| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Acevedo, Nathalie, et al.
(författare)
-
Epigenetic alterations in skin homing CD4(+)CLA(+) T cells of atopic dermatitis patients
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- T cells expressing the cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) mediate pathogenic inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD). The molecular alterations contributing to their dysregulation remain unclear. With the aim to elucidate putative altered pathways in AD we profiled DNA methylation levels and miRNA expression in sorted T cell populations -(CD4(+), -CD4(+)CD45RA(+) naive, -CD4(+)CLA(+), and -CD8(+)) from adult AD patients and healthy controls (HC). Skin homing -CD4(+)CLA(+) T cells from AD patients showed significant differences in DNA methylation in 40 genes compared to HC (p < 0.05). Reduced DNA methylation levels in the upstream region of the interleukin-13 gene (IL13) in -CD4(+)CLA(+) T cells from AD patients correlated with increased IL13 mRNA expression in these cells. Sixteen miRNAs showed differential expression in -CD4(+)CLA(+) T cells from AD patients targeting genes in 202 biological processes (p < 0.05). An integrated network analysis of miRNAs and CpG sites identified two communities of strongly interconnected regulatory elements with strong antagonistic behaviours that recapitulated the differences between AD patients and HC. Functional analysis of the genes linked to these communities revealed their association with key cytokine signaling pathways, MAP kinase signaling and protein ubiquitination. Our findings support that epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of AD by affecting inflammatory signaling molecules in skin homing -CD4(+)CLA(+) T cells and uncover putative molecules participating in AD pathways.
|
|
| 3. |
- Albrecht, Inka, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of autoantibodies against muscle-specific FHL1 in severe inflammatory myopathies
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 125:12, s. 4612-4624
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations of the gene encoding four-and-a-half LIM domain 1 (FHL1) are the causative factor of several X-linked hereditary myopathies that are collectively termed FHL1-related myopathies. These disorders are characterized by severe muscle dysfunction and damage. Here, we have shown that patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) develop autoimmunity to FHL1, which is a muscle-specific protein. Anti-FHL1 autoantibodies were detected in 25% of IIM patients, while patients with other autoimmune diseases or muscular dystrophies were largely anti-FHL1 negative. Anti-FHL1 reactivity was predictive for muscle atrophy, dysphagia, pronounced muscle fiber damage, and vasculitis. FHL1 showed an altered expression pattern, with focal accumulation in the muscle fibers of autoantibody-positive patients compared with a homogeneous expression in anti-FHL1-negative patients and healthy controls. We determined that FHL1 is a target of the cytotoxic protease granzyme B, indicating that the generation of FHL1 fragments may initiate FHL1 autoimmunity. Moreover, immunization of myositis-prone mice with FHL1 aggravated muscle weakness and increased mortality, suggesting a direct link between anti-FHL1 responses and muscle damage. Together, our findings provide evidence that FHL1 may be involved in the pathogenesis not only of genetic FHL1-related myopathies but also of autoimmune IIM. Importantly, these results indicate that anti-FHL1 autoantibodies in peripheral blood have promising potential as a biomarker to identify a subset of severe IIM.
|
|
| 4. |
- Allard, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Fångst av vegetationsdata och Natura 2000-habitat i fjällen genom flygbildstolkning i IRF med punktgittermetodik
- 2007
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport visas att flygbildstolkning med punktgittermetodik har stor potential för att ta fram tillförlitliga och kostnadseffektiva data på tillstånd och förändringar i fjällens vegetation. Projektet är finansierat av Naturvårdsverkets svenska miljöövervakning.Inom denna studie har följande delmål nåtts1) Utprovning av försöksdesign har gjorts med antal och fördelning av punkter, samt design och val av tolkningsvariabler.2) Ett operativt tolkningssystem för punktgittertolkning har tagits fram.3) Tolkningsprecisionen för olika variabler och Natura 2000-habitat är utvärderade mot fältdata.4) Metodens kvaliteter är utvärderade.5) Beräkning av tidsåtgång och kostnadsberäkningar är gjorda och ställda mot en polygonbaserad metod för översiktlig tolkning av NILS 5x5 km ruta.Förutom dessa delmål har även säkerheten ytterligare undersökts via ett personvariationstest av tolkade data.Resultaten från de tolkade fältpunkterna visar att överensstämmelsen med fältinventeringen är mycket god. Ett gott resultat fanns från testet med personvariation, med några få problemområden. Metoden har några begränsningar. För flygbildstolkning i punktgitter med den metodik som föreslås här förutsätts att det finns välutbildade tolkare. För en van vegetationstolkare krävs det i storleksordning en tilläggsutbildning på minst 1 månad i tolkning av fjällvegetation, inklusive fältbesök. En exempelsamling av bilder och ett antal nycklar för tolkning bör tas fram.Punktgittermetoden är operativt användbar, vissa kompletterande fältstudier behövs. Metoden har följande generella kvaliteter.Metoden är enkel att implementera.Punktgittermetoden är en kostnadseffektiv metod för att fånga landskapsdata. Den är snabbare än polygontolkning.Datafångst från en 5 x 5 km ruta kan göras på 1-3 dagar, beroende på antal punkter i gittret.Det är enkelt att bearbeta och analysera punktgitterdata.Precisionen i arealskattningarna kommer att kunna enkelt beräknas.Tolkningen i punktgitter kan verifieras genom jämförelse med NILS fältdata.Metoden är lämplig för förändringsstudier. Exempelvis kan den utgöra ett snabbt och effektivt sätt att statistiskt uppdatera information om area av vegetationstyper från vegetationskartorna över de svenska fjällen.Metoden kan fånga upp ovanligare naturtyper i 5 x 5 km ytan förutsatt att många punkter tolkas.Metoden kan användas för urval av objekt för riktade fältinventeringar till ovanligare habitat.Resultaten från metoden kan utgöra viktiga data för annan forskning, exempelvis som träningsdata till satellitbildsklassificeringar.
