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| 2. |
- Langholz, Janna Brit, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Electromyographic analysis of the swim start: Bilateral comparison of the front-weighted and rear-weighted track start from the OMEGA OSB11 starting block
- 2015
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Ingår i: 3d Interational Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology Support, icSports 2015, Lisbon, Portugal.. - : SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications. - 9789897581595 ; , s. 310-320
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous swim start studies involving electromyography (EMG) consistently comprised unilateral measurements and the attachment of the swimmer via cables to a computer. Therefore the present work aims for an overall picture of the muscle activation pattern during the swim start by conducting bilateral measurements with minimal restriction of motion. On that account a multichannel surface EMG device with a wireless Bluetooth connection and videography is utilized in order to assess the nowadays most common start dive techniques of competitive swimming events - differently weighted track starts from the OMEGA OSB11 starting block. The data analysis identified that the normalized muscle activation levels were higher during the front-weighted than during the rear-weighted start - probably caused by shorter block times and less contribution of the arms. Furthermore the onset of the muscle activation seems to be different in between start dive techniques, as for instance the muscles of the rear leg commence contracting earlier while the muscles of the front leg start later in the rear-weighted compared to front-weighted starts. It is highly likely that this originates in the position of the center of mass relative to the muscles. A general overview over the coordination of the different muscles could also be obtained: It became obvious that some muscles are the main drivers of the swim start (vastus lateralis, soleus) whereas others rather exerted supportive actions (gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, erector spinae longissimus).
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| 3. |
- Langholz, Janna Brit, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Musculoskeletal modelling in sports - evaluation of different software tools with focus on swimming
- 2016
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Ingår i: Procedia Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7058 .- 1877-7058. ; 147, s. 281-287
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous swim start measurements at Chalmers University of Technology involved electromyography (EMG) in order to get an overall picture of the muscle activation pattern during the swim start. In order to fully evaluate sports performance trainers may facilitate additional tools, like videography and force plates, to be able to underpin the feedback given to the athletes. However, the output of the different tools are often complicated and lengthy to handle. Therefore it would be valuable to find an easily applicable tool to visualize biomechanical data. Feedback to athletes based on scientifically measured variables would then ideally be more efficient and effective. This paper evaluates three different software tools regarding musculoskeletal modelling and simulation with quick, meaningful and unambiguous data processing and presentation: OpenSim, BoB and AnyBody. The software package SWUM was also analyzed as it is currently the only tool that can model forces and buoyancy during swimming. It has been found that OpenSim is a beneficial tool for academic projects as it is freely available and provides a big pool of users and papers available to support the user with additional knowledge. BoB is the most straight-forward tool being appropriate for biomechanical teaching and applications where a fast analysis is required. AnyBody has the most sophisticated model which can be adjusted to the users demands in great detail and is favorable for investigations with focus on the interaction between the body and the environment or a detailed medical analysis. Great potential lies in the further development and usage of SWUM as its basic interface with valuable outputs and simulations as well as the possibility of connecting to AnyBody might allow for advancements in swim training.
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| 5. |
- Aggarwal, Ruchi, et al.
(författare)
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Cellulose-Derived Carbon Dots for Inner Filter Effect-Based Selective Sensing of Ofloxacin Antibiotics
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Nano Materials. - 2574-0970. ; 6:8, s. 6518-6527
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A two-step viable synthetic approach for quick and energy-efficient acid-based charring is described here to fabricate self-passivated fluorescent water-soluble CD (wsCD) from sustainable microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) materials. The aqueous solution of wsCD exhibits blue emission under UV-light illumination and shows a fluorescence quantum yield of ∼6%. The wsCD are used here for the selective sensing of ofloxacin (OFLX) from among the four tested antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone class, namely, ciprofloxacin (CPLX), ofloxacin (OFLX), levofloxacin (LVLX), and moxifloxacin (MXLX) based on the simpler fluorescence quenching experiment with a detection limit of ∼0.025 ppm. The plausible mechanism for the selective sensing of OFLX has been proposed based on a detailed analysis of absorbance and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy which indicates the involvement of the inner-filter effect (IFE). Antimicrobial studies of wsCD were conducted on two bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum), where wsCD did not show any toxic effects up to the concentration of 1 mg/mL, hence supporting their biocompatible behavior. Further, an antibiosis study involving the combination of the antibiotic and antifungal agents with wsCD against the growth of the same bacterial and fungal strains was conducted, where wsCD showed mild antifungal activity.
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| 6. |
- Aggarwal, Ruchi, et al.
