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| 2. |
- Henriksson, Lars
(författare)
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Överprissättning
- 1999
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Ingår i: Rättsvetenskapliga studier tillägnade minnet av Knut Rodhe. - : MercurIUS. - 919735872X
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Mogensen, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Cycling efficiency in humans is related to low UCP3 content and to type I fibres but not to mitochondrial efficiency
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Physiology. - 0022-3751 .- 1469-7793. ; 571:3, s. 669-681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that cycling efficiency in vivo is related to mitochondrial efficiency measured in vitro and to investigate the effect of training status on these parameters. Nine endurance trained and nine untrained male subjects ( , respectively) completed an incremental submaximal efficiency test for determination of cycling efficiency (gross efficiency, work efficiency (WE) and delta efficiency). Muscle biopsies were taken from m. vastus lateralis and analysed for mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial efficiency (MEff; i.e. P/O ratio), UCP3 protein content and fibre type composition (% MHC I). MEff was determined in isolated mitochondria during maximal (state 3) and submaximal (constant rate of ADP infusion) rates of respiration with pyruvate. The rates of mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation per muscle mass were about 40% higher in trained subjects but were not different when expressed per unit citrate synthase (CS) activity (a marker of mitochondrial density). Training status had no influence on WE (trained 28.0 +/- 0.5, untrained 27.7 +/- 0.8%, N.S.). Muscle UCP3 was 52% higher in untrained subjects, when expressed per muscle mass (P < 0.05 versus trained). WE was inversely correlated to UCP3 (r=-0.57, P < 0.05) and positively correlated to percentage MHC I (r= 0.58, P < 0.05). MEff was lower (P < 0.05) at submaximal respiration rates (2.39 +/- 0.01 at 50% ) than at state 3 (2.48 +/- 0.01) but was neither influenced by training status nor correlated to cycling efficiency. In conclusion cycling efficiency was not influenced by training status and not correlated to MEff, but was related to type I fibres and inversely related to UCP3. The inverse correlation between WE and UCP3 indicates that extrinsic factors may influence UCP3 activity and thus MEff in vivo.
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| 4. |
- Nybacka, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Collaboration in winter vehicle testing : real-time simulations boosting innovation opportunities
- 2007
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Ingår i: Trends in computer aided innovation. - Boston, MA : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9780387754550 ; , s. 211-220
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of cars has during recent years become increasingly dependent on complex electronic systems used especially for safety but also comfort, performance and informatics. Automotive winter testing activities in northern Sweden is vital to test and try out those systems. A contradiction to increased performance is that faulty software also causes 30 % of severe malfunctions in the functionality of the car. To deal with these problems, as early in the design process as possible, innovative methods to cope with digital abstraction and the physical world in a unified way seems promising. One useful approach, in automotive winter testing, might be to support the possibilities for real-time vehicle simulations of the car in motion. The closer collaboration in the automotive industry might be an incitement for investing in technologies for knowledge sharing. Besides enhancing the product development process, additional knowledge might support innovations. Today, instead of providing parts similar to their competitors and relying on one or two automakers, successful suppliers focus heavily on innovation and on collaboration with a number of manufacturers on a global market. Due to the possibilities to visualize whole processes, the use of simulations seems to support a' seeing first' approach to innovations. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to describe an as-is scenario and a to-be scenario for automotive winter testing to highlight how the use of real-time simulations facilitates innovative methods
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| 7. |
- Al-Sulttani, Ali Omran, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal effectiveness of solar collector using Graphene nanostructures suspended in ethylene glycol–water mixtures
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-4847. ; 8, s. 1867-1882
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flat plate solar collectors (FPSCs) are the most often used as solar collectors due to their easiness of installation and usage. The current research investigates the energy efficiency of FPSC using different mass concentration with varied base fluids containing Graphene nanofluids (T-Gr). Mass concentration of 0.1%-wt., 0.075%-wt., 0.050%-wt. and 0.025%-wt. were mixed with ethylene glycol (EG) and distilled water (DW) in different rations. The operating conditions were volumetric flowrate (1.5, 1 and 0.5) LPM 50 °C-input fluid temperature and 800 W/m2-global solar irradiation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to synthesize the thermally treated nanomaterial. The theoretical investigation indicated that using T-Gr nanosuspensions increased the FPSC efficiency in comparison with the host fluid for all examined mass concentrations and volumetric flowrates. In quantitative terms, the maximum thermal effectiveness improvement for the EG, (DW:70 + EG:30) and DW:EG (DW:50 + EG:50) and using flowrates of (1.5, 1 and 0.5) LPM were 12.54%, 12.46% and 12.48%. In addition, the research results pointed that the essential parameters (i.e., loss energy (FRUL)) and gain energy (FR (τα)) of the T-Gr nanofluids were increased significantly.
