| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Ardelius, John, et al.
(författare)
-
On the effects of caching in access aggregation networks
- 2012
-
Ingår i: ICN 2012, Helsinki, Finland. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450314794
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- All forecasts of Internet trac point at a substantial growth over the next few years. From a network operator perspective, efficient in-network caching of data is and will be a key component in trying to cope with and profit from this increasing demand. One problem, however, is to evaluate the performance of different caching policies as the number of available data items as well as the distribution networks grows very large.In this work, we develop an analytical model of an aggregation access network receiving a continuous flow of requests from external clients. We provide exact analytical solutions for cache hit rates, data availability and more. This enables us to provide guidelines and rules of thumb for operators and Information-Centric Network designers.Finally, we apply our analytical results to a real VoD trace from a network operator and show that substantial bandwidth savings can be expected when using in-network caching in a realistic setting.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ardelius, John, et al.
(författare)
-
On the effects of caching in access aggregation networks
- 2012. - 6
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- All forecasts of Internet traffic point at a substantial growth over the next few years. From a network operator perspective, efficient in-network caching of data is and will be a key component in trying to cope with and profit from this increasing demand. One problem, however, is to evaluate the performance of different caching policies as the number of available data items as well as the distribution networks grows very large. In this work, we develop an analytical model of an aggregation access network receiving a continuous flow of requests from external clients. We provide exact analytical solutions for cache hit rates, data availability and more. This enables us to provide guidelines and rules of thumb for operators and Information-Centric Network designers. Finally, we apply our analytical results to a real VoD trace from a network operator and show that substantial bandwidth savings can be expected when using in-network caching in a realistic setting.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bergman, Olle, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Do polymorphisms in transcription factors LMX1A and LMX1B influence the risk for Parkinson's disease?
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-1463 .- 0300-9564. ; 116:3, s. 333-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The key symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are caused by degeneration of dopamine neurons originating in substantia nigra. Whereas, transcription factor LMX1A is crucial for the differentiation of mesencephalic dopamine neurons, LMX1B appears to be important for both the development and the survival of these cells. The aim of this study was to investigate if genetic variation in LMX1A and LMX1B differs between patients with PD (n = 357) and control subjects (n = 1428) by genotyping 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LMX1A and 11 SNPs in LMX1B. Three SNPs in LMX1A and one in LMX1B were associated with PD. After splitting for gender, six SNPs were associated with PD in women and four in men. The significances obtained did not survive correction for multiple testing, and our results should hence be interpreted with caution, but are partly in line with a previous report, and should thus be of sufficient interest to encourage further studies of these genes in PD.
|
|
| 5. |
- Gerson, Anna, 1977-
(författare)
-
Compensation of Losses in Foreign Subsidiaries within the EU : A Comparative Study of the Unilateral Loss-Compensation Mechanisms in Austria and Denmark
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study commences in the problems related to the restricted possibilities for cross-border groups to take losses incurred in foreign subsidiaries into account upon taxation. These difficulties lead to the situation where the overall tax burden of the group, seen as an economic unit, might exceed its economic capacity. Such over taxation is likely to cause the cross-border group cash-flow disadvantages, liquidity problems, reduced expansion possibilities and it might also effect the organisation and location of the group’s business activities. This study has two research aims; firstly to analyse unilateral compensation of losses in foreign subsidiaries de lege lata, and secondly to analyse the consequences of different alternatives, as well as refraining from taking specific measures, upon opening up a unilateral system to cover also foreign losses de lege ferenda. In these respects, the experiences from the Austrian and Danish unilateral loss-compensation systems, under which losses incurred in foreign subsidiaries are acknowledged, serve as valuable sources of information. The findings in the study are evaluated based on the fundamental objectives that ought to be balanced from the perspective of the group as well as the loss-granting state. These objectives are; the recognition of the ability of the cross-border group, seen as an economic unit, to pay taxes; the prevention of double dip of losses, and the prevention of arbitrary as well as permanent income shifting between MS.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gutiérrez, Lia P, et al.