(författare)
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Cellulose Nanocrystals Derived from Microcrystalline Cellulose for Selective Removal of Janus Green Azo Dye
- 2023
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Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5045 .- 0888-5885. ; 62:1, s. 649-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a bio-based adsorbent material have been synthesized at mild temperature reaction conditions using acid hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by sulfuric acid. CNCs by a simple acid treatment become enriched with negatively charged surface functionalities and shows good adsorption capacity. The CNCs have been characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform Infrared, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis for their chemical composition, functionality, crystallinity, and stability, respectively. Sulfated CNCs have been used to selectively remove the toxic Janus Green (JG) dye tested out of many other dyes via adsorption and showed a Langmuir adsorption capacity of 77 mg g. -1 The effects of pH, temperature, concentration, and loading capacity have also been explored. The adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo-second-order pathway and thermodynamic analysis of the system indicates that the process is exothermic and spontaneous. Moreover, for the practical applicability of the proposed method, the adsorption of JG was also analyzed in four spiked industrial samples collected from nearby textile industries, where they removed more than 80% of the dye from the complex industrial water system.
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| 7. |
- Aggarwal, Ruchi, et al.
(författare)
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From Bulk Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS 2 ) to Suspensions of Exfoliated MoS 2 in an Aqueous Medium and Their Applications
- 2023
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - 1520-5827 .- 0743-7463. ; 40:19, s. 9855-9872
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials like graphene, transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), boron nitrides, etc., exhibit unique and fascinating properties, such as high surface-to-volume ratio, inherent mechanical flexibility and robustness, tunable bandgap, and high carrier mobility, which makes them an apt candidate for flexible electronics with low consumption of power. Because of these properties, they are in tremendous demand for advancement in energy, environmental, and biomedical sectors developed through various technologies. The production and scalability of these materials must be sustainable and ecofriendly to utilize these unique properties in the real world. Here, in this current review, we review molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 nanosheets) in detail, focusing on exfoliated MoS2 in water and the applicability of aqueous MoS2 suspensions in various fields. The exfoliation of MoS2 results in the formation of single or few-layered MoS2. Therefore, this Review focuses on the few layers of exfoliated MoS2 that have the additional properties of 2D layered materials and higher excellent compatibility for integration than existing conventional Si tools. Hence, a few layers of exfoliated MoS2 are widely explored in biosensing, gas sensing, catalysis, photodetectors, energy storage devices, a light-emitting diode (LED), adsorption, etc. This review covers the numerous methodologies to exfoliate MoS2, focusing on the various published methodologies to obtain nanosheets of MoS2 from water solutions and their use.
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| 8. |
- Aggarwal, Ruchi, et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanoflakes by Acidic Charring of Microcrystalline Cellulose and Urea for the Rapid Removal of Imidacloprid from Water
- 2024
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Nano Materials. - 2574-0970. ; 7:1, s. 1-10
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein, cellulose as a natural biomass along with urea was acid-charred to synthesize nitrogen-doped carbon nanoflakes (N-CNF). The as-prepared N-CNF was used to rapidly remove the effluent of agricultural waste containing an Imidacloprid (IMD) insecticide. The adsorption data fit well to nonlinearly in the Sips adsorption model, which is a mixed Langmuir-Freundlich model with an adsorption capacity of ∼104.9 mg g-1. The adsorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics linearly and nonlinearly, and thermodynamic parameters reveal that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The effect of pH and the interference of ions was also checked. Further, spiking of IMD in different soil, lake, and tap wastewater samples was also done to enhance the practical applicability of removing IMD by N-CNF. The antibacterial properties of N-CNF were checked on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilus, respectively, where they showed nontoxic behavior up to the concentration of 2 mg mL-1
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| 9. |
- Aggarwal, Ruchi, et al.
(författare)
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Sunlight promoted removal of toxic hexavalent chromium by cellulose derived photoactive carbon dots
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A scalable synthetic procedure for fabricating photoactive carbon dots (CD) from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is presented. The MCC was transformed into a photoactive nanosized CD by a one-step acid-assisted thermal-carbonization (~90 °C for 30 min). The efficiency of the obtained CD was determined by photo-removal of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from wastewater. CD obtained from cellulose completely removed 20 ppm of Cr(VI) wastewater within ∼120 min under sunlight illumination. No Cr(VI) removal was observed in dark conditions and with control cellulose material as reference samples. The Cr(VI) removal follows pseudo-first-order kinetics along with a half-life of ∼26 min. Furthermore, the Cr(VI) removal from wastewater was supported via cyclic voltammetry analysis. Using a low-cost, naturally available cellulose material and sulfuric acid, the world's most-used chemical, creates techno-economic prerequisites for a scalable process of photoactive carbon dots.
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