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| 8. |
- Al-Surimi, Khaled, et al.
(författare)
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Person-centered-care climate in a tertiary hospital: Staff perspective
- 2021
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Ingår i: Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. - : Dove Medical Press. - 1179-1594. ; 14, s. 4269-4279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Most health care systems strive to improve the quality, safety and value of healthcare, with an emphasis on moving towards patient-centered care/person-centered care (PCC) approach. The aim of the current study was to assess health care providers’ perspectives on PCC climate in hospital setting and to identify the role of providers in determining the perception of the PCC climate.Methods: A survey, using person-centered climate questionnaire-staff version, was employed in health care providers of a tertiary care hospital. Data included variables age, gender, education level, occupation, and years of experience and three PCC dimensions. PCC overall and subscale scores were reported as mean and standard deviation. Factors associated with PCC climate perception were analyzed using a Poisson model.Results: Out of 1216 respondents; the majority 47% aged between 18 and 34 years; 79% women, 68% were nurses. The overall mean score was 45.96±15.36 (range 0–70). Subscale scores were Safety 20.15±5.0 (range 0–30), Everydayness 12.02±3.52 (range 0–20) and Community 13.79±3.34 (range 0–20). Increasing age was a significant factor associated with PCC scores for the overall, safety, everydayness, and community scales, with a positive association. Lower scores were reported more by women compared with men, for overall (p=0.0005), and everydayness (p=0.006) scales. Higher safety scores were reported by health care providers with a diploma compared to master’s degree (p=0.009), Ph.D. (p=0.007), for technicians compared with nurses (p=0.007), and for day shift compared with day/night shift workers (p=0.025). PCC scores were not significantly different across health care providers’ years of experience.Conclusion: There is a room for PCC climate improvement based on the low scores compared to the literature. The study findings indicated that the main factors associated with HCPs’ perception of PCC were higher age and female gender, and these factors would benefit from further research.
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| 9. |
- Al-Taai, Nameer, et al.
(författare)
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A Superimposition-Based Cephalometric Method to Quantitate Craniofacial Changes
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601 .- 1661-7827. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To assess the craniofacial changes related to growth and/or to orthodontic and orthognathic treatments, it is necessary to superimpose serial radiographs on stable structures. However, conventional superimposition provides only a graphical illustration of these changes. To increase the precision of growth and treatment evaluations, it is desirable to quantitate these craniofacial changes. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate a superimposition-based cephalometric method to process numerical data for craniofacial growth changes and (2) identify a valid, reliable, and feasible method for superimposition. Forty pairs of cephalograms were analyzed at T1 and T2 (mean age 9.9 and 15.0 years, respectively). The superimposition-based cephalometric method involved relating the sagittal and vertical measurements on the T2 radiographs to the nasion and sella landmarks on the T1 radiographs. Validity and reliability were evaluated for three superimposition methods: the sella-nasion (SN); the tuberculum sella-wing (TW); and Bjork's structural. Superimposition-based cephalometrics can be used to quantify craniofacial changes digitally. The numerical data from the superimposition-based cephalometrics reflected a graphical illustration of superimposition and differed significantly from the data acquired through conventional cephalometrics. Superimposition using the TW method is recommended as it is valid, reliable, and feasible.
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| 10. |
- Al-Taai, Nameer, et al.
(författare)
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Craniofacial changes from 13 to 62 years of age
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 44:5, s. 556-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background In long-term studies of orthodontic, orthognathic, and prosthodontic treatments, control subjects are needed for comparison. Objectives To study the craniofacial (skeletal, soft tissue, and dental) changes that occur in untreated subjects with normal occlusion between 13 and 62 years of age. Materials/Methods Thirty subjects with a Class I normal occlusion and harmonious facial profile were studied. X-ray examinations were performed at 13 (T1), 16 (T2), 31 (T3), and 62 (T4) years of age, and data were obtained from cephalograms. In total, 53 angular and linear parameters were measured using superimposition-based and conventional cephalometric methods to describe the craniofacial changes. Results The jaws showed significant anterior growth from T1 to T2, and significant retrognathism from T3 to T4. The anterior face height and jaw dimensions increased significantly until T3. Significant posterior rotation of the mandible and opening of the vertical jaw relation, in addition to significant retroclination of the incisors and straightening of the facial profile, were found from T3 to T4. Limitations Given the small sample size at T4, it was not possible to analyse the gender dimension. Conclusions/Implications Craniofacial changes continue up to the sixth decade of life. These changes are consistent, albeit to a lesser extent, with the adolescent growth patterns for most of the studied parameters, with the exceptions of incisor inclination, sagittal jaw position, vertical jaw relation and inclination, and posterior face height.
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