|
|
| 5. |
- Azouri, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
-
Hotellrapport Stockholm
- 2011
-
Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Stockholm är Sveriges största stad och marknadsför sig som ”The Capital of Scandinavia”. De flesta resenärer som besöker Sverige åker till just Stockholm. År 2010 nådde Stockholms län 10 miljoner kommersiella övernattningar. Det är lätt att ta sig till Stockholm med både flyg, tåg, båt, bil och buss. Stockholm har ett brett utbud av kongress- och mässanläggningar. År 2009 var Stockholm den sjunde mest populära staden i världen att förlägga kongresser på. I dagsläget är Sverige på väg ur den lågkonjunktur som startade år 2008. Sveriges BNP och valuta är på väg att stabiliseras och stärkas. Regeringen har även lagt in ett förslag om att sänka tjänstemomsen inom hotell- och restaurangbranschen. I denna rapport har vi valt att avgränsa oss till ett eget utvalt område inom Stockholm. Detta område innefattar 143 hotell med 20 054 hotellrum.De prognoser vi gjort gällande staden Stockholm och segmenten affärsresenärer och fritidsresenärer pekar på en ökning av besökare till staden. Detta kommer resultera i att hotellens beläggning, snittpris och RevPAR kommer att öka framtill år 2013. Efter år 2013 tror vi att segmentet affärsresenärer kommer att minska något procentuellt och kurvan för belagda nätter kommer att stabiliseras. Dock tror vi att segmentet fritidsresenärer kommer att öka procentuellt efter år 2013 och antalet belagda hotellrum kommer att successivt öka mellan åren 2011 – 2015. Vi tror att snittpris och RevPAR kommer att sjunka på grund av att en fritidsresenär generellt sätt inte betalar lika mycket för ett hotellrum som en affärsresenär gör.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Bäck, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Home-based supervised exercise versus hospital-based supervised exercise or unsupervised walk advice as treatment for intermittent claudication : a systematic review.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 47:9, s. 801-808
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of home-based supervised exercise vs hospital-based supervised exercise, and the effects of home-based supervised exercise vs unsupervised "go home and walk advice" on daily life and corridor-walking capacity, health-related quality of life and patient-reported functional walking capacity in patients with intermittent claudication.DATA SOURCES: Systematic literature searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, ProQuest, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), the Cochrane Library, and a number of Health Technology Assessment (HTA)-databases in October 2014.STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials (> 100 patients) were considered for inclusion.DATA EXTRACTION: Data extraction and risk of bias assessment was performed independently and discussed in meetings.DATA SYNTHESIS: Seven randomized controlled trials and 2 non-randomized controlled studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The included studies had some, or major, limitations.CONCLUSION: Based on a low quality of evidence, home-based supervised exercise may lead to less improvement in maximum and pain-free walking distance, and in more improvement in daily life walking capacity, compared with hospital-based supervised exercise. Home-based supervised exercise may improve maximum and pain-free walking distance compared with "go home and walk advice" and result in little or no difference in health-related quality of life and functional walking capacity compared with hospital-based supervised exercise or "go home and walk advice". Further research is needed to establish the optimal exercise modality for these patients.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bäck, Maria, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Home-based versus hospital-based supervised exercise or walk advice as treatment for intermittent claudication : Hembaserad jämfört med sjukhusbaserad handledd fysisk träning eller träningsråd som behandling vid claudicatio intermittens
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Method and patient group Intermittent claudication, the most common symptomatic presentation of peripheral arterial disease, is present in 7% of Swedish people aged 60 years or older. The progressive atherosclerotic process involves the development of stenoses and/or occlusions in the arteries propagating blood to the lower limbs. This causes effort-induced pain in the affected limb(s). Treatment is usually conservative and includes exercise therapy. Today, current practice in Sweden for patients with IC usually does not include hospital-based supervised exercise programs. A home-based supervised exercise program in a self-chosen environment might bridge the gap between the highly structured and costly hospital-based supervised exercise programs and ’go home and walk advice’. Question at issue Is home-based supervised exercise more effective than either unsupervised ‘go home and walk advice’, or hospital-based supervised exercise, for patients with intermittent claudication, in terms of walking distance, health related quality of