| 1. |
- Berglund, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Myringoplasty Outcomes From the Swedish National Quality Registry
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Laryngoscope. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0023-852X .- 1531-4995. ; 127:10, s. 2389-2395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Data from patients registered for myringoplasty during 2002 to 2012 in the Swedish National Quality Registry for Myringoplasty.STUDY DESIGN: Both conventional myringoplasty and fat-graft techniques were used aimed at healing the tympanic membrane in noninfected ears.METHODS: Analysis was performed on data in a national database collected from 32 ear, nose, and throat clinics. Surgical procedures and outcomes, and patient satisfaction from a questionnaire were studied.RESULTS: The database was comprised of 3,775 surgical procedures, with follow-up available for analysis. One-third were children under the age of 15 years. The most common indication for surgery was infection prophylaxis. The overall healing rate of the tympanic membrane after surgery was 88.5%, with a high mean patient satisfaction. Complications registered were postoperative infection, tinnitus, or taste disturbance that occurred in 5.8% of patients.CONCLUSIONS: Swedish results for a large number of patients who completed myringoplasty are presented. The success rate in this study is comparable to other studies, and good patient-reported outcome measures of myringoplasty are presented. Databases for surgical procedures and clinical audits are systematic processes for continuous learning in healthcare. This study shows that clinical databases can be utilized to analyze national results of surgical procedures.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b Laryngoscope, 127:2389-2395, 2017.
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Malin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Tinnitus and taste disturbances reported after myringoplasty: Data from a national quality registry
- 2019
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Ingår i: Laryngoscope. - : Wiley. - 0023-852X .- 1531-4995. ; 129:1, s. 209-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc. Objectives/Hypothesis: Postoperative tinnitus and taste disturbances after myringoplasty are more common than previously reported. Study Design: This study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the Swedish National Quality Registry for Myringoplasty. Methods: The analysis was performed on extracted data from all counties in Sweden collected from database A from 2002 to 2012 and database B from 2013 to 2016. Tinnitus and taste disturbance complications 1 year after myringoplasty were analyzed in relation to gender, age, procedure, and success rate. In database A, physicians reported tinnitus and taste disturbances. In database B, patients reported the complications. Results: A major difference was found when the complications were reported by physicians compared to when the complications were reported by patients. In database A, tinnitus was reported in 1.2% of the patients and taste disturbances in 0.5%. In database B, the frequencies were 12.3% and 11.2%, respectively. Tinnitus and taste disturbances were more frequent after conventional myringoplasty compared to those after fat grafting and were more frequent after primary compared to those after revision surgery when reported by physicians. Patients, however, reported the same frequency of tinnitus after fat graft myringoplasty compared to that after conventional myringoplasty (12.0% vs. 12.6%) and fewer taste disturbances after revision surgery. In follow-up assessments, complications persisted after surgery over a long time period. Conclusion: Tinnitus and taste disturbances are more common after myringoplasty when patients report their symptoms than when physicians report the symptoms. Level of Evidence: 2b. Laryngoscope, 2018.
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| 3. |
- Goel, Suchi, et al.
(författare)
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RIFINs are adhesins implicated in severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 21:4, s. 314-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rosetting is a virulent Plasmodium falciparum phenomenon associated with severe malaria. Here we demonstrate that P. falciparum-encoded repetitive interspersed families of polypeptides (RIFINs) are expressed on the surface of infected red blood cells (iRBCs), bind to RBCs-preferentially of blood group A-to form large rosettes and mediate microvascular binding of iRBCs. We suggest that RIFINs have a fundamental role in the development of severe malaria and thereby contribute to the varying global distribution of ABO blood groups in the human population.
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| 4. |
- Gurov, Dilian, et al.
(författare)
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Deductive Functional Verification of Safety-Critical Embedded C-Code: An Experience Report
- 2017
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Ingår i: Critical Systems: Formal Methods and Automated Verification. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319671130 - 9783319671123 ; , s. 3-18
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarizes our experiences from an exercise in deductive verification of functional properties of automotive embedded Ccode in an industrial setting. We propose a formal requirements model that supports the way C-code requirements are currently written at Scania. We describe our work, for a safety-critical module of an embedded system, on formalizing its functional requirements and verifying its C-code implementation by means of VCC, an established tool for deductive verification. We describe the obstacles we encountered, and discuss the automation of the specification and annotation effort as a prerequisite for integrating this technology into the embedded software design process.
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| 5. |
- Lidström, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Pattern for ISO 26262 ASIL Decomposition with Dependent Requirements
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Companion of the 19th IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security, QRS-C 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728139258 ; , s. 28-35
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specification of requirements on the functional behaviour of system components is a central concern for the overall safety of software systems. Therefore, the methodology used for analysing failure modes resulting from requirement violations is of utmost importance to safety within the automotive industry. ISO 26262 is a standard for functional safety within the automotive industry, in which the concept of Automotive Safety Integrity Levels (ASILs) is defined. ASILs are assigned to requirements, and represents the risk associated with violating said requirements. As redundancy is introduced into systems, requirements are broken down and may have their ASILs lowered through ASIL decomposition. This paper examines ASIL decomposition as defined in ISO 26262, and identifies reasons for why the suggested pattern is insufficient for common use cases within the automotive industry. The paper also proposes an improved pattern, which is applied to an industrial case and analysed for its implications on system safety.
