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Sökning: WFRF:(Westermark U)

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  • Ma, Zhi, et al. (författare)
  • Altered immunoreactivity of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) may reflect major modifications of the IAPP molecule in amyloidogenesis
  • 1997
  • Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 40:7, s. 793-801
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have developed a mouse monoclonal antibody against rat/mouse islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). The antibody recognises an epitope in the N-terminal part of the molecule, which is conserved between different species. The antibody immunohistochemically labelled beta cells in normal islets of most different mammalian species including man and in one avian species. Previous immunohistochemical studies of human pancreatic tissue from individuals with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) have revealed a paradoxical and unexplained lack of IAPP immunoreactivity in beta cells close to amyloid in spite of the presence of IAPP mRNA. In contrast to these findings we show that the newly developed monoclonal IAPP antibody strongly labels such beta cells while islet amyloid deposits which are labelled by polyclonal antisera do not bind the monoclonal antibody. These findings with the polyclonal antisera and the monoclonal antibody indicate that IAPP undergoes one or several structural changes during the amyloidogenesis. Knowledge of these structural changes that may include abnormal folding or chemical modification of IAPP is probably important for the understanding of the amyloidogenesis and the pathogenesis of the islet lesion in NIDDM.
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  • Milardi, Danilo, et al. (författare)
  • Proteostasis of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide : A Molecular Perspective of Risk Factors and Protective Strategies for Type II Diabetes
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Chemical Reviews. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0009-2665 .- 1520-6890. ; 121:3, s. 1845-1893
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The possible link between hIAPP accumulation and β-cell death in diabetic patients has inspired numerous studies focusing on amyloid structures and aggregation pathways of this hormone. Recent studies have reported on the importance of early oligomeric intermediates, the many roles of their interactions with lipid membrane, pH, insulin, and zinc on the mechanism of aggregation of hIAPP. The challenges posed by the transient nature of amyloid oligomers, their structural heterogeneity, and the complex nature of their interaction with lipid membranes have resulted in the development of a wide range of biophysical and chemical approaches to characterize the aggregation process. While the cellular processes and factors activating hIAPP-mediated cytotoxicity are still not clear, it has recently been suggested that its impaired turnover and cellular processing by proteasome and autophagy may contribute significantly toward toxic hIAPP accumulation and, eventually, β-cell death. Therefore, studies focusing on the restoration of hIAPP proteostasis may represent a promising arena for the design of effective therapies. In this review we discuss the current knowledge of the structures and pathology associated with hIAPP self-assembly and point out the opportunities for therapy that a detailed biochemical, biophysical, and cellular understanding of its aggregation may unveil.
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