood has no impregnation that can protect it from decay. Typically the protection of the deck consists of a waterproof bitumen sheet under the asphalt layers on the top surface and of claddings along the edges. The aim of this work was to study the risk of damages and how to ensure the function of the deck plates. The adhesion of bitumen sheets and the effect of different primers was studied. The design at the edges was studied and an improved solution with a steel angle along the deck edge was developed and tested. The improved design should be robust and easy to install to always assure a correct performance. The new design has been developed within the European research project DuraTB - Durable Timber Bridges and is now included in general recommendations for timber bridges in Sweden.
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- Warg, Lars-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Christian Denominations in Central Sweden: sick leave, work enviornment and ill-health
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Results in research and statistics in Sweden strongly suggest that the work environment in christian churches could be improved. Fuzzy leadership, in-built structural conflicts and inadequate internal communication are apparent. This study takes its departure from this and examines the work environment in four different christian denominations in central Sweden. The specific aim is to study the reasons behind long term sick leave in order to provide preventive measures to avoid ill-health. The study will be conducted in three phases. In Phase I, data from Statistics Sweden will be compared to information from self-administered questionnares. In Phase II, a questionnaire on psychosocial work environment and health will be distributed to all those employed in the four denominations. In Phase III, interviews with church staff, politicians, trade unions and health workers will be conducted. By integrating all the data, ways to improve the work environment for those employed will be presented.
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