life, symptoms, and risks associated with exercise? Studied risks and benefits for patients Ten articles were identified: two systematic reviews, six randomized controlled trials (RCT) and two cohort studies. The systematic reviews were only commented on. The quality of evidence (GRADE ⊕⊕) was low for all conclusions. Concluding remark Home-based supervised exercise for patients with intermittent claudication was compared with hospitalbased supervised exercise, or ‘go home and walk advice’. Six RCTs and two cohort studies were identified. There is low quality of evidence (GRADE ⊕⊕) that home-based supervised exercise, as compared with ‘go home and walk advice’, may slightly improve maximum and pain-free walking distance and result in little or no difference in health-related quality of life, and functional walking ability. There is low quality of evidence (GRADE ⊕⊕) that home-based supervised exercise may lead to less improvement in both maximum and pain-free walking distance than supervised hospital-based exercise, and result in little or no difference in health-related quality of life, and functional walking ability. There are no major ethical issues, and a reliable estimate of the total cost change is not possible, due to a total lack of reliable long-term data.
|
|
| 9. |
- Edin, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
-
The Distribution of Macrophages with a M1 or M2 Phenotype in Relation to Prognosis and the Molecular Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer
- 2012
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PLoS One. - 1932-6203. ; 7:10, s. e47045-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High macrophage infiltration has been correlated to improved survival in colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play complex roles in tumorigenesis since they are believed to hold both tumor preventing (M1 macrophages) and tumor promoting (M2 macrophages) activities. Here we have applied an immunohistochemical approach to determine the degree of infiltrating macrophages with a M1 or M2 phenotype in clinical specimens of CRC in relation to prognosis, both in CRC in general but also in subgroups of CRC defined by microsatellite instability (MSI) screening status and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). A total of 485 consecutive CRC specimens were stained for nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) (also denoted iNOS) as a marker for the M1 macrophage phenotype and the scavenger receptor CD163 as a marker for the M2 macrophage phenotype. The average infiltration of NOS2 and CD163 expressing macrophages along the invasive tumor front was semi-quantitatively evaluated using a four-graded scale. Two subtypes of macrophages, displaying M1 (NOS2(+)) or M2 (CD163(+)) phenotypes, were recognized. We observed a significant correlation between the amount of NOS2(+) and CD163(+) cells (P<0.0001). A strong inverse correlation to tumor stage was found for both NOS2 (P<0.0001) and CD163 (P<0.0001) infiltration. Furthermore, patients harbouring tumors highly infiltrated by NOS2+ cells had a significantly better prognosis than those infiltrated by few NOS2+ cells, and this was found to be independent of MSI screening status and CIMP status. No significant difference was found on cancer-specific survival in groups of CRC with different NOS2/CD163 ratios. In conclusion, an increased infiltration of macrophages with a M1 phenotype at the tumor front is accompanied by a concomitant increase in macrophages with a M2 phenotype, and in a stage dependent manner correlated to a better prognosis in patients with CRC.
|
|
| 10. |
- Eklöf, Vincy, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Cancer-associated fecal microbial markers in colorectal cancer detection
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 141:12, s. 2528-2536
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death in the western world. An effective screening program leading to early detection of disease would severely reduce the mortality of CRC. Alterations in the gut microbiota have been linked to CRC, but the potential of microbial markers for use in CRC screening has been largely unstudied. We used a nested case-control study of 238 study subjects to explore the use of microbial markers for clbA+ bacteria harboring the pks pathogenicity island, afa-C+ diffusely adherent Escherichia coli harboring the afa-1 operon, and Fusobacterium nucleatum in stool as potential screening markers for CRC. We found that individual markers for clbA+ bacteria and F. nucleatum were more abundant in stool of patients with CRC, and could predict cancer with a relatively high specificity (81.5% and 76.9%, respectively) and with a sensitivity of 56.4% and 69.2%, respectively. In a combined test of clbA+ bacteria and F. nucleatum, CRC was detected with a specificity of 63.1% and a sensitivity of 84.6%. Our findings support a potential value of microbial factors in stool as putative noninvasive biomarkers for CRC detection. We propose that microbial markers may represent an important future screening strategy for CRC, selecting patients with a "high-risk" microbial pattern to other further diagnostic procedures such as colonoscopy.
|
|
