| 1. |
- Mynttinen, Sami, et al.
(författare)
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Are novice drivers overconfident? : A comparison of self-assessed and examiner-assessed driver competences in a Finnish and a Swedish sample.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part F. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1369-8478 .- 1873-5517. ; 12:1, s. 120-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of subjective driving skill have usually assessed perceived driving skill in relation to the skills of the average driver. In order to examine whether novice drivers are overconfident with respect to their actual skills, a different method was used in the present study, where specific aspects of perceived driver competence were compared with assessments made by a driver examiner. A Finnish (n = 2847) and a Swedish (n = 805) sample of driving test candidates completed self-assessments and took a practical driving test; the instruments differed between the countries. The results indicated that about 50 percent of the Finnish and between 25 and 35 percent of the Swedish candidates made realistic assessments of their competence in the areas Vehicle manoeuvring, Economical driving and Traffic safety. The proportion of those who overestimated their competence was greater among the Swedish candidates than the Finnish candidates. This might be explained by greater possibilities of practicing self-assessment in the Finnish driver education. Furthermore, the results indicate that males are not overconfident to a greater extent than females. In conclusion, when perceived competence is related to actual competence instead of the skills of the average driver, the majority of drivers are no longer found to overestimate their skills.
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| 2. |
- Stanley, Anitha, et al.
(författare)
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Caregivers' perception of their problems and needs in palliative care settings : a literature review
- 2008
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Ingår i: Indian Journal of Continuing Nursing Education. - Vellore, India. - 2230-7354. ; 9:2, s. 19-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Joint disease necessitates surgical interventions to relieve pain, improve stability and improve the function. Hip replacement is one of the most reliable operations in orthopaedic surgery and consistently decreases or eliminates the pain and stiffness, thereby improving quality of life. It is therefore essential for nurses to expand their understanding and ability to provide quality health care for these patients undergoing surgery. This article will sensitize the nurses to be basically prepared, update their knowledge and develop competence in providing quality care based on nursing care protocol.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Widar, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Caring and uncaring experiences as narrated by persons with long-term pain after a stroke
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Blackwell. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 21:1, s. 41-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe how persons with long-term pain after a stroke experience their care. The study is part of a larger research project concerning a group persons suffering from long-term pain after a stroke. Qualitative interviews were performed with 43 persons suffering from central poststroke pain, nociceptive pain or tension-type headache after their stroke incident. Content congruence emerged among the narratives (n = 43), and therefore the most information-rich ones (n = 23) were selected for deeper investigation by means of qualitative content analysis. The results reveal the patients’ need for being respected, understood and supported, also for being given adequate time and information. Accessibility and continuity in the professional contacts and with regard to medical and physical treatment was emphasized. The participants’ narratives highlight the importance of the professionals having knowledge of pain and pain management.
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| 6. |
- Widar, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic pain after a stroke.
- 2001
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Ingår i: 8th World Federation of Neuroscience Nurses Congress.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Widar, Marita, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with long-term pain after a stroke.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0885-3924 .- 1873-6513. ; 27:3, s. 215-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this qualitative study was to describe pain, coping strategies, and experienced outcome of coping with long-term pain conditions after a stroke. Forty-three participants were interviewed: 15 with central post-stroke pain (CPSP), 18 with nociceptive pain, and 10 with tension-type headache. Analysis of the data was by content analysis. Pain-related problems described were incomprehensibility regarding the pain, disturbed sleep, fatigue, diminished capacity, mood changes, and stress in relationships. Different coping strategies were used; the most common were making the pain comprehensible, planning of activities, taking medications, communicating, and distractions. Changing body position, making comparison, and enduring the pain were common in central or nociceptive pain, rest and relaxation in tension-type headache. Communicating their pain gave a feeling of perplexity and resignation. Satisfaction was reported in the cases of consideration shown by others. Pain after a stroke requires specialized knowledge in order to understand the patient's experiences and to enhance coping.
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| 8. |
- Widar, Marita, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Disability after a stroke and the influence of long-term pain on everyday life
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 16:3, s. 302-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pain after a stroke is a symptom often forgotten, unnoticed although it is reported to be a great problem in care. The aim of this study was to describe disability after a stroke and how long-term pain influences everyday life according to the Multidimensional Pain Inventory - Swedish language version (MPI-S) and to test the reliability of this instrument. Forty-three persons were investigated 2 years after the stroke incident: 15 with central post-stroke pain (CPSP), 18 with nociceptive pain mainly in the shoulder and 10 with tension-type headache. Data collection was performed through the MPI-S and a questionnaire regarding assistive devices, also structured interviews based on the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) staircase and the Self-report impairment questionnaire. The results show that the persons suffered moderate to severe pain. Almost half were dependent in ADL. The most often reported impairments and use of assistive devices concerned mobility and/or motion. This was most frequent in persons with nociceptive pain. There were significant differences in persons with central pain and nociceptive pain compared with tension-type headache with regard to mobility- and/or motion-related activities. No statistical differences emerged between age, gender, different types of pain and the MPI-S scales, nor any significant differences in degree of pain as between different types of pain according to the Self-report impairment questionnaire. The reliability analysis of the MPI-S shows good homogeneity in all scales except Interference, Life Control and Affective Distress. This is the first study with MPI-S on mainly older persons and on stroke patients, thus further research is needed on this instrument as well as on which specific activities evoke the pain. This is in order to offer adequate treatment, care and support to persons with pain after a stroke.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Widar, Marita, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences and consequences of pain in persons with post-polio syndrome.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 28:3, s. 606-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes the meaning of pain and its implications for everyday life in 35 persons with symptoms of post-polio syndrome. The mean age of the study group is 65 years and the sex ratio of men to women is 1.5:1. The study persons were interviewed on two occasions in their homes and answered a pain questionnaire. The result shows that everyday vocabulary is used to express pain experiences. The study persons normally answered that it hurt, although the interviewers used pain in their questions. The results show that the lower back is the most common location of pain. Joint pains are most common in the upper extremities. The pain is worst in the evening and at night, and tangibly affects the daily rhythm. Physical strain and climatic factors commonly provoke pain, whereas rest and heat give relief. The study show that interviews and pain questionnaire should be supplemented with questions on activities so as to gain a comprehensive view of the difficulties experienced in everyday life.
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