(författare)
-
Registries as a tool in evidence-based medicine : example of KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database)
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. - : Wiley. - 1053-8569 .- 1099-1557. ; 17:1, s. 90-102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To evaluate the value of a registry, set in 'real-life practice', as a contribution to evidence-based medicine and to estimate the impact of information collected in such a registry, on the up to date knowledge in growth hormone (GH)-related disorders. Methods Analysis of data collected prospectively for a pharmacoepidemiological registry-KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database)-in assessing long-term clinical and safety outcomes of GH treatment (Genotropin (R)) in patients with GH deficiency. The study was based on 11374 treated (40000 patient-years of observation) and 263 untreated adult GH deficient patients from 30 countries, in whom background characteristics, clinical values such as lipids and body composition, quality of life (QoL) and GH dosage as well as safety profile were evaluated. Citation analysis for the published papers was also performed. Results The study depicts the clinical picture of adult patients with GH deficiency managed in current clinical settings. It confirms the features previously detected such as increased cardiovascular risk, mostly dyslipidemia and abnormal body composition as well as impaired QoL. There was considerable heterogeneity of conditions resulting in GH deficiency. The large database also enabled study of rare causes of the condition. The 31 out of 36 KIMS papers were cited 544 times, in 125 different journals. Conclusions These findings and the further insight into the response to GH replacement therapy show that the registry methodology is valuable for filling the gaps of information in evidence-based medicine that cannot be addressed by clinical trials.
|
|
| 7. |
- Halleröd, Björn, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
How problematic are youth problems in the long run? : A longitudinal study of incomes and economic hardship among Swedish youth
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Perspektiv på välfärden 2004. - Stockholm : Statistiska centralbyrån. - 9161812439 ; , s. 67-84
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The questions addressed in this study are: first, what factors determine the economic situation among the young and, second, what factors in youth have a long-term impact on people's economic situations? The empirical analysis utilizes a three wave panel that covers a period of 16 years. A growth curve model is used in order to estimate changes over time and the following main results are found: Young people’s incomes do not say very much about their current standard of living or future earning ability. If anything, low income is a predictor of substantial future income growth. There are good reasons to be sceptical regarding the importance of analysing young people's income situation and the incidence of income poverty among the young. Being economically deprived during youth is unrelated to the development of deprivation over time. Hence, the finding that young people in general face economic difficulties does not imply that we are observing a problem with lasting implications. Labour market situation and household characteristics during youth are only modestly related to the development later on in life. However, long-term unemployment hampers young people's economy also in the long run. Most importantly, the results of this analysis emphasize the importance of the reproduction of class and gender relations. It is these two fundamental aspects that more than anything else affect young people, on their way into adulthood and in their future life as adults.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
-
Death, mode of death, morbidity, and rehospitalization after coronary artery bypass grafting in relation to occurrence of and time since a previous myocardial infarction.
- 1997
-
Ingår i: The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0171-6425 .- 1439-1902. ; 45:3, s. 109-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To describe the prognosis during 2 years after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in relation to occurrence of and time since a previous acute myocardial infarction (AMI), data of all patients in western Sweden who underwent CABG without simultaneous valve surgery in the period June 1988-June 1991 were evaluated. In all, 2120 patients were included in the analyses. Of these, 1296 (61%) had a history of AMI and 127 (6%) had suffered an AMI within the last month before CABG. Mortality during the first 30 days after CABG was for patients with no previous AMI, previous AMI > 30 days prior to CABG, and previous AMI < or = 30 days prior to CABG 2.4%, 4.1%, and 5.5%, respectively (p < 0.05). The corresponding figures for the period between 30 days and 2 years after CABG were 3.6%, 4.4%, and 3.4% respectively (NS). In a multivariate analysis among patients with a previous AMI, a recent infarction (< or = 30 days prior to CABG) did not turn out as an independent predictor of death during 2 years of follow-up. A history of AMI was associated with increased mortality during the first 30 days but not thereafter, but recent AMI was not an independent predictor of total 2-year mortality.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