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| 6. |
- Lorant, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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The risk factors associated with post-transplantation BKPyV nephropathy and BKPyV DNAemia : a prospective study in kidney transplant recipients
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2334. ; 24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection after kidney transplantation can lead to serious complications such as BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) and graft loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of BKPyVAN after implementing a BKPyV screening program, to map the distribution of BKPyV genotypes and subtypes in the Uppsala-orebro region and to identify host and viral risk factors for clinically significant events.Methods This single-center prospective cohort study included kidney transplant patients aged >= 18 years at the Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden between 2016 and 2018. BKPyV DNA was analyzed in plasma and urine every 3 months until 18 months after transplantation. Also genotype and subtype were determined. A logistic regression model was used to analyze selected risk factors including recipient sex and age, AB0 incompatibility and rejection treatment prior to BKPyVAN or high-level BKPyV DNAemia.Results: In total, 205 patients were included. Of these, 151 (73.7%) followed the screening protocol with 6 plasma samples, while184 (89.8%) were sampled at least 5 times. Ten (4.9%) patients developed biopsy confirmed BKPyVAN and 33 (16.1%) patients met criteria for high-level BKPyV DNAemia. Male sex (OR 2.85, p = 0.025) and age (OR 1.03 per year, p = 0.020) were identified as significant risk factors for developing BKPyVAN or high-level BKPyV DNAemia. BKPyVAN was associated with increased viral load at 3 months post transplantation (82,000 vs. < 400 copies/mL; p = 0.0029) and with transient, high-level DNAemia (n = 7 (27%); p < 0.0001). The most common genotypes were subtype Ib2 (n = 50 (65.8%)) and IVc2 (n = 20 (26.3%)).Conclusions: Male sex and increasing age are related to an increased risk of BKPyVAN or high-level BKPyV DNAemia. BKPyVAN is associated with transient, high-level DNAemia but no differences related to viral genotype were detected.
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| 7. |
- Nešić, Damir, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Building a web-based federated toolchain : Lessons learned from a four-year industrial project
- 2019
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Ingår i: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 9781450371797
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Big companies use many tools, jointly referred to as the toolchain, to manage vast amounts of engineering data being generated across an application lifecycle. Individual tools are typically designed to perform specific engineering tasks, and rely on specific data formats. This leads to problems when attempting to automate engineering tasks that are not supported by a particular tool, and which require data from multiple tools. This paper presents the experiences and lessons learned from an industrial research-project within the heavy vehicle manufacturer Scania, where the project goal was to identify and industrialize technologies and principles that solve the above problem. The presented lessons cover architectural, technological, and organizational aspects of a toolchain development-process. In addition, as a consequence of the lessons learned, the toolchain architecture and tool-interface architecture is also presented.
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| 8. |
- Nyberg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Failure Propagation Modeling based on Contracts Theory
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 Eleventh European Dependable Computing Conference (EDCC). - 9781467392891 ; , s. 108-119
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous approaches to fault and failure modeling are based on adding explicit models of faults/failures, and failure propagation to behavioral and architectural modes. This adds a lot of overhead (extra work), and also, is a cause of creating inconsistencies, especially by obtaining a mismatch between failures and violation of requirements or specifications. Instead of creating separate models for failures, the idea here is to exploit the fundamental definition of failures as violation of requirement or specification. We assume that the systems functionality is specified using a set of requirements, and in particular, requirements structured according to contracts theory. Instead of creating separate models for failure propagation, we exploit the structuring of requirements obtained when the system is specified using contracts theory. The use of contracts theory establishes a formal framework for how traceability links between requirements themselves and to the architecture are specified. It is further explained how fault and failure propagation models in the form of Bayesian Networks are obtained. One particular challenge is the modeling of faults/failure and their propagation when fault management mechanisms have been implemented. Therefore this area is covered in some extra depth.
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| 9. |
- Nyberg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Formal verification in automotive industry : Enablers and obstacles
- 2018
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Ingår i: 8th International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation, ISoLA 2018. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030034269 ; , s. 139-158
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe and summarize our experiences from six industrial case studies in applying formal verification techniques to embedded, safety-critical code. The studies were conducted at Scania over the period of eight years. Despite certain successes, we have so far failed to introduce formal techniques on a larger scale. Based on our experiences, we identify and discuss some key obstacles to, and enabling factors for the successful incorporation of formal verification techniques into the software development and quality assurance process.
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| 10. |
- Nyberg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Formally Proving Compositionality in Industrial Systems with Informal Specifications
- 2020
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Ingår i: ISoLA 2020: Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation: Applications. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. ; , s. 348-365
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based upon first-order logic, the paper presents a methodology and a deductive system for proving compositionality. Typical specifications found in industry are not expressed in any formal notation; rather most often in natural language. Therefore, the methodology does not assume specifications to be formal logical sentences. Instead, the methodology takes as input, properties of specifications and in particular, refinement relations. To cover general industrial heterogeneous systems, the semantics chosen is behavior based, originating in previous work on contract-based design for cyber-physical systems. In contrast to the previous work, implementation of specifications is non-monotonic with respect to composition. That is, even though a specification is implemented by one component, a composition with a second component may not implement the same specification. This kind of non-monotonicity is fundamentally important to support architectural specifications and so-called freedom-of-interference used in design of safety critical systems.
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